Equine nasal and paranasal sinus tumours. Part 1: review of the literature and tumour classification.
Abstract: The normal gross and histological anatomy of the equine nasal and paranasal sinuses are reviewed and the relationships between the local anatomy, the occurrence of different tumour types, and of tumour spread are examined. The histological classification of the more common equine sinonasal tumours and tumour-like lesions are discussed. Clinical and pathological descriptions of 50 more recently recorded such tumours are separately tabulated. The literature shows that equine sinonasal tumours, both endemic and sporadic, are relatively uncommon in horses, with non-neoplastic growths such as maxillary (sinus) cysts, progressive ethmoid haematoma and inflammatory nasal polyps more commonly recorded. The equine paranasal sinuses, especially the caudal maxillary sinus, are the most common sites for sinonasal tumours and, in contrast to other species, primary nasal tumours are uncommon. The more common tumour types include squamous cell carcinoma that, in some cases, arise in the oral cavity and spread to the maxillary sinuses; adenocarcinomas; bone and dental tumours; fibrosarcomas and haemangiosarcomas. Except for some benign bone tumours, there are few records of successful treatment of equine sinonasal tumours.
Publication Date: 1999-05-18 PubMed ID: 10328838DOI: 10.1053/tvjl.1998.0370Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Review
Summary
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The research article discusses a detailed review of the occurrence, types, and spread of tumours in the nasal and paranasal sinuses of horses. The study also inventories the clinical and pathological descriptions of these sinus tumours, highlighting that while not very common, some types, like the squamous cell carcinoma, can originate in the oral cavity and extend to the maxillary sinuses.
Overview of Equine Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Tumours
- The study provides a comprehensive review of the equine nasal and paranasal sinuses’ normal gross and histological anatomy.
- It evaluates the connection between the anatomy of these regions, the occurrence of different tumour types and the spread of these tumours.
- There is focused discussion surrounding the histological classification of more prevalent equine sinonasal tumours and tumour-like lesions.
- The research also provides separate tabulations for clinical and pathological descriptions of 50 more recent sinonasal tumours.
Incidence and Types of Sinonasal Tumours in Horses
- According to the literature reviewed, sinonasal tumours, whether endemic or occasional, are relatively uncommon in horses.
- Non-neoplastic growths such as maxillary (sinus) cysts, progressive ethmoid haematoma, and inflammatory nasal polyps are often recorded.
- Among the sinuses, specifically the caudal maxillary sinus, is observed as the most common site for sinonasal tumours.
- Unlike other species, primary nasal tumours are uncommon in horses.
- The study found the most frequent tumour types to be squamous cell carcinoma, which in some instances originate in the oral cavity and spread to the maxillary sinuses, and other types including adenocarcinomas, bone and dental tumours, fibrosarcomas and haemangiosarcomas.
Treatment of Sinonasal Tumours in Horses
- Within the veterinary scientific community, there seems limited success recorded in treatment of equine sinonasal tumours, indicating an area that requires further research and development of appropriate medical interventions.
Cite This Article
APA
Head KW, Dixon PM.
(1999).
Equine nasal and paranasal sinus tumours. Part 1: review of the literature and tumour classification.
Vet J, 157(3), 261-278.
https://doi.org/10.1053/tvjl.1998.0370 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Adenocarcinoma / pathology
- Adenocarcinoma / veterinary
- Animals
- Bone Neoplasms / pathology
- Bone Neoplasms / veterinary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Female
- Fibrosarcoma / pathology
- Fibrosarcoma / veterinary
- Hemangiosarcoma / pathology
- Hemangiosarcoma / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Male
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / pathology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / veterinary
- Nose Neoplasms / pathology
- Nose Neoplasms / veterinary
- Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / pathology
- Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Stieger-Vanegas SM, Hanna AL. The Role of Computed Tomography in Imaging Non-neurologic Disorders of the Head in Equine Patients.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:798216.
- Pezzanite LM, Hackett ES, McCready E, Easley JT. Outcomes following single, caudally based bilateral versus unilateral frontonasal sinusotomy for treatment of equine paranasal sinus disease.. Vet Med Sci 2021 Nov;7(6):2209-2218.
- Vlaminck L, Pollaris E, Vanderperren K, Tremaine WH, Raes E. Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Primary Sino-Nasal Obstruction in Miniature Horse Breeds: Long-Term Follow-Up of Seven Cases.. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:680150.
- Turek B, Górski K, Drewnowska O, Buczkowska R, Kozłowska N, Sapierzyński R. Ossifying Fibroma in the Nasal Cavity of a 2-Year-Old Horse.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jan 27;11(2).
- Strohmayer C, Klang A, Kneissl S. Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Characteristics of 13 Equine and 10 Feline Oral and Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinomas.. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:591437.
- Gillen A, Mudge M, Caldwell F, Munsterman A, Hanson R, Brawner W, Almond G, Green E, Stephens J, Walz J. Outcome of external beam radiotherapy for treatment of noncutaneous tumors of the head in horses: 32 cases (1999-2015).. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Nov;34(6):2808-2816.
- Warren A. Equine sinonasal anaplastic sarcoma infected with multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli.. Can Vet J 2019 Feb;60(2):199-202.
- Haltmayer E, Simhofer H. Progressive ossifying paranasal sinus mass of suspected traumatic origin in a mare: Surgical treatment and follow-up.. Can Vet J 2018 Aug;59(8):866-870.
- Javdani M, Hashemnia M, Nikousefat Z, Ghasemi M. Extraskeletal osteoma in a canary (Serinus canaria).. Vet Res Forum 2017 Summer;8(3):265-268.
- Ludwig EK, Byron CR, Lahmers KK, Santos MP. Frontal and caudal maxillary sinus lipoma in a horse.. Can Vet J 2017 May;58(5):503-507.
- Sano Y, Okamoto M, Ootsuka Y, Matsuda K, Yusa S, Taniyama H. Blindness associated with nasal/paranasal lymphoma in a stallion.. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Mar 23;79(3):579-583.
- van der Weyden L, Patton EE, Wood GA, Foote AK, Brenn T, Arends MJ, Adams DJ. Cross-species models of human melanoma.. J Pathol 2016 Jan;238(2):152-65.
- Algudkar A, Persaud R, Chatzimichalis M, Parikh A. Unilateral sino-nasal haemorrhagic polyp masquerading as a malignancy in a boxer.. JRSM Short Rep 2013 Apr;4(4):27.
- Fjordbakk CT, Kenney DG, Rodriguez-Palacios A, Keller S, Stalker M. Inflammatory aural polyp in a horse.. Can Vet J 2006 Jan;47(1):65-6.
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