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Equine malignant lymphomas: morphologic and immunohistochemical classification.
Abstract: Gross lesions, microscopic appearance, and immunophenotyping are reported in a retrospective study of 31 cases of equine malignant lymphoma. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Monoclonal antibodies to surface glycoprotein BLA.36 and intracytoplasmic domains of mb-1 and B29 were used to document the presence of B lymphocytes in the equine tumors. Polyclonal antibody to CD3 and monoclonal antibodies to T-lymphocyte markers CD3 and CD5 revealed the presence of variable numbers of T cells within the equine lymphomas. The neoplastic component of the equine lymphomas was determined through morphologic evaluation, immunophenotyping, and the use of proliferation markers Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Equine malignant lymphomas were composed of a heterogeneous cell population. Most tumors contained B and T lymphocytes. Twenty-four horses had diffuse lymphomas derived from B lymphocytes. Thirteen of these lymphomas contained primarily neoplastic B lymphocytes. Eleven additional cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma contained from 40% to 80% nonneoplastic T lymphocytes and were classified as T-cell-rich, large B-cell lymphomas. This is the first description of T-cell-rich, B-cell lymphoma in the horse. Six tumors with a diffuse architecture were derived from T lymphocytes. Four T-cell tumors were large-cell tumors, 1 was a small-cell tumor, and in 1 tumor the size of the cells could not be determined accurately because of autolytic change in the tissues. One diffuse large-cell lymphoma did not react with either B- or T-cell markers.
Publication Date: 1998-07-31 PubMed ID: 9684967DOI: 10.1177/030098589803500402Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research paper presents a retrospective study of 31 cases of malignant lymphoma in horses. The study leveraged immunohistochemical approaches with advanced techniques for categorizing the source and composition of the lymphomas. It was observed that equine malignant lymphomas comprise a heterogeneous mix of B and T lymphocytes. This research also identified a new type of T-cell-rich, B-cell lymphoma in horses for the first time.
Research Methodology
- The researchers used gross lesions, microscopic appearance, and immunophenotyping in their investigation.
- The study was performed on archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from horses.
- The presence of B lymphocytes in the equine tumors was verified using monoclonal antibodies to surface glycoprotein BLA.36 and intracytoplasmic domains of mb-1 and B29.
- Variable numbers of T cells were found within the equine lymphomas, which were identified using polyclonal antibody to CD3 and monoclonal antibodies to T-lymphocyte markers CD3 and CD5.
- The neoplastic component of the equine lymphomas was determined through morphologic evaluation, immunophenotyping, and the use of proliferation markers Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
Key Findings
- The malignancies were comprised of a heterogeneous cell population, with most tumors housing both B and T lymphocytes.
- Twenty-four horses suffered from diffuse lymphomas derived from B lymphocytes, thirteen of which predominantly contained neoplastic B lymphocytes.
- Investigation identified an additional 11 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which contained between 40% to 80% nonneoplastic T lymphocytes. These were classified as T-cell-rich, large B-cell lymphomas.
- This finding marked the first description of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma in horses.
- Six tumors were found to have a diffuse architecture derived from T lymphocytes. Four of these T-cell tumors were large-cell tumors, one was a small-cell tumor, and one had undeterminable cell size due to autolytic change in the tissues.
- One diffuse large-cell lymphoma was discovered to not react with either B- or T-cell markers.
Cite This Article
APA
Kelley LC, Mahaffey EA.
(1998).
Equine malignant lymphomas: morphologic and immunohistochemical classification.
Vet Pathol, 35(4), 241-252.
https://doi.org/10.1177/030098589803500402 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30604-5677, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal / analysis
- B-Lymphocytes / immunology
- B-Lymphocytes / pathology
- Female
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Immunoenzyme Techniques / veterinary
- Immunophenotyping / veterinary
- Ki-67 Antigen / analysis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell / immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell / veterinary
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / veterinary
- Male
- Retrospective Studies
- T-Lymphocytes / immunology
- T-Lymphocytes / pathology
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Paraschou G, Xue C, Egan R, Bolfa P. Multicentric lymphoma in a donkey with intestinal and bone marrow involvement. BMC Vet Res 2024 Feb 15;20(1):57.
- Rissi DR, Avery AC, Burnett RC. T-cell-rich, large B-cell lymphoma in the brain of a horse. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023 May;35(3):327-331.
- Albuquerque TAF, Drummond do Val L, Doherty A, de Magalhães JP. From humans to hydra: patterns of cancer across the tree of life. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018 Aug;93(3):1715-1734.
- Sano Y, Okamoto M, Ootsuka Y, Matsuda K, Yusa S, Taniyama H. Blindness associated with nasal/paranasal lymphoma in a stallion. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Mar 23;79(3):579-583.
- Newton JA, de Vicente F, Haugland SP, Scase TJ, Helm J. Extra-nodal subcutaneous Hodgkin's-like lymphoma and subsequent regression in a cat. J Feline Med Surg 2015 Jun;17(6):543-7.
- Doyle AJ, MacDonald VS, Bourque A. Use of lomustine (CCNU) in a case of cutaneous equine lymphoma. Can Vet J 2013 Dec;54(12):1137-41.
- Sanz MG, Sellon DC, Potter KA. Primary epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma as a cause of diarrhea in a horse. Can Vet J 2010 May;51(5):522-4.
- Montgomery JB, Duckett WM, Bourque AC. Pelvic lymphoma as a cause of urethral compression in a mare. Can Vet J 2009 Jul;50(7):751-4.
- Gavazza A, Lubas G, Turinelli V, Ghernati I, Delgadillo AJ. A case report of T-cell lymphoma in a horse. Vet Res Commun 2003 Sep;27 Suppl 1:403-5.
- Old JM, Deane EM. Immunohistochemistry of the lymphoid tissues of the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii. J Anat 2002 Sep;201(3):257-66.
- Old JM, Deane EM. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus. J Anat 2001 Dec;199(Pt 6):657-62.
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