Endothelial cells and angiogenesis in the horse in health and disease-A review.

1. Abdelnaby EA, El-Maaty AMA. Dynamics of follicular blood flow, antrum growth, and angiogenic mediators in mares from deviation to ovulation. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 55, 51-59.
   doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.04.003google scholar: lookup
2. Adair TH, Montani JP. Chapter 1, Overview of Angiogenesis. Angiogenesis .
3. Aguilar J, Fraser HM, Wilson H, Clutton E, Shaw DJ, Watson ED. Temporal relationship between proliferating and apoptotic hormone-producing and endothelial cells in the equine corpus luteum. Reproduction 132(1), 111-118.
   doi: 10.1530/rep.1.01051google scholar: lookup
4. Aird WC. Phenotypic heterogeneity of the endothelium I. Structure, function, and mechanisms. Circulation Research 100(2), 158-173.
   doi: 10.1161/01.res.0000255691.76142.4agoogle scholar: lookup
5. Aird WC. Phenotypic heterogeneity of the endothelium II. Representative Vascular Beds. Circulation Research 100(2), 174-190.
   doi: 10.1161/01.res.0000255690.03436.aegoogle scholar: lookup
6. Aird WC. Endothelial cell heterogeneity. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 2(1), a006429.
   doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006429google scholar: lookup
7. Alias S, Redwan B, Panzenböck A, Winter MP, Schubert U, Voswinckel R, Lang IM. Defective angiogenesis delays thrombus resolution a potential pathogenetic mechanism underlying chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 34(4), 810-819.
   doi: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302991google scholar: lookup
8. Allbaugh RA. Equine recurrent uveitis: A review of clinical assessment and management. Equine Veterinary Education 29(5), 279-288.
   doi: 10.1111/eve.12548google scholar: lookup
9. Allen DJr, Clark ES, Moore JN, Prasse KW. Evaluation of equine digital Starling forces and hemodynamics during early laminitis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 51(12), 1930-1934.
10. Allen WR, Gower S, Wilsher S. Immunohistochemical localization of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its two receptors (Flt-I and KDR) in the endometrium and placenta of the mare during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 42(5), 516-526.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00815.xgoogle scholar: lookup
11. Alroy J, Goyal V, Skutelsky E. Lectin histochemistry of mammalian endothelium. Histochemistry 86(6), 603-607.
    doi: 10.1007/bf00489554google scholar: lookup
12. Al-zi'abi MO, Fraser HM, Watson ED. Cell death during natural and induced luteal regression in mares. Reproduction 123(1), 67-77.
    doi: 10.1530/rep.0.1230067google scholar: lookup
13. Al-zi'abil MO, Watson ED, Fraser HA. Angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the equine corpus luteum. Reproduction 125(2), 259-270.
    doi: 10.1530/rep.0.1250259google scholar: lookup
14. Anderson SL, Singh B. Equine neutrophils and their role in ischemia reperfusion injury and lung inflammation. Cell and Tissue Research 371(3), 639-648.
    doi: 10.1007/s00441-017-2770-1google scholar: lookup
15. Angelone M, Conti V, Biacca C, Battaglia B, Pecorari L, Piana F, Grolli S. the contribution of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma to the treatment of chronic equine laminitis: A proof of concept. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18(10), 17.
    doi: 10.3390/ijms18102122google scholar: lookup
16. Arnhold S, Absenger Y, Klein H, Addicks K, Schraermeyer U. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells rescue photoreceptor cells in the dystrophic retina of the rhodopsin knockout mouse. Graefes Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 245(3), 414-422.
    doi: 10.1007/s00417-006-0382-7google scholar: lookup
17. Arnhold S, Elashry MI, Klymiuk MC, Wenisch S. Biological macromolecules and mesenchymal stem cells: Basic research for regenerative therapies in veterinary medicine. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 123, 889-899.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.158google scholar: lookup
18. Bahramsoltani M, Harms T, Drewes B, Plendl J. Searching for markers to identify angiogenic endothelial cells: A proteomic approach. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 55(2), 255-269.
    doi: 10.3233/ch-2012-1631google scholar: lookup
19. Bahramsoltani M, Plendl J, Janczyk P, Custodis P, Kaessmeyer S. Quantitation of angiogenesis and antiangiogenesis in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro - an overview. Altex 26(2), 95-107.
    doi: 10.14573/altex.2009.2.95google scholar: lookup
20. Bailey SR, Cunningham FM. Adherence of eosinophils from allergic and normal ponies to cultured equine endothelial cells. Inflammation Research 50(1), 32-38.
    doi: 10.1007/s000110050721google scholar: lookup
21. Bailey SR, Cunningham FM. Inflammatory mediators induce endothelium-dependent adherence of equine eosinophils to cultured endothelial cells. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 24(3), 209-214.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2885.2001.00329.xgoogle scholar: lookup
22. Bailey SR, Elliott J. Evidence for different 5-HT1B/1D receptors mediating vasoconstriction of equine digital arteries and veins. European Journal of Pharmacology 355(2-3), 175-187.
    doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00520-2google scholar: lookup
23. Banno K, Yoder MC. Tissue regeneration using endothelial colony-forming cells: Promising cells for vascular repair. Pediatric Research 83(1), 283-290.
    doi: 10.1038/pr.2017.231google scholar: lookup
24. Bara JJ, McCarthy HE, Humphrey E, Johnson WEB, Roberts S. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells become antiangiogenic when chondrogenically or osteogenically differentiated: Implications for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue Engineering Part A 20(1-2), 147-159.
    doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0196google scholar: lookup
25. Barboni B, Russo V, Berardinelli P, Mauro A, Valbonetti L, Sanyal H, Mattioli M. Placental stem cells from domestic animals: Translational potential and clinical relevance. Cell Transplantation 27(1), 93-116.
    doi: 10.1177/0963689717724797google scholar: lookup
26. Barry S. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit bone healing: A review. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 23(6), 385-392.
    doi: 10.3415/vcot-10-01-0017google scholar: lookup
27. Barua S, Macedo A, Kolb DS, Wynne-Edwards KE, Klein C. Milk-fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) is expressed at the embryo- and fetal-maternal interface in equine pregnancy. Reproduction Fertility and Development 30(4), 585-590.
    doi: 10.1071/rd17094google scholar: lookup
28. Bastos H, Martinez MN, Camozzato GC, Estradé MJ, Barros E, Vital CE, Mattos RC. Proteomic profile of histotroph during early embryo development in mares. Theriogenology 125, 224-235.
    doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.11.002google scholar: lookup
29. Baxter GM, Laskey RE, Tackett RL, Moore JN, Allen D. In vitro reactivity of digital arteries and veins to vasoconstrictive mediators in healthy horses and in horses with early laminitis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 50(4), 508-517.
30. Beerlage C, Varanat M, Linder K, Maggi RG, Cooley J, Kempf VAJ, Breitschwerdt EB. Bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii and Bartonella henselae as potential causes of proliferative vascular diseases in animals. Medical Microbiology and Immunology 201(3), 319-326.
    doi: 10.1007/s00430-012-0234-5google scholar: lookup
31. Bek EL, McMillen MA. Endothelins are angiogenic. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 36(5 Suppl 1), S135-139.
    doi: 10.1097/00005344-200036051-00043google scholar: lookup
32. Belknap JK, Giguere S, Pettigrew A, Cochran AM, Van Eps AW, Pollitt CC. Lamellar pro-inflammatory cytokine expression patterns in laminitis at the developmental stage and at the onset of lameness: Innate vs. adaptive immune response. Equine Veterinary Journal 39(1), 42-47.
    doi: 10.2746/042516407x155406google scholar: lookup
33. Belknap JK, Moore JN, Crouser EC. Sepsis-From human organ failure to laminar failure. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 129(3-4), 155-157.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.11.013google scholar: lookup
34. Benazzi C, Torre F, Sarli G, Marcheselli C. Patterns of histological and immunohistochemical alterations in the constriction of the constriction of fetlock annular ligament (FAL) of the horse. Ippologia 11(1), 23-28.
35. Benbarek H, Grülke S, Deby-Dupont G, Deby C, Mathy-Hartert M, Caudron I, Serteyn D. Cytotoxicity of stimulated equine neutrophils on equine endothelial cells in culture. Equine Veterinary Journal 32(4), 327-333.
    doi: 10.2746/042516400777032273google scholar: lookup
36. Bischofberger AS, Dart CM, Horadagoda N, Perkins NR, Jeffcott LB, Little CB, Dart AJ. Effect of Manuka honey gel on the transforming growth factor beta 1 and beta 3 concentrations, bacterial counts and histomorphology of contaminated full-thickness skin wounds in equine distal limbs. Australian Veterinary Journal 94(1-2), 27-34.
    doi: 10.1111/avj.12405google scholar: lookup
37. Bischofberger AS, Tsang AS, Horadagoda N, Dart CM, Perkins NR, Jeffcott LB, Dart AJ. Effect of activated protein C in second intention healing of equine distal limb wounds: A preliminary study. Australian Veterinary Journal 93(10), 361-366.
    doi: 10.1111/avj.12363google scholar: lookup
38. Black SJ, Lunn DP, Yin CL, Hwang M, Lenz SD, Belknap JK. Leukocyte emigration in the early stages of laminitis. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 109(1-2), 161-166.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.08.017google scholar: lookup
39. Bochsler PN, Slauson DO, Chandler SK, Suyemoto MM. Isolation and characterization of equine microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. American Journal of Veterinary Research 50(10), 1800-1805.
40. Bodaan CJ, Wise LM, Wakelin KA, Stuart GS, Real NC, Mercer AA, Theoret CL. Short-term treatment of equine wounds with orf virus IL-10 and VEGF-E dampens inflammation and promotes repair processes without accelerating closure. Wound Repair and Regeneration 24(6), 966-980.
    doi: 10.1111/wrr.12488google scholar: lookup
41. Bosch G, Moleman M, Barneveld A, van Weeren PR, van Schie HTM. The effect of platelet-rich plasma on the neovascularization of surgically created equine superficial digital flexor tendon lesions. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 21(4), 554-561.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01070.xgoogle scholar: lookup
42. Brooks AC, Menzies-Gow N, Bailey SR, Cunningham FM, Elliott J. Endotoxin-induced HIF-1alpha stabilisation in equine endothelial cells: Synergistic action with hypoxia. Inflammation Research 59(9), 689-698.
    doi: 10.1007/s00011-010-0180-xgoogle scholar: lookup
43. Brooks AC, Menzies-Gow NJ, Wheeler-Jones C, Bailey SR, Cunningham FM, Elliott J. Endotoxin-induced activation of equine digital vein endothelial cells: Role of p38 MAPK. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 129(3-4), 174-180.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.11.008google scholar: lookup
44. Bussche L, Van de Walle GR. Peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells promote angiogenesis via paracrine stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in the equine model. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 3(12), 1514-1525.
    doi: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0138google scholar: lookup
45. Carmona JU, Lopez C, Giraldo CE. Use of autologous platelet concentrates as regenerative therapy for chronic diseases of the equine musculoskeletal system. Archivos De Medicina Veterinaria 43(1), 1-10.
    doi: 10.4067/s0301-732x2011000100002google scholar: lookup
46. Celeste CJ, Deschesne K, Riley CB, Theoret CL. Skin temperature during cutaneous wound healing in an equine model of cutaneous fibroproliferative disorder: Kinetics and anatomic-site differences. Veterinary Surgery 42(2), 147-153.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2012.00966.xgoogle scholar: lookup
47. Cerimele F, Brown LF, Bravo F, Ihler GM, Kouadio P, Arbiser JL. Infectious angiogenesis: Bartonella bacilliformis infection results in endothelial production of angiopoetin-2 and epidermal production of vascular endothelial growth factor. The American Journal of Pathology 163(4), 1321-1327.
    doi: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63491-8google scholar: lookup
48. Chiam R, Smid L, Kydd JH, Smith KC, Platt A, Davis-Poynter NJ. Use of polarised equine endothelial cell cultures and an in vitro thrombosis model for potential characterisation of EHV-1 strain variation. Veterinary Microbiology 113(3-4), 243-249.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.005google scholar: lookup
49. Chong MS, Ng WK, Chan JK. Concise review: Endothelial progenitor cells in regenerative medicine: Applications and challenges. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 5(4), 530-538.
    doi: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0227google scholar: lookup
50. Chopra H, Hung MK, Kwong DL, Zhang CF, Pow EHN. Insights into endothelial progenitor cells: origin, classification, potentials, and prospects. Stem Cells International 2018, 9847015.
    doi: 10.1155/2018/9847015google scholar: lookup
51. Collins RG, Velji R, Guevara NV, Hicks MJ, Chan L, Beaudet AL. P-Selectin or intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 deficiency substantially protects against atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Journal of Experimental Medicine 191(1), 189-194.
    doi: 10.1084/jem.191.1.189google scholar: lookup
52. Crisan MI, Damian A, Gal A, Miclaus V, Cernea CL, Denoix JM. Vascular abnormalities of the distal deep digital flexor tendon in 8 draught horses identified on histological examination. Research in Veterinary Science 95(1), 23-26.
    doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.03.006google scholar: lookup
53. da Costa RPR, Costa AS, Korzekwa AJ, Platek R, Siemieniuch M, Galvão A, Ferreira-Dias G. Actions of a nitric oxide donor on prostaglandin production and angiogenic activity in the equine endometrium. Reproduction Fertility and Development 20(6), 674-683.
    doi: 10.1071/rd08015google scholar: lookup
54. da Costa RPR, Ferreira-Dias G, Mateus L, Korzekwa A, Andronowska A, Platek R, Skarzynski DJ. Endometrial nitric oxide production and nitric oxide synthases in the equine endometrium: Relationship with microvascular density during the estrous cycle. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 32(4), 287-302.
    doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.03.007google scholar: lookup
55. Davenport AP, Hyndman KA, Dhaun N, Southan C, Kohan DE, Pollock JS, Maguire JJ. Endothelin. Pharmacological Reviews 68(2), 357-418.
    doi: 10.1124/pr.115.011833google scholar: lookup
56. de Alencar-Araripe MG, Nunes-Pinheiro DCS, Costa BO, Batista LS, Feitosa MS, de Almeida GKG, Girao VC. A clinical trial and oral wound treated by essential oil of lippia sidoides mouthrinse in horses. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 42, 8.
57. de Rebiere de Pouyade GDL, Salciccia A, Ceusters J, Deby-Dupont G, Serteyn D, Mouithys-Mickalad A. Production of free radicals and oxygen consumption by primary equine endothelial cells during anoxia-reoxygenation. The Open Biochemistry Journal 5, 52-59.
    doi: 10.2174/1874091x01105010052google scholar: lookup
58. De Spiegelaere W, Casteleyn C, Van den Broeck W, Plendl J, Bahramsoltani M, Simoens P, Cornillie P. Intussusceptive angiogenesis: A biologically relevant form of angiogenesis. Journal of Vascular Research 49(5), 390-404.
    doi: 10.1159/000338278google scholar: lookup
59. Denoix JM. Functional anatomy of tendons and ligaments in the distal limbs (manus and pes). Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 10(2), 273-322.
    doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30358-9google scholar: lookup
60. Dias DPM, Neto JCD. Jugular thrombophlebitis in horses: A review of fibrinolysis, thrombus formation, and clinical management. Canadian Veterinary Journal-Revue Veterinaire Canadienne 54(1), 65-71.
61. Dietze K, Slosarek I, Fuhrmann-Selter T, Hopperdietzel C, Plendl J, Kaessmeyer S. Isolation of equine endothelial cells and life cell angiogenesis assay. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 58(1), 127-146.
    doi: 10.3233/ch-141877google scholar: lookup
62. Dini P, Daels P, Loux SC, Esteller-Vico A, Carossino M, Scoggin KE, Ball BA. Kinetics of the chromosome 14 microRNA cluster ortholog and its potential role during placental development in the pregnant mare. Bmc Genomics 19, 21.
    doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-5341-2google scholar: lookup
63. DiPietro LA. Angiogenesis and wound repair: When enough is enough. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 100(5), 979-984.
    doi: 10.1189/jlb.4mr0316-102rgoogle scholar: lookup
64. Dubuc V, Lepault E, Theoret CL. Endothelial cell hypertrophy is associated with microvascular occlusion in horse wounds. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Veterinaire 70(3), 206-210.
65. Eades SC. Overview of current laminitis research. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 26(1), 51-63.
    doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2010.01.001google scholar: lookup
66. Eades SC, Stokes AM, Johnson PJ, LeBlanc CJ, Ganjam VK, Buff PR, Moore RM. Serial alterations in digital hemodynamics and endothelin-1 immunoreactivity, platelet-neutrophil aggregation, and concentrations of nitric oxide, insulin, and glucose in blood obtained from horses following carbohydrate overload. American Journal of Veterinary Research 68(1), 87-94.
    doi: 10.2460/ajvr.68.1.87google scholar: lookup
67. Eivers SS, McGivney BA, Gu J, MacHugh DE, Katz LM, Hill EW. PGC-1 alpha encoded by the PPARGC1A gene regulates oxidative energy metabolism in equine skeletal muscle during exercise. Animal Genetics 43(2), 153-162.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02238.xgoogle scholar: lookup
68. Ellenberger C, Muller K, Schoon HA, Wilsher S, Allen WR. Histological and immunohistochemical characterization of equine anovulatory haemorrhagic follicles (AHFs). Reproduction in Domestic Animals 44(3), 395-405.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01085.xgoogle scholar: lookup
69. Emanueli C, Schratzberger P, Kirchmair R, Madeddu P. Paracrine control of vascularization and neurogenesis by neurotrophins. British Journal of Pharmacology 140(4), 614-619.
    doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705458google scholar: lookup
70. Esteves CL, Donadeu FX. Pericytes and their potential in regenerative medicine across species. Cytometry A 93(1), 50-59.
    doi: 10.1002/cyto.a.23243google scholar: lookup
71. Fagiani E, Christofori G. Angiopoietins in angiogenesis. Cancer Letters 328(1), 18-26.
    doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.08.018google scholar: lookup
72. Faleiros RR, Leise BB, Westerman T, Yin C, Nuovo GJ, Belknap JK. In vivo and in vitro evidence of the involvement of CXCL1, a keratinocyte-derived chemokine, in equine laminitis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 23(5), 1086-1096.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0349.xgoogle scholar: lookup
73. Ferreira-Dias G, Bravo PP, Mateus L, Redmer DA, Medeiros JA. Microvascularization and angiogenic activity of equine corpora lutea throughout the estrous cycle. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 30(4), 247-259.
    doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.07.007google scholar: lookup
74. Ferreira-Dias G, Costa AS, Mateus L, Korzekwa A, Redmer DA, Skarzynski DJ. Nitric oxide stimulates progesterone and prostaglandin E-2 secretion as well as angiogenic activity in the equine corpus luteum. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 40(1), 1-9.
    doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.08.001google scholar: lookup
75. Ferreira-Dias G, Costa AS, Mateus L, Korzekwa A, Redmer DA, Skarzynski DJ. Proliferative processes within the equine corpus luteum may depend on paracrine progesterone actions. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 57, 139-151.
76. Ferreira-Dias G, Mateus L. The equine cyclic corpus luteum: Microvascularization, luteal cells characterization and function. Pferdeheilkunde 19(6), 585-588.
    doi: 10.21836/pem20030602google scholar: lookup
77. Ferreira-Dias G, Serrao PM, Durao JFC, Silva JR. Microvascular development and growth of uterine tissue during the estrous cycle in mares. American Journal of Veterinary Research 62(4), 526-530.
    doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.526google scholar: lookup
78. Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski DJ. Some aspects of regulation of luteal function and luteolysis in equine corpora lutea. Pferdeheilkunde 24(1), 10-14.
    doi: 10.21836/pem20080102google scholar: lookup
79. Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis: Therapeutic implications. The New England Journal of Medicine 285(21), 1182-1186.
    doi: 10.1056/nejm197111182852108google scholar: lookup
80. Fraser HM. Regulation of the ovarian follicular vasculature. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 4, 18.
    doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-4-18google scholar: lookup
81. Galvao A, Ferreira-Dias G, Skarzynski DJ. Cytokines and angiogenesis in the corpus luteum. Mediators of Inflammation 11, 1-11.
    doi: 10.1155/2013/420186google scholar: lookup
82. Galvao A, Henriques S, Pestka D, Lukasik K, Skarzynski D, Mateus LM, Ferreira-Dias G. Equine luteal function regulation may depend on the interaction between cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor: An in vitro study. Biology of Reproduction 86(6), 9.
    doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.097147google scholar: lookup
83. Galvao A, Tramontano A, Rebordao MR, Amaral A, Bravo PP, Szostek A, Ferreira-Dias G. Opposing roles of leptin and ghrelin in the equine corpus luteum regulation: An in vitro study. Mediators of Inflammation 13.
    doi: 10.1155/2014/682193google scholar: lookup
84. Galvão A, Valente L, Skarzynski DJ, Szóstek A, Piotrowska-Tomala K, Rebordão MR, Ferreira-Dias G. Effect of cytokines and ovarian steroids on equine endometrial function: An in vitro study. Reproduction Fertility and Development 25(7), 985-997.
    doi: 10.1071/rd12153google scholar: lookup
85. Gee E, Milkiewicz M, Haas TL. p38 MAPK activity is stimulated by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 activation and is essential for shear stress-induced angiogenesis. Journal of Cellular Physiology 222(1), 120-126.
    doi: 10.1002/jcp.21924google scholar: lookup
86. Gerhardt H, Golding M, Fruttiger M, Ruhrberg C, Lundkvist A, Abramsson A, Betsholtz C. VEGF guides angiogenic sprouting utilizing endothelial tip cell filopodia. Journal of Cell Biology 161(6), 1163-1177.
    doi: 10.1083/jcb.200302047google scholar: lookup
87. Ginther OJ, Gastal EL, Gastal MO, Checura CM, Beg MA. Dose-response study of intrafollicular injection of insulin-like growth factor-I on follicular fluid factors and follicle dominance in mares. Biology of Reproduction 70(4), 1063-1069.
    doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.024844google scholar: lookup
88. Gregg AJ, Schenkel AR. Cloning and structural analysis of equine platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM, CD31) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106). Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 122(3-4), 295-308.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.11.008google scholar: lookup
89. Ha TY, Kim HS, Shin T. Expression of constitutive endothelial, neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the testis and epididymis of horse. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 66(4), 351-356.
    doi: 10.1292/jvms.66.351google scholar: lookup
90. Hadi HA, Carr CS, Al Suwaidi J. Endothelial dysfunction: Cardiovascular risk factors, therapy, and outcome. Vascular Health and Risk Management 1(3), 183-198.
91. Hananehl WM, Ismail ZB, Alshehabat MA, Ali J. Review of animal models used to study effects of bee products on wound healing: Findings and applications. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 59(3), 425-431.
    doi: 10.1515/bvip-2015-0062google scholar: lookup
92. Hauck SM, Lepper MF, Hertl M, Sekundo W, Deeg CA. Proteome dynamics in biobanked horse peripheral blood derived lymphocytes (PBL) with induced autoimmune uveitis. Proteomics 17(19), 5.
    doi: 10.1002/pmic.201700013google scholar: lookup
93. Hedges JF, Demaula CD, Moore BD, McLaughlin BE, Simon SI, MacLachlan NJ. Characterization of equine E-selectin. Immunology 103(4), 498-504.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01262.xgoogle scholar: lookup
94. Heinzerling LM, Feige K, Rieder S, Akens MK, Dummer R, Stranzinger G, Moelling K. Tumor regression induced by intratumoral injection of DNA coding for human interleukin 12 into melanoma metastases in gray horses. Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany) 78(12), 692-702.
    doi: 10.1007/s001090000165google scholar: lookup
95. Hendzel MJ, Wei YI, Mancini MA, Van Hooser A, Ranalli T, Brinkley BR, Allis CD. Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of histone H3 initiates primarily within pericentromeric heterochromatin during G2 and spreads in an ordered fashion coincident with mitotic chromosome condensation. Chromosoma 106(6), 348-360.
    doi: 10.1007/s004120050256google scholar: lookup
96. Hofmaier F, Hauck SM, Amann B, Degroote RL, Deeg CA. Changes in matrix metalloproteinase network in a spontaneous autoimmune uveitis model. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 52(5), 2314-2320.
    doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6475google scholar: lookup
97. Hristov M, Erl W, Weber PC. Endothelial progenitor cells: Mobilization, differentiation, and homing. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 23(7), 1185-1189.
    doi: 10.1161/01.atv.0000073832.49290.b5google scholar: lookup
98. Huang H, Lavoie-Lamoureux A, Lavoie JP. Cholinergic stimulation attenuates the IL-4 induced expression of E-selectin and vascular endothelial growth factor by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 132(2-4), 116-121.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.05.003google scholar: lookup
99. Huang H, Lavoie-Lamoureux A, Moran K, Lavoie JP. IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 292(5), L1147-1154.
    doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00294.2006google scholar: lookup
100. Huntington P, Pollitt C, McGowan C. Recent Research into Laminitis. Advances in Equine Nutrition IV, 309-327.
101. Ipina Z, Lussier JG, Theoret CL. Nucleotide structure and expression of equine pigment epithelium-derived factor during repair of experimentally induced wounds in horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 70(1), 112-117.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.70.1.112google scholar: lookup
102. Johnson GC, Miller MA, Floss JL, Turk JR. Histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of hemangiomas in the skin of seven young horses. Veterinary Pathology 33(2), 142-149.
     doi: 10.1177/030098589603300203google scholar: lookup
103. Johnstone S, Barsova J, Campos I, Frampton AR. Equine herpesvirus type 1 modulates inflammatory host immune response genes in equine endothelial cells. Veterinary Microbiology 192, 52-59.
     doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.06.012google scholar: lookup
104. Kassmeyer S, Plendl J, Custodis P, Bahramsoltani M. New insights in vascular development: vasculogenesis and endothelial progenitor cells. Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 38(1), 1-11.
     doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2008.00894.xgoogle scholar: lookup
105. Katz LM, Bailey SR. A review of recent advances and current hypotheses on the pathogenesis of acute laminitis. Equine Veterinary Journal 44(6), 752-761.
     doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00664.xgoogle scholar: lookup
106. Katz LM, Marr CM, Elliott J. Characterisation of the response of equine digital arteries and veins to substance P. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 26(5), 361-368.
     doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2885.2003.00491.xgoogle scholar: lookup
107. Katz LM, Marr CM, Elliott J. Characterization of the responses of equine digital veins and arteries to calcitonin gene-related peptide. American Journal of Veterinary Research 72(7), 975-981.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.72.7.975google scholar: lookup
108. Khafaga AF, Abu-Ahmed HM, El-Khamary AN, Elmehasseb IM, Shaheen HM. Enhancement of equid distal limb wounds healing by topical application of silver nanoparticles. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 61, 76-87.
     doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.11.013google scholar: lookup
109. Klagsbrun M, D'Amore PA. Regulators of angiogenesis. Annual Review of Physiology 53, 217-239.
     doi: 10.1146/annurev.ph.53.030191.001245google scholar: lookup
110. Klein C. The role of relaxin in mare reproductive physiology: A comparative review with other species. Theriogenology 86(1), 451-456.
     doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.061google scholar: lookup
111. Knottenbelt DC. The equine sarcoid: Why are there so many treatment options?. The Veterinary clinics of North America: Equine Practice 35(2), 243-262.
     doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2019.03.006google scholar: lookup
112. Koch TG, Berg LC, Betts DH. Current and future regenerative medicine - Principles, concepts, and therapeutic use of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering in equine medicine. Canadian Veterinary Journal-Revue Veterinaire Canadienne 50(2), 155-165.
113. Kovac M, Litvin YA, Aliev RO, Zakirova EY, Rutland CS, Kiyasov AP, Rizvanov AA. Gene therapy using plasmid DNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor 164 and fibroblast growth factor 2 genes for the treatment of horse tendinitis and desmitis: Case reports. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 4, 168.
     doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00168google scholar: lookup
114. Kovac M, Litvin YA, Aliev RO, Zakirova EY, Rutland CS, Kiyasov AP, Rizvanov AA. Gene therapy using plasmid DNA encoding VEGF164 and FGF2 genes: a novel treatment of naturally occurring tendinitis and desmitis in horses. Frontiers in Pharmacology 9, 16.
     doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00978google scholar: lookup
115. Lamar CH, Turek JJ, Bottoms GD, Fessler JF. Equine endothelial cells in vitro. American Journal of Veterinary Research 47(4), 956-958.
116. Laval K, Favoreel HW, Poelaert KCK, Van Cleemput J, Nauwynck HJ. Equine herpesvirus type 1 enhances viral replication in CD172a(+) monocytic cells upon adhesion to endothelial cells. Journal of Virology 89(21), 10912-10923.
     doi: 10.1128/jvi.01589-15google scholar: lookup
117. Li XM, Hu Z, Jorgenson ML, Slayton WB. High levels of acetylated low-density lipoprotein uptake and low tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains-2 (Tie2) promoter activity distinguish sinusoids from other vessel types in murine bone marrow. Circulation 120(19), 1910-1918.
     doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.871574google scholar: lookup
118. Lienau J, Schell H, Duda GN, Seebeck P, Muchow S, Bail HJ. Initial vascularization and tissue differentiation are influenced by fixation stability. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 23(3), 639-645.
     doi: 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.09.006google scholar: lookup
119. Litvin YA, Zakirova EY, Zhuravleva MN, Rizvanov AA. Generation of plasmid DNA expressing species-specific horse VEGF164 and FGF2 factors for gene therapy. Bionanoscience 6(4), 550-553.
     doi: 10.1007/s12668-016-0273-2google scholar: lookup
120. Loftus JP, Black SJ, Pettigrew A, Abrahamsen EJ, Belknap JK. Early laminar events involving endothelial activation in horses with black walnut- induced laminitis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 68(11), 1205-1211.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.68.11.1205google scholar: lookup
121. MacEachern KE, Smith GL, Nolan AM. Methods for the isolation, culture and characterisation of equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Research in Veterinary Science 62(2), 147-152.
     doi: 10.1016/s0034-5288(97)90137-5google scholar: lookup
122. Maia VN, Batista AM, Neto SC, Silva DMF, Adriao M, Wischral A. Expression of angiogenic factors and luteinizing hormone receptors in the corpus luteum of mares induced to ovulate with deslorelin acetate. Theriogenology 85(3), 461-465.
     doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.025google scholar: lookup
123. Martano M, Power K, Restucci B, Pagano I, Altamura G, Borzacchiello G, Maiolino P. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in equine sarcoid. Bmc Veterinary Research 14, 9.
     doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1576-zgoogle scholar: lookup
124. Masaki T, Sawamura T. Endothelin and endothelial dysfunction. Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences 82(1), 17-24.
     doi: 10.2183/pjab.82.17google scholar: lookup
125. Matsuda Y, Hagio M, Ishiwata T. Nestin: A novel angiogenesis marker and possible target for tumor angiogenesis. World Journal of Gastroenterology 19(1), 42-48.
     doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i1.42google scholar: lookup
126. Meldolesi J. Exosomes and ectosomes in intercellular communication. Current Biology 28(8), R435-R444.
     doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.01.059google scholar: lookup
127. Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, Susman S, Marginean M, Mihu C, Istrate M, Mihu CM. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis. Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology 59(2), 455-467.
128. Menzies-Gow NJ, Bailey SR, Berhane Y, Brooks AC, Elliott J. Evaluation of the induction of vasoactive mediators from equine digital vein endothelial cells by endotoxin. American Journal of Veterinary Research 69(3), 349-355.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.69.3.349google scholar: lookup
129. Menzies-Gow NJ, Bailey SR, Katz LM, Marr CM, Elliott J. Endotoxin-induced digital vasoconstriction in horses: Associated changes in plasma concentrations of vasoconstrictor mediators. Equine Veterinary Journal 36(3), 273-278.
     doi: 10.2746/0425164044877260google scholar: lookup
130. Merkl M, Ulbrich SE, Otzdorff C, Herbach N, Wanke R, Wolf E, Bauersachs S. Microarray analysis of equine endometrium at days 8 and 12 of pregnancy. Biology of Reproduction 83(5), 874-886.
     doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.085233google scholar: lookup
131. Miragliotta V, Ipina Z, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Lussier JG, Theoret CL. Equine CTNNB1 and PECAM1 nucleotide structure and expression analyses in an experimental model of normal and pathological wound repair. BMC Physiology 8(1), 1.
     doi: 10.1186/1472-6793-8-1google scholar: lookup
132. Miragliotta V, Raphael K, Ipina Z, Lussier JG, Theoret CL. Equine thrombospondin II and secreted protein acidic and cysteine-rich in a model of normal and pathological wound repair. Physiological Genomics 38(2), 149-157.
     doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90383.2008google scholar: lookup
133. Moore BD, Balasuriya UB, Hedges JF, MacLachlan NJ. Growth characteristics of a highly virulent, a moderately virulent, and an avirulent strain of equine arteritis virus in primary equine endothelial cells are predictive of their virulence to horses. Virology 298(1), 39-44.
     doi: 10.1006/viro.2002.1466google scholar: lookup
134. Moore CP, Halenda RM, Grevan VLR, Collins BK. Post traumatic keratouveitis in horses. Equine Veterinary Journal 30(5), 366-372.
     doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04503.xgoogle scholar: lookup
135. Moore JS, Shaw C, Shaw E, Buechner-Maxwell V, Scarratt WK, Crisman M, Robertson J. Melanoma in horses: Current perspectives. Equine Veterinary Education 25(3), 144-151.
     doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00368.xgoogle scholar: lookup
136. Moore RM, Venugopalan CS, Sedrish SA, Holmes EP. Role of endothelium and nitric oxide in the in vitro response of equine colonic venous rings to vasoconstrictor agents. American Journal of Veterinary Research 58(10), 1145-1151.
137. Morgan R, Keen J, Halligan D, O’Callaghan A, Andrew R, Livingstone D, Hadoke P. Species-specific regulation of angiogenesis by glucocorticoids reveals contrasting effects on inflammatory and angiogenic pathways. PLoS One 13(2), 18.
     doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192746google scholar: lookup
138. Morgan RA, Keen JA, Walker BR, Hadoke PWF. Vascular dysfunction in horses with endocrinopathic laminitis. PLoS One 11(9), e0163815.
     doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163815google scholar: lookup
139. Muellerleile LM, Buxbaum B, Nell B, Fux DA. In-vitro binding analysis of anti-human vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies bevacizumab and aflibercept with canine, feline, and equine vascular endothelial growth factor. Research in Veterinary Science 124, 233-238.
     doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.03.018google scholar: lookup
140. Muller K, Ellenberger C, Hopper HO, Schoon HA. Immunohistochemical study of angiogenesis and angiogenic factors in equine granulosa cell tumours. Research in Veterinary Science 92(3), 471-477.
     doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.02.016google scholar: lookup
141. Muller K, Ellenberger C, Schoon HA. Histomorphological and immunohistochemical study of angiogenesis and angiogenic factors in the ovary of the mare. Research in Veterinary Science 87(3), 421-431.
     doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.04.011google scholar: lookup
142. Nagy JA, Dvorak HF. Heterogeneity of the tumor vasculature: The need for new tumor blood vessel type-specific targets. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 29(7), 657-662.
     doi: 10.1007/s10585-012-9500-6google scholar: lookup
143. Nowak-Sliwinska P, Alitalo K, Allen E, Anisimov A, Aplin AC, Auerbach R, Griffioen AW. Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays. Angiogenesis 21(3), 425-532.
     doi: 10.1007/s10456-018-9613-xgoogle scholar: lookup
144. O'Rourke F, Mandle T, Urbich C, Dimmeler S, Michaelis UR, Brandes RP, Kempf VAJ. Reprogramming of myeloid angiogenic cells by Bartonella henselae leads to microenvironmental regulation of pathological angiogenesis. Cellular Microbiology 17(10), 1447-1463.
     doi: 10.1111/cmi.12447google scholar: lookup
145. Otzen H, Sieme H, Oldenhof H, Kassens A, Ertmer F, Rode K, Meinecke B. Equine endometrial vascular pattern changes during the estrous cycle examined by Narrow Band Imaging hysteroscopy. Animal Reproduction Science 166, 80-89.
     doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.01.006google scholar: lookup
146. Palmer OR, Braybrooks GG, Cao AA, Diaz JA, Greve JM. Collateral vein dynamics in mouse models of venous thrombosis: Pathways consistent with humans. Thrombosis Research 182, 116-123.
     doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.08.018google scholar: lookup
147. Park MJ, Lee J, Byeon JS, Jeong DU, Gu NY, Cho IS, Cha SH. Effects of three-dimensional spheroid culture on equine mesenchymal stem cell plasticity. Veterinary Research Communications 42(3), 171-181.
     doi: 10.1007/s11259-018-9720-6google scholar: lookup
148. Pascucci L, Alessandri G, Dall'Aglio C, Mercati F, Coliolo P, Bazzucchi C, Ceccarelli P. Membrane vesicles mediate pro-angiogenic activity of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Veterinary Journal 202(2), 361-366.
     doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.021google scholar: lookup
149. Pearce JW, Janardhan KS, Caldwell S, Singh B. Angiostatin and integrin alpha v beta 3 in the feline, bovine, canine, equine, porcine and murine retina and cornea. Veterinary Ophthalmology 10(5), 313-319.
     doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2007.00560.xgoogle scholar: lookup
150. Peroni JF, Moore JN, Noschka E, Grafton ME, Aceves-Avila M, Lewis SJ, Robertson TP. Predisposition for venoconstriction in the equine laminar dermis: Implications in equine laminitis. Journal of Applied Physiology 100(3), 759-763.
     doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00794.2005google scholar: lookup
151. Peters EB. Endothelial progenitor cells for the vascularization of engineered tissues. Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews 24(1), 1-24.
     doi: 10.1089/ten.teb.2017.0127google scholar: lookup
152. Pichereau F, Decory M, Ramos GC. Autologous platelet concentrate as a treatment for horses with refractory fetlock osteoarthritis. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 34(4), 489-493.
     doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2013.10.004google scholar: lookup
153. Plendl J. Angiogenesis and vascular regression in the ovary. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 29(5), 257-266.
     doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0264.2000.00265.xgoogle scholar: lookup
154. Poredos P, Jezovnik MK. Endothelial dysfunction and venous thrombosis. Angiology 69(7), 564-567.
     doi: 10.1177/0003319717732238google scholar: lookup
155. Potente M, Carmeliet P. The link between angiogenesis and endothelial metabolism. Annual Review of Physiology 79, 43-66.
     doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105134google scholar: lookup
156. Rajashekhar G, Willuweit A, Patterson CE, Sun P, Hilbig A, Breier G, Clauss M. Continuous endothelial cell activation increases angiogenesis: Evidence for the direct role of endothelium linking angiogenesis and inflammation. Journal of Vascular Research 43(2), 193-204.
     doi: 10.1159/000090949google scholar: lookup
157. Rajendran P, Rengarajan T, Thangavel J, Nishigaki Y, Sakthisekaran D, Sethi G, Nishigaki I. The vascular endothelium and human diseases. International Journal of Biological Sciences 9(10), 1057-1069.
     doi: 10.7150/ijbs.7502google scholar: lookup
158. Redmer DA, Reynolds LP. Angiogenesis in the ovary. Reviews of Reproduction 1(3), 182-192.
     doi: 10.1530/ror.0.0010182google scholar: lookup
159. Ribatti D, Vacca A, Nico B, Roncali L, Dammacco F. Postnatal vasculogenesis. Mechanisms of Development 100(2), 157-163.
     doi: 10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00522-0google scholar: lookup
160. Rieger J, Hopperdietzel C, Kaessmeyer S, Slosarek I, Diecke S, Richardson K, Plendl J. Human and equine endothelial cells in a live cell imaging scratch assay in vitro. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 70(4), 495-509.
     doi: 10.3233/ch-189316google scholar: lookup
161. Risau W. Mechanisms of angiogenesis. Nature 386(6626), 671-674.
     doi: 10.1038/386671a0google scholar: lookup
162. Rosenberg JB, Greengard JS, Montgomery RR. Genetic induction of a releasable pool of factor VIII in human endothelial cells. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, Vascular Biology 20(12), 2689-2695.
     doi: 10.1161/01.atv.20.12.2689google scholar: lookup
163. Roussel F, Dalion J. Lectins as markers of endothelial-cells - comparative-study between human and animal-cells. Laboratory Animals 22(2), 135-140.
     doi: 10.1258/002367788780864457google scholar: lookup
164. Rundhaug JE. Matrix metalloproteinases and angiogenesis. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 9(2), 267-285.
     doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2005.tb00355.xgoogle scholar: lookup
165. Salter MM, Seeto WJ, DeWitt BB, Hashimi SA, Schwartz DD, Lipke EA, Wooldridge AA. Characterization of endothelial colony-forming cells from peripheral blood samples of adult horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 76(2), 174-187.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.76.2.174google scholar: lookup
166. Sayasith K, Sirois J. Expression and regulation of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and chemokine CXC motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) in equine and bovine preovulatory follicles. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 391(1-2), 10-21.
     doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.04.009google scholar: lookup
167. Schroder K. Redox Control of Angiogenesis. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling 30(7), 960-971.
     doi: 10.1089/ars.2017.7429google scholar: lookup
168. Seeto WJ, Tian Y, Winter RL, Caldwell FJ, Wooldridge AA, Lipke EA. Encapsulation of equine endothelial colony forming cells in highly uniform, injectable hydrogel microspheres for local cell delivery. Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods 23(11), 815-825.
     doi: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0233google scholar: lookup
169. Shank AMM, Teixeria LBC, Dubielzig RR. Canine, feline, and equine corneal vascular neoplasia: A retrospective study (2007-2015). Veterinary Ophthalmology 22(1), 76-87.
     doi: 10.1111/vop.12571google scholar: lookup
170. Sharma S, Sharma MC, Sarkar C. Morphology of angiogenesis in human cancer: A conceptual overview, histoprognostic perspective and significance of neoangiogenesis. Histopathology 46(5), 481-489.
     doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02142.xgoogle scholar: lookup
171. Sharpe AN, Seeto WJ, Winter RL, Zhong Q, Lipke EA, Wooldridge AA. Isolation of endothelial colony-forming cells from blood samples collected from the jugular and cephalic veins of healthy adult horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research 77(10), 1157-1165.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.77.10.1157google scholar: lookup
172. Shi X, Zhang W, Yin L, Chilian WM, Krieger J, Zhang P. Vascular precursor cells in tissue injury repair. Translational Research: The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 184, 77-100.
     doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.02.002google scholar: lookup
173. Siemerink MJ, Klaassen I, Vogels IM, Griffioen AW, Van Noorden CJ, Schlingemann RO. CD34 marks angiogenic tip cells in human vascular endothelial cell cultures. Angiogenesis 15(1), 151-163.
     doi: 10.1007/s10456-011-9251-zgoogle scholar: lookup
174. Silva LA, Klein C, Ealy AD, Sharp DC. Conceptus-mediated endometrial vascular changes during early pregnancy in mares: An anatomic, histomorphometric, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor system immunolocalization and gene expression study. Reproduction 142(4), 593-603.
     doi: 10.1530/rep-11-0149google scholar: lookup
175. Silver K, Desormaux A, Freeman LC, Lillich JD. Expression of pleiotrophin, an important regulator of cell migration, is inhibited in intestinal epithelial cells by treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Growth Factors 30(4), 258-266.
     doi: 10.3109/08977194.2012.693920google scholar: lookup
176. Simons M. Angiogenesis: Where do we stand now?. Circulation 111(12), 1556-1566.
     doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000159345.00591.8fgoogle scholar: lookup
177. Spiesschaert B, Goldenbogen B, Taferner S, Schade M, Mahmoud M, Klipp E, Azab W. Role of gB and pUS3 in Equine Herpesvirus 1 transfer between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and endothelial cells: A dynamic in vitro model. Journal of Virology 89(23), 11899-11908.
     doi: 10.1128/jvi.01809-15google scholar: lookup
178. Stokes AM, Venugopal CS, Hosgood G, Eades SC, Moore RM. Comparison of 2 endothelin-receptor antagonists on in vitro responses of equine palmar digital arterial and venous rings to endothelin-1. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research = Revue Canadienne De Recherche Vétérinaire 70(3), 197-205.
179. Tang DG, Conti CJ. Endothelial cell development, vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor neovascularization: An update. Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 30(1), 109-117.
     doi: 10.1055/s-2004-822975google scholar: lookup
180. Tasev D, Koolwijk P, van Hinsbergh VWM. Therapeutic potential of human-derived endothelial colony-forming cells in animal models. Tissue Engineering Part B-Reviews 22(5), 371-382.
     doi: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0050google scholar: lookup
181. Tejero J, Shiva S, Gladwin MT. Sources of vascular nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species and their regulation. Physiological Reviews 99(1), 311-379.
     doi: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2017google scholar: lookup
182. Teubner A, Muller K, Bartmann CP, Sieme H, Klug E, Zingrebe B, Schoon HA. Effects of an anabolic steroid (Durateston) on testicular angiogenesis in peripubertal stallions. Theriogenology 84(3), 323-332.
     doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.022google scholar: lookup
183. Theoret CL. Wound repair in the horse: Problems and proposed innovative solutions. Clinical Techniques in Equine Practice 3(2), 134-140.
     doi: 10.1053/j.ctep.2004.08.010google scholar: lookup
184. Tracey AK, Alcott CJ, Schleining JA, Safayi S, Zaback PC, Hostetter JM, Reinertson EL. The effects of topical oxygen therapy on equine distal limb dermal wound healing. Canadian Veterinary Journal-Revue Veterinaire Canadienne 55(12), 1146-1152.
185. Turek JJ, Lamar CH, Fessler JF, Bottoms GD. Ultrastructure of equine endothelial cells exposed to endotoxin and flunixin meglumine and equine neutrophils. American Journal of Veterinary Research 48(9), 1363-1366.
186. Venugopal CS, Holmes EP, Koch CE, Curtis LA, Holm AS, Moore RM. In vitro pharmacologic effect of two endothelin-1 antagonists on equine colonic arteries and veins. American Journal of Veterinary Research 62(2), 154-159.
     doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.154google scholar: lookup
187. Wakelin KA. Viral proteins as novel therapeutics in chronic horse wounds. (Bachelor of Biomedical Sciences with Honours Thesis). University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
188. Wakelin KA, Wise LM, Bodaan CJ, Mercer AA, Riley CB, Theoret CL. Orf virus interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor-E modulate gene expression in cultured equine dermal fibroblasts. Veterinary Dermatology 27(5), 434-e114.
     doi: 10.1111/vde.12370google scholar: lookup
189. Wang R, Chadalavada K, Wilshire J, Kowalik U, Hovinga KE, Geber A, Tabar V. Glioblastoma stem-like cells give rise to tumour endothelium. Nature 468(7325), 829-U128.
     doi: 10.1038/nature09624google scholar: lookup
190. Watson ED, Ai-zi'abi MO. Characterization of morphology and angiogenesis in follicles of mares during spring transition and the breeding season. Reproduction 124(2), 227-234.
     doi: 10.1530/reprod/124.2.227google scholar: lookup
191. Watson EC, Grant ZL, Coultas L. Endothelial cell apoptosis in angiogenesis and vessel regression. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 74(24), 4387-4403.
     doi: 10.1007/s00018-017-2577-ygoogle scholar: lookup
192. Wessels JM, Wu L, Leyland NA, Wang HM, Foster WG. The brain-uterus connection: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor (Ntrk2) are conserved in the mammalian uterus. PLoS One 9(4), 10.
     doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094036google scholar: lookup
193. Wilmink JM, van Weeren PR. Second-intention repair in the horse and pony and management of exuberant granulation tissue. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice 21(1), 15-32.
     doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2004.11.014google scholar: lookup
194. Winter RL, Seeto WJ, Tian Y, Caldwell FJ, Lipke EA, Wooldridge AA. Growth and function of equine endothelial colony forming cells labeled with semiconductor quantum dots. BMC Veterinary Research 14(1), 247.
     doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1572-3google scholar: lookup
195. Winter RL, Tian Y, Caldwell FJ, Seeto WJ, Koehler JW, Pascoe DA, Wooldridge AA. Cell engraftment, vascularization, and inflammation after treatment of equine distal limb wounds with endothelial colony forming cells encapsulated within hydrogel microspheres. BMC Veterinary Research 16(1), 43.
     doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-2269-ygoogle scholar: lookup
196. Wise LM, Bodaan CJ, Stuart GS, Real NC, Lateef Z, Mercer AA, Theoret CL. Treatment of limb wounds of horses with orf virus IL-10 and VEGF-E accelerates resolution of exuberant granulation tissue, but does not prevent its development. PLoS One 13(5), 20.
     doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197223google scholar: lookup
197. Wunn D, Wardrop KJ, Meyers K, Kramer J, Ragle C. Culture and characterization of equine terminal arch endothelial cells and hoof keratinocytes. American Journal of Veterinary Research 60(1), 128-132.
198. Xing D, Li P, Gong K, Yang Z, Yu H, Hage FG, Chen Y-F. Endothelial cells overexpressing interleukin-8 receptors reduce inflammatory and neointimal responses to arterial injury. Circulation 125(12), 1533-U1232.
     doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.078436google scholar: lookup
199. Yano A, Fujii Y, Iwai A, Kageyama Y, Kihara K. Glucocorticoids suppress tumor angiogenesis and in vivo growth of prostate cancer cells. Clinical Cancer Research: An Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 12(10), 3003-3009.
     doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-2085google scholar: lookup
200. Yoo SY, Kwon SM. Angiogenesis and its therapeutic opportunities. Mediators of Inflammation 2013, 1-11.
     doi: 10.1155/2013/127170google scholar: lookup
201. Zecchin A, Kalucka J, Dubois C, Carmeliet P. How endothelial cells adapt their metabolism to form vessels in tumors. Frontiers in Immunology 8, 1750.
     doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01750google scholar: lookup
202. Zhou YJ, Yan H, Guo MQ, Zhu JH, Xiao QZ, Zhang L. Reactive oxygen species in vascular formation and development. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2013, 374963.
     doi: 10.1155/2013/374963google scholar: lookup
203. Zipplies JK, Hauck SM, Schoeffmann S, Amann B, van der Meijden CH, Stangassinger M, Deeg CA. Kininogen in autoimmune uveitis: Decrease in peripheral blood stream versus increase in target tissue. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 51(1), 375-382.
     doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-4094google scholar: lookup
204. Zizzadoro C, Caruso M, Putignano C, Crescenzo G, Ormas P, Belloli C. Effects of endotoxin and influence of cyclooxygenase-2 on beta-adrenergic mediated relaxation in isolated equine digital artery. The Veterinary Journal 190(2), e48-e53.
     doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.03.006google scholar: lookup

Citations

1. Sawicki S, Bugno-Poniewierska M, Żurowski J, Szmatoła T, Semik-Gurgul E, Bochenek M, Karnas E, Gurgul A. Comparative Transcriptome and MicroRNA Profiles of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Fibroblasts, and Their Extracellular Vesicles. Genes (Basel) 2025 Aug 5;16(8).
   doi: 10.3390/genes16080936pubmed: 40869984google scholar: lookup
2. Zhao M, Zhou J, Hu Y, Wang X, An J, Liu M, Zhang P, Zhang X, Wang J, Jin X, Xi M, Li J. Defective Endothelial Glutaminolysis Contributes to Impaired Angiogenesis and Poor Ischemic Tissue Repair in Diabetes. Research (Wash D C) 2025;8:0706.
   doi: 10.34133/research.0706pubmed: 40405912google scholar: lookup
3. Abrashev H, Abrasheva D, Nikolov N, Ananiev J, Georgieva E. A Systematic Review of Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Venous Disease-Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Shear Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2025 Apr 12;26(8).
   doi: 10.3390/ijms26083660pubmed: 40332237google scholar: lookup
4. Chen T, Wang K, Sun Z. New insights into the role of ubiquitination in angiogenesis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2025 Feb;55(2).
   doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5473pubmed: 39704208google scholar: lookup
5. Lessiak U, Melchert M, Walter I, Kummer S, Nell B, Tschulenk W, Pratscher B. Isolation-protocol, characterization, and in-vitro performance of equine umbilical vein endothelial cells. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1421946.
   doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1421946pubmed: 39411390google scholar: lookup
6. Finding EJT, Faulkner A, Nash L, Wheeler-Jones CPD. Equine Endothelial Cells Show Pro-Angiogenic Behaviours in Response to Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 but Not Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A. Int J Mol Sci 2024 May 30;25(11).
   doi: 10.3390/ijms25116017pubmed: 38892205google scholar: lookup
7. Lessiak U, Pratscher B, Tichy A, Nell B. Bevacizumab Efficiently Inhibits VEGF-Associated Cellular Processes in Equine Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells: An In Vitro Characterization. Vet Sci 2023 Oct 26;10(11).
   doi: 10.3390/vetsci10110632pubmed: 37999456google scholar: lookup
8. Erkılınç G, Yasan H, Kumbul YÇ, Sivrice ME, Durgun M. Expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen in the neovasculature of primary tumors and lymph node metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. J Pathol Transl Med 2022 May;56(3):134-143.
   doi: 10.4132/jptm.2022.02.22pubmed: 35501674google scholar: lookup
9. Marycz K, Pielok A, Kornicka-Garbowska K. Equine Hoof Stem Progenitor Cells (HPC) CD29 + /Nestin + /K15 + - a Novel Dermal/epidermal Stem Cell Population With a Potential Critical Role for Laminitis Treatment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021 Aug;17(4):1478-1485.
   doi: 10.1007/s12015-021-10187-xpubmed: 34037924google scholar: lookup
10. Wang P, Sun Y, Shi X, Shen H, Ning H, Liu H. 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds: a focus on vascular regeneration. Biodes Manuf 2021;4(2):344-378.
    doi: 10.1007/s42242-020-00109-0pubmed: 33425460google scholar: lookup