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Parasitology research2023; 122(3); 749-767; doi: 10.1007/s00436-022-07765-4

Epidemiological study on factors influencing the occurrence of helminth eggs in horses in Germany based on sent-in diagnostic samples.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal nematodes are ubiquitous parasites of grazing equines with Parascaris spp., and strongyles being the most relevant ones regarding the prevalence and potential disease severity. Despite their importance, epidemiological data regarding the presence and egg-shedding intensities of these parasites are scarce. Data from 1067 horse samples collected on German horse farms initially to compare diagnostic methods were used for epidemiological analyses. Due to its higher sensitivity, presence/absence data were based on a combined sedimentation/flotation technique while faecal egg counts were based on Mini-FLOTAC. For strongyles, 46.5% of the samples were positive and the median egg-shedding intensity was 40 (range 5-2590). In multivariate analyses, prevalence and egg-shedding intensity were significantly influenced by season, age group and sample type. The drug used for the last treatment and the number of foals on the yard only affected prevalence while the number of horses on the yard and sex were only significant for egg-shedding intensity. For Parascaris spp., a prevalence of 4.6% and a median egg-shedding intensity of 0 (range 5-905) were observed. In multivariate analyses, the age group, the time since the last anthelmintic treatment, presence and number of foals had significant effects on ascarid prevalence whereas egg-shedding intensity was significantly influenced by age group and season only. Parascaris occurred only on yards with foals, but with an increasing number of foals, Parascaris egg-shedding intensity decreased. Prevalence and egg-shedding intensity were influenced by different but partially overlapping variables for Parascaris and strongyles.
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Publication Date: 2023-01-11 PubMed ID: 36627515PubMed Central: PMC9988789DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07765-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study examines the factors that influence the incidence of helminth eggs (parasitic worms) in horses in Germany, focusing on Parascaris spp. and strongyles, and reveals that various factors including season, age, and presence of foals significantly affect the prevalence and egg-shedding intensity of these parasites.

Overview of the Study

  • This research involved the analysis of data from 1067 horse samples from German horse farms that were initially collected to compare diagnostic methods. The horses were tested for two kinds of worms: Parascaris spp. and strongyles.
  • The researchers used a combined sedimentation/flotation technique to determine the presence or absence of the worm eggs, and the Mini-FLOTAC test to count the number of worm eggs shed in faeces.
  • It was found that 46.5% of the horses tested positive for strongyles, and the median egg-shedding intensity was 40.
  • For Parascaris spp., a prevalence of 4.6% was observed with a median egg-shedding intensity of 0.

Findings of the Study

  • The study revealed that factors such as season, age of the horse, and type of sample significantly impact the prevalence and intensity of egg shedding in case of strongyles.
  • The drug used for the last treatment and the number of foals on the horse farm were found to be significant for the prevalence of strongyles. Whereas, the number of horses on the farm and their sex influenced the egg-shedding intensity.
  • For Parascaris spp., factors like age, time since the last anti-parasitic treatment, existence and number of foals on the farm played significant roles in the prevalence of the parasite.
  • Interestingly, the intensity of egg shedding for Parascaris is significantly influenced only by the age of the horse and the season.
  • The study interestingly revealed that only horse farms with foals had instances of Parascaris. The intensity of Parascaris egg-shedding decreased as the number of foals increased.
  • The prevalence and egg-shedding intensity were influenced by different, albeit partially overlapping, variables for Parascaris and strongyles.

Implication of the Study

  • This study contributes to the existing scarce epidemiological data about the presence and egg-shedding intensities of parasites in horses, particularly the strongyles and Parascaris spp.
  • The findings could help farmers and veterinarians manage and prevent parasitic infections in horses by taking into account the factors identified in this study that significantly affect the prevalence and egg-shedding intensity of these parasites.

Cite This Article

APA
Boelow H, Krücken J, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. (2023). Epidemiological study on factors influencing the occurrence of helminth eggs in horses in Germany based on sent-in diagnostic samples. Parasitol Res, 122(3), 749-767. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-022-07765-4

Publication

Parasitology research
ISSN: 1432-1955
NlmUniqueID: 8703571
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 122
Issue: 3
Pages: 749-767

Researcher Affiliations

Boelow, Heike
  • Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-Von-Ostertag-Str. 7, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
Krücken, Jürgen
  • Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-Von-Ostertag-Str. 7, 14163, Berlin, Germany. juergen.kruecken@fu-berlin.de.
von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg
  • Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-Von-Ostertag-Str. 7, 14163, Berlin, Germany.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Ascaridida Infections / diagnosis
  • Ascaridida Infections / epidemiology
  • Ascaridida Infections / veterinary
  • Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
  • Epidemiologic Studies
  • Helminths
  • Feces / parasitology
  • Ascaridoidea
  • Parasite Egg Count / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Elghandour MMMY, Maggiolino A, Vázquez-Mendoza P, Alvarado-Ramírez ER, Cedillo-Monroy J, De Palo P, Salem AZM. Moringa oleifera as a Natural Alternative for the Control of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Equines: A Review.. Plants (Basel) 2023 May 8;12(9).
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