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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Radiol Ultrasound / Equine odontogenic tumors: Clinical presentation, CT finding...
Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association2019; 60(5); 502-512; doi: 10.1111/vru.12793

Equine odontogenic tumors: Clinical presentation, CT findings, and outcome in 11 horses.

Abstract: Odontogenic tumors present as locally invasive, slow growing, firm swellings on the face. They are rare in all species and are characterized histologically by the degree of differentiation and dental tissue of origin. Radiographic appearance is not pathognomonic for these lesions. Computed tomographic (CT) examination allows exact determination of tumor extension and aggressiveness. The objectives of this retrospective, case series study were to describe the clinical presentation, CT characteristics, and outcome in horses with histologically confirmed odontogenic tumors, and to identify imaging features suggestive of individual types of tumors. Four ameloblastomas, two ameloblastic carcinomas, three ameloblastic fibromas, and two complex odontomas were included. All but one complex odontoma presented as a single mass. All tumors were associated with maxillary or mandibular bone expansion, alveolar and cortical bone lysis, and cortical bone thinning. The majority also had cortical bone thickening and periosteal proliferation. All tumors contained some degree of mineral attenuation, although only the complex odontomas contained enamel attenuation allowing differentiation from other types of odontogenic tumors in this study. Ameloblastomas were found to have variable CT characteristics likely due to the sub-groups of ameloblastomas. Both ameloblastic carcinomas contained a mixture of mineralized and soft tissue attenuating material whereas ameloblastic fibromas were mainly composed of soft tissue attenuating material. Computed tomographic characteristics of odontogenic tumors generally indicate that they are expansile, aggressive tumors and can occur in a wide range of ages. Further investigation is needed to elucidate differences between each type of equine odontogenic tumor.
© 2019 American College of Veterinary Radiology.
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Publication Date: 2019-07-29 PubMed ID: 31359553DOI: 10.1111/vru.12793Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is a study on the clinical presentation, CT characteristics, and outcomes of horses with confirmed odontogenic tumors. It further aims to identify imaging features that could suggest types of such tumors.

Overview of the Research

  • The research under discussion is a retrospective study that examines cases of horses with histologically confirmed odontogenic tumors. These benign or malignant growths were found in the oral and facial regions of the animal, characterized by their slow growth and invasiveness.
  • The study aimed to present a clear understanding of the clinical attributes of the cases, the findings in Computed Tomography (CT) screenings, and the eventual outcome for the horses.

Tumors Covered in the Study

  • The study comprised an inventory of eleven histologically confirmed cases, including several types of odontogenic tumors: four cases of ameloblastoma, two cases of ameloblastic carcinoma, three cases of ameloblastic fibroma, and two cases of complex odontomas.
  • All these tumors were found to contribute to the expansion of maxillary or mandibular bone, leading to thinning and lysis of alveolar and cortical bone, with most also causing thickening of the cortical bone and periosteal proliferation.

CT Findings

  • CT screenings were key to this study, primarily employed to determine the extent and aggressiveness of tumors.
  • CT outcomes showed that all tumors showed some degree of mineral attenuation, while only complex odontomas indicated enamel attenuation. This finding led to some degree of differentiation among the types of tumors studied.
  • Ameloblastomas displayed different CT characteristics likely due to their subgroups. Both ameloblastic carcinomas were found to contain a combination of mineralized and soft tissue attenuating material, being primarily composed of soft tissue attenuating material.

Implications and Future Scope

  • Overall, the CT characteristics of the tumors suggest that they are expansile, aggressive and can occur in horses across varied ages. This increases the necessity for early detection and intervention.
  • The differentiation reported based on enamel attenuation suggests potential to explore further diagnostic markers to identify specific types of these tumors. However, the study calls for greater investigation to shed clearer light on the differences among each type of equine odontogenic tumor.

Cite This Article

APA
Morgan RE, Fiske-Jackson AR, Hellige M, Gerhauser I, Wohlsein P, Biggi M. (2019). Equine odontogenic tumors: Clinical presentation, CT findings, and outcome in 11 horses. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 60(5), 502-512. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12793

Publication

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
ISSN: 1740-8261
NlmUniqueID: 9209635
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 60
Issue: 5
Pages: 502-512

Researcher Affiliations

Morgan, Rhiannon E
  • Equine Referral Hospital, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.
Fiske-Jackson, Andrew R
  • Equine Referral Hospital, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.
Hellige, Maren
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hanover, Germany.
Gerhauser, Ingo
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hanover, Germany.
Wohlsein, Peter
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hanover, Germany.
Biggi, Marianna
  • Equine Referral Hospital, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / classification
  • Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Odontogenic Tumors / classification
  • Odontogenic Tumors / diagnostic imaging
  • Odontogenic Tumors / veterinary
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / veterinary

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
  1. Stieger-Vanegas SM, Hanna AL. The Role of Computed Tomography in Imaging Non-neurologic Disorders of the Head in Equine Patients. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:798216.
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  2. Schreeg ME, Radkin M, Haugland J, Murphy BG, Rushton S, Linder KE. Ameloblastic carcinoma in horses: case report and literature review. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022 May;34(3):528-534.
    doi: 10.1177/10406387211068459pubmed: 35037545google scholar: lookup
  3. Leitzen E, Stumpf S, Zimmermann C, Bienert-Zeit A, Hellige M, Baumgärtner W, Puff C. A Rare Case of Vascular Proliferation in the Mandible of a Juvenile Horse. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:573540.
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  4. Dixon PM, Puidupin C, Borkent D, Liuti T, Reardon RJM. A Computed Tomographic Assessment of Osteitis of Sinus Bony Structures in Horses With Sinonasal Disorders. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:627.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00627pubmed: 33062655google scholar: lookup
  5. Sidwell A, Shanklin A, Miller H, Cahoon M, Hole SL, Bianco C, Pereira R. Full Clinical Pathological and Bacteriological Investigation of a Giant Nasal Polyp Associated With the Developing Apex of the Permanent Fourth Premolar (Triadan 108) in a 3-year-old Connemara Filly: A Case Report. Vet Med Sci 2026 Jan;12(1):e70756.
    doi: 10.1002/vms3.70756pubmed: 41457381google scholar: lookup
  6. Kelley JL, Rawlinson JE, Bell CM. Equine maxillofacial intraosseous cystic lesions: a retrospective study of 17 cases. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1644866.
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