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The British veterinary journal1992; 148(3); 181-197; doi: 10.1016/0007-1935(92)90044-2

Equine arteritis virus: an overview.

Abstract: The causative agent of the respiratory disease equine viral arteritis is a small, single-stranded RNA virus with a genome organization and replication strategy related to that of coronaviruses and toroviruses. Clinical signs of infection in horses vary widely and severe infection can lead to pregnant mares aborting. Infected horses generally make good recoveries but stallions may become semen shedders of equine arteritis virus (EAV). These carrier stallions play an important role in the dissemination and perpetuation of EAV. Laboratory tests exist to detect virus and the equine immune response to infection. However, vaccines are not currently licensed in the UK to combat viral arteritis, the incidence of which may increase due to changes in European legislation.
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Publication Date: 1992-05-01 PubMed ID: 1319787PubMed Central: PMC7130166DOI: 10.1016/0007-1935(92)90044-2Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research provides an overview on Equine arteritis virus (EAV), a respiratory disease in horses caused by a small, single-stranded RNA virus. It focuses on the clinical signs of the disease, its impact on stallions and pregnant mares, as well as available laboratory tests and the lack of licensed vaccines in the UK.

Equine arteritis virus and its effects

Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a disease caused by the equine arteritis virus (EAV), a small, single-stranded RNA virus, which contains characteristics similar to both coronaviruses and toroviruses in terms of genome organization and replication strategy. The clinical signs of EAV infection in horses can vary extensively, with severe infections leading to abortions in pregnant mares.

  • Most infected horses tend to recover well from the disease.
  • However, there is a significant exception in the case of stallions, which can become persistent carriers of the virus, shedding it through their semen.

Role of Stallions in Dissemination of EAV

These stallions that become carriers of EAV play a critical role in the spread and maintenance of the virus within horse populations.

Laboratory Testing for EAV

There are several laboratory tests available that can detect the presence of EAV and the equine immune response to the infection. This implies that the virus can be diagnosed efficiently within a clinical setting.

Lack of Vaccines for EAV in the UK

Despite the existence of laboratory tests, there are no currently licensed vaccines to prevent EAV in the United Kingdom. The researchers note that this deficiency, paired with possible changes in European legislation, could lead to an increased incidence of the disease locally.

Conclusion

The authors of this study emphasize the need for further research to address the gap in the healthcare provision for horses in the UK, particularly in relation to preventive measures for EAV. The potential risk posed by carrier stallions emphasizes the need for regular testing and measures to prevent viral shedding and subsequent spread of the virus in horse populations.

Cite This Article

APA
Chirnside ED. (1992). Equine arteritis virus: an overview. Br Vet J, 148(3), 181-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(92)90044-2

Publication

The British veterinary journal
ISSN: 0007-1935
NlmUniqueID: 0372554
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 148
Issue: 3
Pages: 181-197

Researcher Affiliations

Chirnside, E D
  • Department of Infectious Diseases, Animal Health Trust, Suffolk.

MeSH Terms

  • Abortion, Veterinary / microbiology
  • Animals
  • Arteritis / microbiology
  • Arteritis / veterinary
  • Equartevirus / genetics
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Pregnancy
  • Virus Diseases / microbiology
  • Virus Diseases / veterinary

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