Evaluation of agar gel immunodiffusion and indirect fluorescent antibody assays as supplemental tests for dourine in equids.
Abstract: The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assays were evaluated as supplemental tests to the complement-fixation (CF) test, the official US importation certification test for dourine in equids. The American stabilate (n = 10 animals) or the Canadian stabilate (n = 6 animals) of Trypanosoma equiperdum cultured in rat blood was administered by catheterization and infusion in the urogenital tract of 16 equids. To assess parasitemia and serologic responses by use of the CF, AGID, and IFA tests, a total of 787 serum and blood samples were obtained from equids before exposure and 3 times a week after exposure to T equiperdum. Results of the IFA and AGID tests were compared with the CF test results. The disease was diagnosed earlier by the IFA test than by the AGID test, regardless of antigen preparation or exposure group. The mean number of days between exposure and positive result by the CF and IFA tests was the same when either homologous or heterologous antigen was used in the IFA test. In general, the IFA test was more sensitive than the AGID test in diagnosing dourine, regardless of the antigen preparation used in the test or exposure group. Differences in test specificity were observed among both groups of exposed equids when either antigen was used (P < 0.05). The AGID test, using the American antigen, was more specific than the IFA test for sera from both groups of equids. When the Canadian antigen was used, the IFA test was a more specific test than the AGID test (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1993-08-01 PubMed ID: 8214884
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Antibodies
- Antigen
- Clinical Examination
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Management
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Immunology
- Infection
- Parasites
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Practice
- Veterinary Procedure
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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This study assessed the efficacy of two tests, agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), as supplement to the standard complement-fixation (CF) test for identifying dourine disease in equids. It found the IFA test generally more sensitive and quicker in detecting the disease than AGID, although AGID was more specific in certain circumstances.
Methodology
- Researchers employed the AGID and IFA tests to supplement the CF test for detecting dourine, a serious disease in equids.
- Experiments were conducted on 16 equids. Ten were administered the American stabilate of the Trypanosoma equiperdum (a parasitic species causing Dourine), while the remaining six were given the Canadian stabilate.
- The stabilates were administered via catheterization and infusion in the urogenital tract of the subjects.
- A total of 787 serum and blood samples were collected before exposure and three times weekly post-exposure for monitoring parasitemia and serologic responses using the CF, AGID, and IFA tests.
Key Findings
- The IFA test was found more sensitive and faster to diagnose dourine in comparison to AGID, regardless of the antigen preparation or exposure group.
- The CF and IFA test displayed the same average number of days between exposure and the appearance of a positive result, irrespective of whether a homologous or heterologous antigen was used in the IFA test.
- The AGID test turned out more specific when using the American antigen than the IFA test when evaluated with sera from both groups of equids.
- Conversely, the IFA test was more specific compared to the AGID test when the Canadian antigen was used (P < 0.01).
- There were significant differences in test specificity noticed among the two groups of exposed equids when either antigen was used (P < 0.05).
Cite This Article
APA
Hagebock JM, Chieves L, Frerichs WM, Miller CD.
(1993).
Evaluation of agar gel immunodiffusion and indirect fluorescent antibody assays as supplemental tests for dourine in equids.
Am J Vet Res, 54(8), 1201-1208.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA 50010.
MeSH Terms
- Agar
- Animals
- Antibodies, Protozoan / blood
- Complement Fixation Tests / veterinary
- Dourine / diagnosis
- Evaluation Studies as Topic
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / parasitology
- Horses
- Immunodiffusion / veterinary
- Male
- Perissodactyla / parasitology
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Sensitivity and Specificity
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Gizaw Y, Megersa M, Fayera T. Dourine: a neglected disease of equids. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017 Jun;49(5):887-897.
- Claes F, Radwanska M, Urakawa T, Majiwa PA, Goddeeris B, Büscher P. Variable Surface Glycoprotein RoTat 1.2 PCR as a specific diagnostic tool for the detection of Trypanosoma evansi infections. Kinetoplastid Biol Dis 2004 Sep 17;3(1):3.
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