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Veterinary microbiology2012; 162(1); 228-231; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.014

Emerging outbreaks associated with equine coronavirus in adult horses.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe clinical, hematological and fecal PCR results from 161 horses involved in outbreaks associated with ECoV. The outbreaks happened at four separate boarding facilities between November 2011 and April 2012 in the States of CA, TX, WI and MA. Following the molecular detection of ECoV in the feces from the initial index cases, the remaining herdmates were closely observed for the development of clinical signs. Fecal samples were collected from sick and healthy horses for the PCR detection of ECoV. All four outbreaks involved primarily adult horses. Fifty-nine horses developed clinical signs with 12-16 sick horses per outbreak. The main clinical signs reported were anorexia, lethargy and fever. Four horses from 3 different outbreaks were euthanized or died due to rapid progression of clinical signs. The cause of death could not be determined with necropsy evaluation in 2 horses, while septicemia secondary to gastrointestinal translocation was suspected in 2 horses. Blood work was available from 10 horses with clinical disease and common hematological abnormalities were leucopenia due to neutropenia and/or lymphopenia. Feces were available for ECoV testing by real-time PCR from 44 and 96 sick and healthy horses, respectively. 38/44 (86%) horses with abnormal clinical signs tested PCR positive for ECoV, while 89/96 (93%) healthy horses tested PCR negative for ECoV. The overall agreement between clinical status and PCR detection of ECoV was 91%. The study results suggest that ECoV is associated with self-limiting clinical and hematological abnormalities in adult horses.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2012-10-16 PubMed ID: 23123176PubMed Central: PMC7117461DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.014Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper investigates the link between equine coronavirus (ECoV) and outbreaks that occurred in adult horses at four separate horse boarding establishments in the United States in 2011 and 2012. Analyses were conducted on the clinical, hematological results, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests on the fecal matter of 161 horses affected.

Objective of the Study

The study was embarked on to describe the clinical, hematological, and fecal PCR outcomes from 161 horses involved in ECoV-related outbreaks. It hoped to provide insights into the association between ECoV and self-limiting clinical and hematological abnormalities in adult horses.

Methodology

The study monitored four separate outbreaks occurring between November 2011 and April 2012 in four states: CA, TX, WI, and MA. It involved:

  • Molecular detection of ECoV in the feces from the initial cases of the outbreak.
  • Close observation of the remaining horses for clinical signs development.
  • Collection of fecal samples from both sick and healthy horses for ECoV detection via PCR.

Findings

The findings showed that:

  • All four outbreaks affected primarily adult horses.
  • Fifty-nine horses developed clinical signs with 12 to 16 sick horses per outbreak.
  • The main clinical signs reported among these horses were anorexia, lethargy, and fever.
  • Four horses from three different outbreaks had to be euthanized or died due to rapidly progressing clinical signs.
  • From ten horses with clinical disease, common hematological abnormalities observed were leucopenia due to neutropenia and/or lymphopenia.
  • 39 of 44 horses with abnormal clinical signs tested PCR positive for ECoV, while 89 of 96 healthy horses tested PCR negative for ECoV.
  • The overall agreement between clinical status and PCR detection of ECoV was approximately 91%, suggesting a strong association.

Conclusion

The study concluded a suggestion that ECoV is associated with self-limiting clinical and hematological irregularities in adult horses. It implies that an ECoV outbreak could induce these clinical signs and hematological abnormalities among healthy adult horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Pusterla N, Mapes S, Wademan C, White A, Ball R, Sapp K, Burns P, Ormond C, Butterworth K, Bartol J, Magdesian KG. (2012). Emerging outbreaks associated with equine coronavirus in adult horses. Vet Microbiol, 162(1), 228-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.014

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 1873-2542
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 162
Issue: 1
Pages: 228-231
PII: S0378-1135(12)00553-6

Researcher Affiliations

Pusterla, N
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. npusterla@ucdavis.edu
Mapes, S
    Wademan, C
      White, A
        Ball, R
          Sapp, K
            Burns, P
              Ormond, C
                Butterworth, K
                  Bartol, J
                    Magdesian, K G

                      MeSH Terms

                      • Animals
                      • Case-Control Studies
                      • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / blood
                      • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / epidemiology
                      • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / veterinary
                      • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / virology
                      • Coronavirus / isolation & purification
                      • Coronavirus Infections / blood
                      • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology
                      • Coronavirus Infections / veterinary
                      • Disease Outbreaks / veterinary
                      • Feces / virology
                      • Horse Diseases / blood
                      • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
                      • Horse Diseases / virology
                      • Horses
                      • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary

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