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Journal of virology1969; 4(4); 521-527; doi: 10.1128/JVI.4.4.521-527.1969

Electron microscopy of equine infectious anemia virus.

Abstract: Equine infectious anemia (EIA) virus was observed in thin sections of infected cultured horse leukocytes by electron microscopy. The virus particles had a spherical shape and were between 80 and 120 nm in diameter. Most of them contained an electron-dense nucleoid 40 to 60 nm in diameter. They were observed to form by a process of budding from the plasma membrane and appeared to have thin surface projections. The particles described were not detected in uninfected cultured cells, and their appearance could be prevented by adding EIA immune serum to the inoculum. The implications of these findings in the classification of EIA virus are discussed.
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Publication Date: 1969-10-01 PubMed ID: 4311413PubMed Central: PMC375902DOI: 10.1128/JVI.4.4.521-527.1969Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper investigates the structure and formation process of the equine infectious anemia (EIA) virus by using electron microscopes to observe infected horse leukocytes.

Introduction

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a persistent and incurable viral disease that affects equine species. This research attempts to describe the structure and assembly process of the EIA virus by observing it under an electron microscope. The researchers observed the infected cultured horse leukocytes (white blood cells), providing an understanding of the virus particles’ formation and characteristics.

Procedure and Observations

  • During the examination of thin sections of infected horse leukocytes, the EIA virus particles were observed with spherical shapes and sizes ranging between 80 and 120 nanometers in diameter.
  • Further investigation revealed these particles had an electron-dense core or ‘nucleoid’ measuring 40 to 60 nanometers. This nucleoid can be considered the control center of the virus particle containing genetic material.
  • One critical finding was that these virus particles formed by budding from the plasma membrane, a process important in many viral infections. This process involves the virus using host cell mechanisms to grab a part of the cell’s membrane to form a protective coating for itself as it leaves the cell, contributing to the propagation of viral infections.
  • The EIA virus particles also seemed to sport thin surface projections. These could be spike proteins, which viruses often use to enter host cells by binding with receptors on the cell’s surface.

Control Studies

  • Controlled experiments with uninfected cultured cells found no such particles, reinforcing the notion that the spotted particles were indeed of the EIA virus.
  • Furthermore, researchers found that adding EIA immune serum, which contains antibodies against EIA, could prevent the appearance of these particles. This suggested that the immune serum possibly neutralized the virus or blocked its formation process.

Implications

The researchers discussed the implications of these discoveries on the classification of EIA virus. With deeper understanding about the structure and formation process of the virus, more targeted and effective strategies could be developed for diagnosis, prevention, and control of this disease in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Tajima M, Nakajima H, Ito Y. (1969). Electron microscopy of equine infectious anemia virus. J Virol, 4(4), 521-527. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.4.4.521-527.1969

Publication

Journal of virology
ISSN: 0022-538X
NlmUniqueID: 0113724
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Pages: 521-527

Researcher Affiliations

Tajima, M
    Nakajima, H
      Ito, Y

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Culture Techniques
        • Equine Infectious Anemia / pathology
        • Horses
        • Immune Sera
        • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / analysis
        • Leukocytes / pathology
        • Microscopy, Electron

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