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Veterinary sciences2024; 11(5); doi: 10.3390/vetsci11050190

Equine Musculoskeletal Pathologies: Clinical Approaches and Therapeutical Perspectives-A Review.

Abstract: Musculoskeletal injuries such as equine osteoarthritis, osteoarticular defects, tendonitis/desmitis, and muscular disorders are prevalent among sport horses, with a fair prognosis for returning to exercise or previous performance levels. The field of equine medicine has witnessed rapid and fruitful development, resulting in a diverse range of therapeutic options for musculoskeletal problems. Staying abreast of these advancements can be challenging, prompting the need for a comprehensive review of commonly used and recent treatments. The aim is to compile current therapeutic options for managing these injuries, spanning from simple to complex physiotherapy techniques, conservative treatments including steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyaluronic acid, polysulfated glycosaminoglycans, pentosan polysulfate, and polyacrylamides, to promising regenerative therapies such as hemoderivatives and stem cell-based therapies. Each therapeutic modality is scrutinized for its benefits, limitations, and potential synergistic actions to facilitate their most effective application for the intended healing/regeneration of the injured tissue/organ and subsequent patient recovery. While stem cell-based therapies have emerged as particularly promising for equine musculoskeletal injuries, a multidisciplinary approach is underscored throughout the discussion, emphasizing the importance of considering various therapeutic modalities in tandem.
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Publication Date: 2024-04-26 PubMed ID: 38787162PubMed Central: PMC11126110DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050190Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study is a comprehensive review of current and emerging treatments for common musculoskeletal injuries in sport horses, including therapies ranging from basic physiotherapy to advanced stem cell-based therapies, outlining their benefits, limitations, and synergistic applicability.

The Scope of the Research Review

  • The research article is an exhaustive review of treatments applied to musculoskeletal injuries commonly encountered in sport horses.
  • Conditions such as equine osteoarthritis, osteoarticular defects, tendonitis/desmitis, and muscular disorders are extensively addressed in this review.
  • These conditions, prevalent among sport horses, offer variable prognosis for recovery and return to previous performance levels.
  • The broad spectrum of therapeutic options presented in this paper ranges from straightforward physiotherapy techniques to more complex emerging innovations including stem cell-based therapies.

Review Methodology

  • The authors analyze each therapeutic modality in detail, examining benefits, limitations, and potential synergistic effects.
  • The survey encompasses conservative treatments which include steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hyaluronic acid, polysulfated glycosaminoglycans, pentosan polysulfate, and polyacrylamides.
  • The paper also addresses advanced regenerative therapies such as hemoderivatives and stem cell-based ones.
  • The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of these treatments, facilitating their most efficient application for healing injured musculoskeletal tissues or organs, leading to full patient recovery.

Significance of the Multidisciplinary Approach

  • While stem cell-based therapies are highlighted as particularly promising in treating equine musculoskeletal injuries, the paper strongly advocates a multidisciplinary approach to treatment.
  • The authors emphasize that successful management of these injuries often involves considering different therapeutic modalities together, rather than relying on a single treatment approach.

Concluding Remarks

  • The research review intends to inform the reader of the cornucopia of treatment options currently available and the emerging therapeutic strategies for managing musculoskeletal injuries in sport horses.
  • By highlighting the benefits, limitations, and potential synergies, it aims to contribute to decisions regarding the selection of the most effective therapeutic modality or combination of modalities.

Cite This Article

APA
Reis IL, Lopes B, Sousa P, Sousa AC, Caseiro AR, Mendonça CM, Santos JM, Atayde LM, Alvites RD, Maurício AC. (2024). Equine Musculoskeletal Pathologies: Clinical Approaches and Therapeutical Perspectives-A Review. Vet Sci, 11(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11050190

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 5

Researcher Affiliations

Reis, Inês L
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (IUCS), Avenida Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
Lopes, Bruna
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Sousa, Patrícia
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Sousa, Ana C
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Caseiro, Ana R
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Veterinary Sciences Department, University School Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal.
  • Vasco da Gama Research Center (CIVG), University School Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes, Lordemão, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal.
Mendonça, Carla M
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Campus Agrário de Vairão, Centro Clínico de Equinos de Vairão (CCEV), Rua da Braziela n° 100, 4485-144 Vairão, Portugal.
Santos, Jorge M
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Atayde, Luís M
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Campus Agrário de Vairão, Centro Clínico de Equinos de Vairão (CCEV), Rua da Braziela n° 100, 4485-144 Vairão, Portugal.
Alvites, Rui D
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (IUCS), Avenida Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
Maurício, Ana C
  • Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
  • Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal.
  • Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Campus Agrário de Vairão, Centro Clínico de Equinos de Vairão (CCEV), Rua da Braziela n° 100, 4485-144 Vairão, Portugal.

Grant Funding

  • SFRH/BD/146689/2019, 2021.05265.BD, 2023.00246.BD, 2022.04501.PTDC / Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia
  • MC-04/17; MC-18-2021 / Prémios Santa Casa Neurociências-Prize Melo e Castro for Spinal Cord Injury Research

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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