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Vaccine2021; 39(23); 3161-3168; doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.034

Entry-competent-replication-abortive African horse sickness virus strains elicit robust immunity in ponies against all serotypes.

Abstract: African horse sickness virus (AHSV) is an Orbivirus within the Reoviridae family, spread by Culicoides species of midges, which infects equids with high mortality, particularly in horses and has a considerable impact on the equine industry. In order to control the disease, we previously described Entry Competent Replication Abortive (ECRA) virus strains for each of the nine distinct AHSV serotypes and demonstrated their potential as vaccines, first in type I interferon receptor (IFNAR-/-) knockout mice, and then in ponies. In this report we have investigated whether or not a combination ECRA vaccine comprising nine vaccine strains as two different cocktails is as efficient in ponies and the duration of the immunity triggered by ECRA vaccines. In one study, a group of ponies were vaccinated with a cocktail of 4 vaccine strains, followed by a vaccination of the remaining 5 vaccine strains, mimicking the current live attenuated vaccine regimen. In the second study, ponies were vaccinated with a single ECRA-AHSV strain and monitored for 6 months. The first group of ponies developed neutralising antibody responses against all 9 serotypes, indicating that no cross-serotype interference occurred, while the second group developed robust neutralising antibody responses against the single serotype that were sustained at the same level throughout a 6-month study. The results support our previous data and further validate ECRA vaccines as a safe and efficacious replacement of current live vaccines.
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2021-05-03 PubMed ID: 33958224PubMed Central: PMC8158431DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.034Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article deals with testing a vaccine approach for African horse sickness virus (AHSV), a disease that affects horses and leads to high mortality rates. The researchers tested a cocktail vaccine in ponies and found that it produced a strong immune response against all nine known serotypes of the virus.

Understanding African Horse Sickness Virus

  • African Horse Sickness Virus (AHSV) is an Orbivirus, part of the Reoviridae family.
  • It is transmitted through the bites of certain midge species, specifically from the Culicoides genus.
  • AHSV causes high mortality rates in equines, especially horses, posing a significant threat to the equine industry.

Entry Competent Replication Abortive (ECRA) Vaccines

  • A prior study described Entry Competent Replication Abortive (ECRA) virus strains for each of AHSV’s nine distinct serotypes.
  • The ECRA strains are engineered to enter cells and initiate infection but do not complete the replication cycle.
  • These ECRA virus strains were demonstrated as potential vaccine candidates.

Study Methodology

  • In one phase of the study, ponies were vaccinated with a cocktail of four ECRA virus strains, and then vaccinated with the remaining five ECRA strains, simulating the current live attenuated vaccine regimen.
  • In a separate phase, ponies were vaccinated with a single ECRA-AHSV strain and monitored for six months.

Study Findings

  • The group of ponies that received the cocktail of ECRA strains developed neutralizing antibody responses against all nine AHSV serotypes, indicating that there was no cross-serotype interference.
  • The ponies that were vaccinated with a single ECRA-AHSV strain developed strong neutralizing antibody responses against the single serotype that were sustained at consistent levels over a six-month period.

Implications of the Study

  • The results demonstrate the efficacy of ECRA vaccines as a potential replacement for current live vaccines against AHSV.
  • These findings offer potential for improving the prevention and control of AHSV in the equine industry.

Cite This Article

APA
Sullivan E, Lecollinet S, Kerviel A, Hue E, Pronost S, Beck C, Dumarest M, Zientara S, Roy P. (2021). Entry-competent-replication-abortive African horse sickness virus strains elicit robust immunity in ponies against all serotypes. Vaccine, 39(23), 3161-3168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.034

Publication

Vaccine
ISSN: 1873-2518
NlmUniqueID: 8406899
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 39
Issue: 23
Pages: 3161-3168

Researcher Affiliations

Sullivan, Edward
  • Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Lecollinet, Sylvie
  • Université Paris-Est ANSES Alfort, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES, INRA, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Kerviel, Adeline
  • Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Hue, Erika
  • LABÉO Frank Duncombe, 14280 Saint-Contest, France; BIOTARGEN, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France.
Pronost, Stéphane
  • LABÉO Frank Duncombe, 14280 Saint-Contest, France; BIOTARGEN, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France.
Beck, Cécile
  • Université Paris-Est ANSES Alfort, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES, INRA, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Dumarest, Marine
  • Université Paris-Est ANSES Alfort, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES, INRA, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Zientara, Stephan
  • Université Paris-Est ANSES Alfort, UMR 1161 Virologie ANSES, INRA, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Roy, Polly
  • Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom. Electronic address: polly.roy@lshtm.ac.uk.

MeSH Terms

  • African Horse Sickness / prevention & control
  • African Horse Sickness Virus / genetics
  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Mice
  • Serogroup
  • Vaccines, Attenuated
  • Viral Vaccines

Grant Funding

  • BB/F02049X/1 / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
  • BB/R005567/1 / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Conflict of Interest Statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Bekker S, Potgieter CA, van Staden V, Theron J. Investigating the Role of African Horse Sickness Virus VP7 Protein Crystalline Particles on Virus Replication and Release. Viruses 2022 Oct 4;14(10).
    doi: 10.3390/v14102193pubmed: 36298748google scholar: lookup
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