Efficacy of metoclopramide for treatment of ileus in horses following small intestinal surgery: 70 cases (1989-1992).
Abstract: In this retrospective study, postoperative ileus was studied in horses having resection of the small intestine followed by a jejunojejunal (n = 35) or a jejunocaecal (n = 35) anastomosis. Twenty-six horses received no metoclopramide, 27 received metoclopramide as an intermittent intravenous infusion and 17 horses received metoclopramide as a continuous intravenous infusion (0.04 mg/kg/hour). Horses receiving a continuous infusion of metoclopramide had a reduced total volume (P < 0.001), shorter duration (P < 0.001), and a slower rate (P < 0.001) of postoperative gastric reflux, and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (P < 0.01) when compared to horses receiving no metoclopramide and horses receiving metoclopramide as an intermittent infusion. Horses having jejunocaecostomy performed had a larger volume (P < 0.05), longer duration (P < 0.05), and a greater rate (P < 0.05) of postoperative gastric reflux, and a longer postoperative hospital stay (P < 0.001) than horses undergoing jejunojejunostomy. Horses that had an abdominal drain placed during surgery had a longer length of intestine resected (P < 0.05) and a longer postoperative hospital stay (P < 0.05) than horses without an abdominal drain. Horses that died or were euthanased during the postoperative period had a greater total volume (P < 0.05), longer duration (P < 0.05), and greater rate of postoperative gastric reflux (P < 0.01), a longer length of small intestine resected (P < 0.01), and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (P < 0.05) than horses that survived until discharge from the hospital. In a multivariate regression analysis the continuous infusion of metoclopramide was the only variable that contributed significantly to predicting the total volume (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.24), duration (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.24) and rate (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.25) of postoperative gastric reflux. We concluded that metoclopramide given as a continuous intravenous infusion decreased the incidence and severity of ileus following small intestinal resection and anastomosis in horses.
Publication Date: 1996-10-01 PubMed ID: 8937668DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1996.tb13775.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The study examines the effectiveness of metoclopramide in treating ileus (a painful condition involving lack of movement in the intestines) in horses following small intestine surgery. The research found that continuous infusion of metoclopramide results in a decrease in postoperative gastric reflux volume and duration, as well as a shorter hospital stay, compared to horses that did not receive metoclopramide or received it intermittently.
Study Design and Implementation
- The research is a retrospective study involving 70 cases of horses undergoing small intestinal surgery between 1989 and 1992.
- Two types of post-surgical treatment were reviewed: jejunojejunal anastomosis and jejunocaecal anastomosis, which both involved the resection (cutting out a section) of the small intestine.
- The study grouped horses based on the treatment they received post-surgery: some received metoclopramide (a medication used to manage gastric issues) continuously, some intermittently, while some received no metoclopramide.
Findings of the Study
- Horses that received a continuous infusion of metoclopramide experienced a reduced total volume, duration, and rate of postoperative gastric reflux, as well as a shorter stay in the hospital when compared to those not receiving metoclopramide or receiving it intermittently.
- Horses that underwent jejunocaecostomy had a higher rate and duration of postoperative gastric reflux, as well as longer hospital stays, compared to those undergoing jejunojejunostomy.
- Horses that had an abdominal drain fitted during surgery required a larger portion of the intestine to be resected and had longer hospital stays than those without an abdominal drain.
- Horses that either died or were euthanased during the postoperative period had a higher volume and duration of postoperative gastric reflux, a longer length of small intestine resected, and a shorter hospital stay than those that survived until hospital discharge.
Study Conclusion
- The multivariate regression analysis conducted as part of the study revealed that the variable most influential in predicting the volume, duration, and rate of postoperative gastric reflux was whether the horse received metoclopramide continuously.
- The findings of the study thus suggest that metoclopramide administered as a continuous intravenous infusion can decrease the incidence and severity of ileus following small intestine surgery in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Dart AJ, Peauroi JR, Hodgson DR, Pascoe JR.
(1996).
Efficacy of metoclopramide for treatment of ileus in horses following small intestinal surgery: 70 cases (1989-1992).
Aust Vet J, 74(4), 280-284.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1996.tb13775.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Anastomosis, Surgical / adverse effects
- Anastomosis, Surgical / veterinary
- Animals
- Cecostomy / adverse effects
- Cecostomy / veterinary
- Dopamine Antagonists / administration & dosage
- Dopamine Antagonists / therapeutic use
- Drainage / adverse effects
- Drainage / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / mortality
- Horses
- Infusions, Intravenous / methods
- Infusions, Intravenous / veterinary
- Intestinal Obstruction / drug therapy
- Intestinal Obstruction / etiology
- Intestinal Obstruction / mortality
- Intestinal Obstruction / veterinary
- Intestine, Small / surgery
- Jejunostomy / adverse effects
- Jejunostomy / veterinary
- Metoclopramide / administration & dosage
- Metoclopramide / therapeutic use
- Postoperative Complications / drug therapy
- Postoperative Complications / etiology
- Postoperative Complications / mortality
- Postoperative Complications / veterinary
- Regression Analysis
- Retrospective Studies
- Survival Rate
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Marzok M, Kandeel M, Alkhodair K, Abdel-Raheem S, Ismail H, Farag A, Ibrahim H, El-Ashkar M, Shousha S, El-Khodery S. Evaluation of cardiac indices using M-mode echocardiography after administration of metoclopramide and ondansetron in donkeys (Equus asinus): an experimental study. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1189710.
- Salem SE, Proudman CJ, Archer DC. Has intravenous lidocaine improved the outcome in horses following surgical management of small intestinal lesions in a UK hospital population?. BMC Vet Res 2016 Jul 27;12(1):157.
- Koenig J, Cote N. Equine gastrointestinal motility--ileus and pharmacological modification. Can Vet J 2006 Jun;47(6):551-9.
- Doherty TJ, Andrews FM, Abraha TW, Osborne D, Frazier DL. Metoclopramide ameliorates the effects of endotoxin on gastric emptying of acetaminophen in horses. Can J Vet Res 1999 Jan;63(1):37-40.
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