Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports2016; 3-4; 23-26; doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.05.007

Evaluation of activity of fenbendazole, oxibendazole, piperazine , and pyrantel pamoate alone and combinations against ascarids, strongyles, and strongyloides in horse foals in field tests on two farms in Central Kentucky in 2014 and 2015.

Abstract: Activity of fenbendazole (FBZ), oxibendazole (OBZ), piperazine (PIP) and pyrantel pamoate (PRT) alone and combinations of OBZ and PIP and of OBZ and PRT was evaluated against parascarids, strongyles and strongyloides in horse foals (n=281).This was on two farms - Farm A - mixed light-horses (n=26) and Farm B-Thoroughbreds (n=255) - in Central Kentucky in field tests in 2014 and 2015. Foals on both farms were treated one to three times each; an exception was that seven foals on Farm A were nontreated controls. Before treatment, the foals on Farm A were all weighed on scales but weights for Farm B were estimated. Evaluation of the anthelmintics was by recording the number of foals passing specific types of nematode eggs before and after treatment using qualitative and/or quantitative (EPG) methods. Results are: 1) ascarids (parascarids) - efficacy was excellent for OBZ, PIP, OBZ-PIP, and OBZ-PRT; likewise for PRT for one group (in 2014) of Farm A foals but not another group (2015) there. FBZ was inactive against these parasites. 2) strongyles - activity was lacking or incomplete for all of the compounds alone or in combination; it was the best for OBZ-PIP, OBZ-PRT and PRT alone. 3) strongyloides - data indicated no or incomplete activity; it was highest for OBZ and OBZ-PIP. The level of drug activity against parasites in Farm B foals may in some instances have been different if exact rather than estimated body weights had been obtained before treatment like for Farm A foals.
Publication Date: 2016-05-24 PubMed ID: 31014495DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.05.007Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The paper discusses the efficiency of certain drug combinations, including fenbendazole, oxibendazole, piperazine, and pyrantel pamoate, against various parasites in horse foals in Kentucky, with variabilities observed in overall efficacy and between the two test farms.

Introduction

  • The study was conducted to measure the effectiveness of the drugs fenbendazole (FBZ), oxibendazole (OBZ), piperazine (PIP), and pyrantel pamoate (PRT) used independently and in combinations to fight against parascarids, strongyles, and strongyloides parasites in horse foals.
  • The research was conducted on two farms in Central Kentucky in 2014 and 2015, with 26 mixed light-Horse foals in Farm A and 255 Thoroughbred foals in Farm B.

Methodology

  • Foals were treated one to three times, except for seven foals on Farm A, which were left untreated as control subjects.
  • The foals on Farm A were weighed on scales before treatment, but weights for the foals on Farm B were approximated.
  • Efficacy of the anthelmintic drugs was evaluated by tallying the number of foals passing distinct types of nematode eggs before and after treatment, using both qualitative and quantitative (Egg Per Gram, EPG) methods.

Results

  • For the treatment of ascarids (parascarids), OBZ, PIP, and the combinations OBZ-PIP, OBZ-PRT showed excellent efficacy. PRT was solely useful for a group of Farm A foals in 2014, but not in 2015, with FBZ showing no activity against these parasites.
  • In the case of strongyles, none of the drugs or drug combinations complete eliminated the parasites, although OBZ-PIP, OBZ-PRT, and PRT alone had the most substantial results.
  • For strongyloides, the paper indicates that no medication was completely effective. OBZ and OBZ-PIP showed the highest level of partial activity.

Limitations and Further Research

  • The study suggests that the divergences in treatment effectiveness between farms may have been affected by the use of precise body weights for Farm A foals, compared to the estimated body weights used for Farm B.
  • The paper concludes that further research is required to corroborate the findings and to explore the influence of precise versus estimated weights on drug efficacy.

Cite This Article

APA
Lyons ET, Dorton AR, Tolliver SC. (2016). Evaluation of activity of fenbendazole, oxibendazole, piperazine , and pyrantel pamoate alone and combinations against ascarids, strongyles, and strongyloides in horse foals in field tests on two farms in Central Kentucky in 2014 and 2015. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports, 3-4, 23-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.05.007

Publication

ISSN: 2405-9390
NlmUniqueID: 101680410
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 3-4
Pages: 23-26
PII: S2405-9390(16)30008-9

Researcher Affiliations

Lyons, Eugene T
  • Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Gluck Equine Research Center, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA. Electronic address: elyons1@uky.edu.
Dorton, Alan R
  • Private Equine Veterinary Practitioner, Versailles, KY, USA.
Tolliver, Sharon C
  • Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Gluck Equine Research Center, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA.

Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Elmeligy E, Abdelbaset A, Elsayed HK, Bayomi SA, Hafez A, Abu-Seida AM, El-Khabaz KAS, Hassan D, Ghandour RA, Khalphallah A. Oxidative stress in Strongylus spp. infected donkeys treated with piperazine citrate versus doramectin.. Open Vet J 2021 Apr-Jun;11(2):238-250.
    doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2021.v11.i2.8pubmed: 34307081google scholar: lookup
  2. Scare JA, Leathwick DM, Sauermann CW, Lyons ET, Steuer AE, Jones BA, Clark M, Nielsen MK. Dealing with double trouble: Combination deworming against double-drug resistant cyathostomins.. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2020 Apr;12:28-34.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2019.12.002pubmed: 31883485google scholar: lookup