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BMC veterinary research2014; 10; 11; doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-11

Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training.

Abstract: There is a substantial paucity of studies concerning musculoskeletal injuries in harness Standardbred racehorses. Specifically, little is known about the epidemiology of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries. Most studies on this subject involve Thoroughbred racehorses, whose biomechanics and racing speed differ from Standardbred, making comparisons difficult. Here, a population of Standardbred racehorses trained at the same racecourse was studied over four years and a classification system for exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries was designed. The incidence rates of musculoskeletal injuries causing horses' withdrawal from training for 15 days or longer were investigated. A mixed-effects Poisson regression model was used to estimate musculoskeletal injury rates and to describe significance of selected risk factors for exercise-related injuries in this population. Results: A total of 356 trotter racehorses from 10 different stables contributed 8961 months at risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Four-hundred-and-twenty-nine injuries were reported and classified into 16 categories, based on their aetiology and anatomical localisation. The overall exercise-related injury rate was 4.79 per 100 horse months. When considering risk factors one by one in separate univariable analyses, we obtained the following results: rates did not differ significantly between genders and classes of age, whereas one driver seemed to cause fewer injuries than the others. Racing speed and racing intensity, as well as recent medical history, seemed to be significant risk factors (p < 0.001), while being shod or unshod during racing was not. On the other hand, when pooling several risk factors in a multivariable approach, only racing intensity turned out to be significant (p < 0.001), since racing speed and the racing intensity were partially confounded, being strongly correlated to one another. Conclusions: Characterizing epidemiology of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries in trotter racehorses provides baseline incidence rate values. Incidence rates of stress fracture are lower in Standardbreds compared to Thoroughbreds, whereas the opposite is true for tendon and suspensory ligament injuries. In addition to identification of risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among Standardbred racehorses, results suggest that racing intensity seems to be a protective predictor of risk and recent medical history could be used to identify horses at risk of injury.
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Publication Date: 2014-01-10 PubMed ID: 24410888PubMed Central: PMC3922780DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-11Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article provides an in-depth analysis of musculoskeletal injuries in harness Standardbred racehorses, which have been scarcely studied before. It establishes the incidence rate and risk factors for these injuries, seeking to fill this research gap and ultimately benefit the welfare of these racehorses.

Research Design and Methodology

  • The researchers focused on a specific group of Standardbred racehorses, all trained at the same racecourse, over a period of four years.
  • The study innovatively designed a classification system for exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries that these horses incurred, paying attention to injuries serious enough to warrant withdrawal from training for a minimum of 15 days.
  • A mixed-effects Poisson regression model was utilized to determine incidence rates of these injuries and evaluate relevance of certain risk factors associated with them. This statistical model helped in generating meaningful insights through comprehensive analysis.

Findings of the Research

  • The study had broad coverage with 356 trotter racehorses from 10 training stables contributing a sum of 8961 months at potential risk of musculoskeletal injuries.
  • A total of 429 injuries were reported during the study period and these were categorized into 16 different classes based on their origin and location within the horse’s body.
  • The determined overall injury rate stemming from exercise was 4.79 per every 100 horse months.
  • When scrutinizing risk factors individually, the research found no significant difference between genders and age classes in terms of injury rates. However, one driver was found to cause less injuries compared to others, hinting at possible impact of training techniques.
  • Racing speed, racing intensity, and the horse’s recent medical history emerged as significant risk factors, while the decision to race the horse shod (with horseshoes) or unshod (without horseshoes) did not impact injury rates significantly.
  • The study also discovered that when the risk factors were combined in a multivariable analysis, only racing intensity remained significantly impactful, revealing the need to scrutinize its correlation to speed and injury rates further.

Conclusions and Implications

  • The research provides vital epidemiological data for exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries in trotter racehorses, furnishing baseline incidence rate values.
  • A comparison with Thoroughbreds revealed lower stress fracture rates for Standardbreds, but higher rates for tendon and suspensory ligament injuries.
  • The identification of risk factors could inform strategies to manage musculoskeletal injuries among Standardbred racehorses, with the research suggesting that racing intensity could be a protective predictor, and recent medical history could potentially predict injury risk.

Cite This Article

APA
Bertuglia A, Bullone M, Rossotto F, Gasparini M. (2014). Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training. BMC Vet Res, 10, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-11

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 10
Pages: 11

Researcher Affiliations

Bertuglia, Andrea
  • Department of Veterinary Science, Università di Torino, via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, (TO), Italy. andrea.bertuglia@unito.it.
Bullone, Michela
    Rossotto, Federica
      Gasparini, Mauro

        MeSH Terms

        • Age Factors
        • Animals
        • Female
        • Fractures, Bone / veterinary
        • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
        • Horses / injuries
        • Ligaments / injuries
        • Male
        • Physical Conditioning, Animal
        • Retrospective Studies
        • Risk Factors
        • Sports

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