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Toxins2017; 9(10); doi: 10.3390/toxins9100303

Emergence of Nasal Carriage of ST80 and ST152 PVL+ Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Livestock in Algeria.

Abstract: The spread of toxinogenic Staphylococcus aureus is a public health problem in Africa. The objectives of the study were to investigate the rate of S. aureus nasal carriage and molecular characteristics of these strains in livestock and humans in three Algerian provinces. Nasal samples were collected from camels, horses, cattle, sheep and monkeys, as well as humans in contact with them. S. aureus isolates were genotyped using DNA microarray. The rate of S. aureus nasal carriage varied between species: camels (53%), humans and monkeys (50%), sheep (44.2%), horses (15.2%) and cattle (15%). Nine methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates (7.6%) were identified, isolated from camels and sheep. The S. aureus isolates belonged to 15 different clonal complexes. Among them, PVL+ (Panton-Valentine Leukocidin) isolates belonging to ST80-MRSA-IV and ST152-MSSA were identified in camels (n = 3, 13%) and sheep (n = 4, 21.1%). A high prevalence of toxinogenic animal strains was noted containing TSST-1- (22.2%), EDINB- (29.6%) and EtD- (11.1%) encoding genes. This study showed the dispersal of the highly human pathogenic clones ST152-MSSA and ST-80-MRSA in animals. It suggests the ability of some clones to cross the species barrier and jump between humans and several animal species.
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Publication Date: 2017-09-25 PubMed ID: 28946704PubMed Central: PMC5666350DOI: 10.3390/toxins9100303Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

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The researchers investigated the prevalence and genetic characteristics of a specific type of toxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in livestock and humans in Algeria. They discovered that particularly harmful strains of these bacteria can spread between humans and various animal species.

Research Methodology

  • The study was conducted in three Algerian provinces, with the main focus on determining the rate of nasal carriage (presence) of Staphylococcus aureus (a type of bacteria) among different species.
  • Nasal samples were obtained from camels, horses, cattle, sheep, monkeys, as well as humans in close contact with these animals.
  • These samples were subsequently genotyped using DNA microarray, a lab-on-a-chip tool used to detect and measure the expression of thousands of genes at once.

Major Findings

  • The rate of nasal carriage of the bacteria varied across species: camels (53%), humans, monkeys (50%), sheep (44.2%), horses (15.2%), and cattle (15%).
  • Out of the samples, nine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates (7.6%) were identified, particularly isolated from camels and sheep. This type of bacteria is infamous for its resistance to antibiotics, making infections hard to treat.
  • They found that bacteria belonging to 15 different clonal complexes—groups of bacteria descended from a common ancestor. Particularly, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-producing (PVL+) isolates tied to ST80-MRSA-IV and ST152-MSSA clonal complexities were found in camels and sheep. PVL+ refers to the bacteria’s ability to produce a toxin that destroys white blood cells.

Noteworthy Implications

  • This study discovered a high prevalence of toxinogenic or toxin-producing animal strains. These included strains that contained certain types of harmful genes, such as TSST-1-, EDINB-, and EtD-.
  • A significant implication of this research is the evidence of the spread of the highly pathogenic (disease-causing) clones ST152-MSSA and ST-80-MRSA among animals.
  • The study findings suggest the likelihood of some bacterial clones to break the species barrier and jump from humans to different animal species and vice versa. This suggests a potential risk of zoonotic infections, where diseases can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Agabou A, Ouchenane Z, Ngba Essebe C, Khemissi S, Chehboub MTE, Chehboub IB, Sotto A, Dunyach-Remy C, Lavigne JP. (2017). Emergence of Nasal Carriage of ST80 and ST152 PVL+ Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Livestock in Algeria. Toxins (Basel), 9(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins9100303

Publication

Toxins
ISSN: 2072-6651
NlmUniqueID: 101530765
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 10

Researcher Affiliations

Agabou, Amir
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, Université Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 30908 Nîmes, France. amirveto@gmail.com.
  • Laboratoire PADESCA, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, Algérie. amirveto@gmail.com.
Ouchenane, Zouleikha
  • Laboratoire de microbiologie, Hôpital Militaire Régional Universitaire de Constantine, Constantine 25001, Algérie. z_ouche@yahoo.fr.
Ngba Essebe, Christelle
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, Université Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 30908 Nîmes, France. ngbachristelle@yahoo.fr.
Khemissi, Salim
  • Laboratoire de microbiologie, Hôpital Militaire Régional Universitaire de Constantine, Constantine 25001, Algérie. salimkhemissi@gmail.com.
Chehboub, Mohamed Tedj Eddine
  • Laboratoire PADESCA, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, Algérie. tedj.chehboub@gmail.com.
Chehboub, Ilyes Bey
  • Laboratoire PADESCA, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, Algérie. ilyesbeycheboub@gmail.com.
Sotto, Albert
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, Université Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 30908 Nîmes, France. albert.sotto@chu-nimes.fr.
  • Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France. albert.sotto@chu-nimes.fr.
Dunyach-Remy, Catherine
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, Université Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 30908 Nîmes, France. catherine.remy@chu-nimes.fr.
  • Service de Microbiologie, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France. catherine.remy@chu-nimes.fr.
Lavigne, Jean-Philippe
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, Université Montpellier, UFR de Médecine, 30908 Nîmes, France. jean.philippe.lavigne@chu-nimes.fr.
  • Service de Microbiologie, CHU Nîmes, 30029 Nîmes, France. jean.philippe.lavigne@chu-nimes.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Algeria
  • Animals
  • Camelus
  • Carrier State / microbiology
  • Cattle
  • Haplorhini
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Livestock
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Nose / microbiology
  • Sheep
  • Staphylococcus aureus / genetics
  • Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.

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Citations

This article has been cited 28 times.
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