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Frontiers in veterinary science2022; 9; 843744; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.843744

Equine Umbilical Cord Serum Composition and Its Healing Effects in Equine Corneal Ulceration.

Abstract: Human autologous serum (AS) and umbilical cord serum (UCS) both contain growth and neurotrophic factors that promote corneal healing. Unassigned: Our objectives were to compare equine AS and UCS cytokine and growth factor profiles and to assess the safety and clinical feasibility of the therapeutic use of UCS eye drops in cases of spontaneous complex ulcers. Unassigned: Prospective clinical trial. Unassigned: Vitamin A insulin growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 concentrations were determined in 10 AS collected from different horses and 10 UCS sampled at delivery. Six client-owned horses presenting with complex non-healing corneal defects of >5 mm2 were included in a clinical trial and treated with conventional therapy and conditioned UCS drops for 8-15 days. Ulcer surface and time to complete epithelialization were recorded. Unassigned: Median concentrations of vitamin A, insulin growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB were not significantly different in AS compared with UCS (respectively, 14.5 vs. 12.05 μg/ml; 107.8 vs. 107.3 pg/ml; and 369.1 vs. 924.2 pg/ml). TGF-β1 median concentration in UCS was significantly higher than in AS (3,245 vs. 2571pg/ml) (p = 0.04). IL-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 concentrations were variable in AS and undetectable in UCS. The corneal median ulcerative area was 37.2 mm2 (6.28-57.14 mm2) and had a duration of 4-186 days (median 19 days). All lesions healed within 13-42 days (median 17 days). No adverse effects nor recurrences within 1 month were noticed. Unassigned: The sample size was small. Spontaneous corneal epithelial defects presented with variable clinical characteristics. There were no age-matched control horses to assess corneal healing time and rate. Unassigned: Equine UCS may be beneficial, as it contains no pro-inflammatory cytokines and a greater concentration of TGF-β1 compared with AS. Topical UCS appears safe and may potentially be used as adjunctive therapy for equine complex non-healing ulcers.
Copyright © 2022 Peyrecave-Capo, Saulnier, Maddens, Gremillet and Desjardins.
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Publication Date: 2022-03-17 PubMed ID: 35372560PubMed Central: PMC8970184DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.843744Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores the composition of equine umbilical cord serum and its potential therapeutic benefits in treating equine corneal ulcerations. The study compared equine autologous serum (AS) and umbilical cord serum (UCS), assessed their safety and clinical feasibility as treatments, and found that UCS may potentially be used as an adjunctive therapy for difficult-to-treat ulcers.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a prospective clinical trial in which they measured and compared the vitamin A, insulin growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor concentrations in ten AS samples from different horses and ten UCS samples taken at the time of delivery.
  • Additionally, they examined transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1.
  • They then conducted a clinical trial with six horses that had complex, non-healing corneal defects, treating them with conventional therapy and the addition of UCS eye drops for a period of 8-15 days. During this time, they monitored the ulcer surface area and time to complete epithelialization.

Findings

  • The study found that the median concentrations of vitamin A, insulin growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor were not significantly different in AS compared to UCS.
  • However, TGF-β1 median concentration was significantly higher in UCS than in AS, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits. The cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, which could potentially induce inflammation, were undetectable in UCS, also indicating possible advantages over AS.
  • In the clinical trial, all corneal ulcers treated with UCS healed within a period of 13-42 days, with no apparent side effects or recurrences reported within one month.

Limitations and Conclusion

  • The researchers acknowledged certain limitations in the study. Notably, the sample size was relatively small and the corneal defects varied in their clinical characteristics. Furthermore, the absence of age-matched control horses in the study hindered direct comparisons of healing time and rate between groups, possibly influencing the reliability of the clinical trial results.
  • Despite these limitations, the study concluded that equine UCS, with its high concentration of TGF-β1 and absence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, might be beneficial for the treatment of equine complex non-healing ulcers and could potentially be used as an adjunctive therapy alongside conventional treatment methods.

Cite This Article

APA
Peyrecave-Capo X, Saulnier N, Maddens S, Gremillet B, Desjardins I. (2022). Equine Umbilical Cord Serum Composition and Its Healing Effects in Equine Corneal Ulceration. Front Vet Sci, 9, 843744. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.843744

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Pages: 843744

Researcher Affiliations

Peyrecave-Capo, Xavier
  • Equine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, VetAgro-Sup, University of Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Saulnier, Nathalie
  • Vetbiobank, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Maddens, Stéphane
  • Vetbiobank, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Gremillet, Bérengère
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium.
Desjardins, Isabelle
  • Equine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, VetAgro-Sup, University of Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France.

Conflict of Interest Statement

SM and NS are employees and shareholders of Vetbiobank at the time of the submission for publication. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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