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American journal of veterinary research2008; 69(1); 130-139; doi: 10.2460/ajvr.69.1.130

Effects of systemic inflammation on insulin sensitivity in horses and inflammatory cytokine expression in adipose tissue.

Abstract: To determine whether an inflammatory challenge induces insulin resistance in horses and examine possible contributions of adipose tissue to inflammatory cytokine production. Methods: 15 adult mares. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (0.045 mug/kg, IV) or saline solution was administered, and insulin sensitivity was determined by means of the hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp procedure or an adipose tissue biopsy was performed. Adipose tissue samples were collected, and mature adipocytes were obtained. Mature adipocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or dedifferentiated into preadipocytes and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor A expression in blood, adipose tissue, and adipocytes was quantified with a real-time, reverse transcriptase- PCR assay. Results: Lipopolysaccharide induced a transient increase in insulin sensitivity followed by a reduction in insulin sensitivity at 24 hours. Increased cytokine expression was observed in blood and adipose tissue following administration of lipopolysaccharide, and adipocytes and preadipocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide stained positive for tumor necrosis factor A. Expression of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor A was detected in preadipocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor A were detected in mature adipocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Conclusions: Results indicated that insulin resistance develops following systemic inflammation in horses and suggested that adipose tissue may contribute to this inflammatory response. Methods to regulate insulin sensitivity may improve clinical outcome in critically ill patients.
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Publication Date: 2008-01-03 PubMed ID: 18167098DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.1.130Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the development of insulin resistance in horses due to systemic inflammation. The research suggests a link between inflammation and adipose tissue’s response, which could affect insulin sensitivity.

Study Objective and Methodology

The objective of the research was to observe if an inflammatory challenge can induce insulin resistance in horses and to assess the possible contributions of their adipose tissue to inflammatory cytokine production.

  • The study involved 15 adult mares.
  • Lipopolysaccharide (an inflammatory agent) was injected into the horses to trigger an inflammatory response. A saline solution was used as a control.
  • Insulin sensitivity was determined by conducting a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure or by performing an adipose tissue biopsy.
  • Adipose tissue samples were collected, and mature adipocytes (fat cells) obtained.
  • The adipocytes were either stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or dedifferentiated into preadipocytes (precursors of adipocytes) and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.
  • The expression of inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor A, in blood, adipose tissue, and adipocytes was measured using a real-time, reverse transcriptase- PCR assay.

Study Results

  • Lipopolysaccharide injection resulted in an initial transient increase in insulin sensitivity, which was then followed by a reduction after 24 hours.
  • Increased cytokine expression was observed in both the blood and adipose tissues following the administration of lipopolysaccharide. Also, adipocytes and preadipocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide were positive for tumor necrosis factor A.
  • The expression of inflammatory cytokines; interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor A was detected in preadipocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, while interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor A were detected in mature adipocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.

Conclusions

  • The results indicated that insulin resistance develops in horses following systemic inflammation.
  • The adipose tissue seemed to contribute to this inflammatory response, suggesting it may play a role in insulin resistance.
  • The findings suggest that strategies to manage insulin sensitivity could improve the prognosis in critically ill patients.

Cite This Article

APA
Vick MM, Murphy BA, Sessions DR, Reedy SE, Kennedy EL, Horohov DW, Cook RF, Fitzgerald BP. (2008). Effects of systemic inflammation on insulin sensitivity in horses and inflammatory cytokine expression in adipose tissue. Am J Vet Res, 69(1), 130-139. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.69.1.130

Publication

American journal of veterinary research
ISSN: 0002-9645
NlmUniqueID: 0375011
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 69
Issue: 1
Pages: 130-139

Researcher Affiliations

Vick, Mandi M
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
Murphy, Barbara A
    Sessions, Dawn R
      Reedy, Stephanie E
        Kennedy, Erin L
          Horohov, David W
            Cook, R Frank
              Fitzgerald, Barry P

                MeSH Terms

                • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
                • Animals
                • Cytokines / metabolism
                • Female
                • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
                • Horse Diseases / chemically induced
                • Horse Diseases / metabolism
                • Horses
                • Inflammation / chemically induced
                • Inflammation / veterinary
                • Insulin Resistance / physiology
                • Time Factors

                Citations

                This article has been cited 15 times.
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