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The contribution of the synovium, synovial derived inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common and disabling chronic joint disorders affecting horses, dogs and humans. Synovial inflammation or synovitis is a frequently observed phenomenon in osteoarthritic joints and contributes to the pathogenesis of OA through formation of various catabolic and pro-inflammatory mediators altering the balance of cartilage matrix degradation and repair. Catabolic mediators produced by the inflamed synovium include pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, prostaglandin E(2) and several neuropeptides, which further contribute to the pathogenesis of OA by increasing cartilage degradation. Recent studies suggest that substance P, corticotropin-releasing factor, urocortin and vasoactive intestinal peptide may also be involved in OA development, but the precise role of these neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of OA is not known. Since increased production of matrix metalloproteinases by the synovium is stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, future anti-inflammatory therapies should focus on the synovium as a means of controlling subsequent inflammatory damage.
Publication Date: 2007-10-29 PubMed ID: 17911037DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.08.013Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
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Summary
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The research article is about how the synovium and the inflammatory substances it produces contribute to osteoarthritis, a common chronic joint disorder.
Overview of the Research Article
The research analyzed how the synovium (a soft tissue found in joints that secretes fluid aiding in joint lubrication) and various inflammatory cytokines (proteins involved in cell signaling) and neuropeptides (small protein-like molecules used by neurons to communicate with each other) it produces contribute to osteoarthritis (OA). OA is a prevalent and disabling joint disorder impacting millions of people and animals worldwide. Notably, the study acknowledges synovitis (inflammation of the synovium) as a frequently occurring symptom in osteoarthritic joints, contributing significantly to the ailment’s progression.
Role of Synovium in Osteoarthritis
- The synovium contributes to OA by releasing catabolic (breaking down of complex molecules) and pro-inflammatory mediators, which disrupt the balance between cartilage matrix degradation and repair.
- It produces catabolic mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, prostaglandin E(2), and several neuropeptides, which increase cartilage degradation and enhance OA progression.
Role of Neuropeptides in Osteoarthritis
- Recent studies have indicated neuropeptides like substance P, corticotropin-releasing factor, urocortin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide may be implicated in the development of OA.
- However, the research asserts that the specific role these neuropeptides play in the pathogenesis of OA is still unclear.
Future Scope and Therapeutic Approach
- The research suggests that future anti-inflammatory therapies should target the synovium to control subsequent inflammatory damage.
- The reason for this suggestion is the synovium’s influence on the production of matrix metalloproteinases (enzymes that break down protein), primarily under stimulation by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Cite This Article
APA
Sutton S, Clutterbuck A, Harris P, Gent T, Freeman S, Foster N, Barrett-Jolley R, Mobasheri A.
(2007).
The contribution of the synovium, synovial derived inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
Vet J, 179(1), 10-24.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.08.013 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZJ, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular / pathology
- Cytokines / physiology
- Dogs
- Horses
- Humans
- Interleukins / physiology
- Osteoarthritis / immunology
- Osteoarthritis / pathology
- Osteoarthritis / veterinary
- Synovitis / immunology
- Synovitis / pathology
- Synovitis / veterinary
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / physiology
Citations
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