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Evaluation of an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure for induction of metacarpophalangeal joint osteoarthritis in horses.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To evaluate lameness and morphological changes associated with an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure as a means of experimental induction of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint osteoarthritis within an 11-week period in horses. ANIMALS 6 nonlame adult warmbloods. PROCEDURES The right MCP joint of each horse underwent an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure (day 0). After 1 week of stall rest (ie, starting day 7), each horse was trained daily on a treadmill. Weekly, horses underwent visual and inertial sensor-based assessments of lameness. Both MCP joints were assessed radiographically on days 0 (before surgery), 1, 35, and 77. A synovial fluid sample was collected from the right MCP joint on days 0 (before surgery), 35, 36, 49, 63, and 77 for cytologic and biomarker analyses. On day 77, each horse was euthanized; both MCP joints were evaluated macroscopically and histologically. RESULTS Right forelimb lameness was detected visually and by the inertial sensor system when horses were moving on a straight line after distal forelimb flexion or circling left on days 14 to 77. Compared with presurgical values, synovial fluid interleukin-6, prostaglandin E2, hyaluronic acid, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein concentrations were increased at 2 or 3 time points, whereas tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 concentrations were decreased at 1 time point. Gross examination of all right MCP joints revealed synovitis and wear lines; synovitis was confirmed histologically. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that a combined osteochondral fragment-groove procedure can be used to induce clinically and grossly observable early MCP joint osteoarthritis during an 11-week period in horses.
Publication Date: 2019-02-26 PubMed ID: 30801207DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.80.3.246Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses an experiment conducted to investigate the effectiveness of an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure in inducing metacarpophalangeal joint osteoarthritis in horses over an 11-week period. The study found that this method led to visually detectable right forelimb lameness and a range of inflammatory and morphological changes indicative of early onset osteoarthritis.
Experimental Procedure and Animal Subjects
- The study was conducted on six adult warmblood horses that did not have any pre-existing lameness.
- A surgical procedure, termed an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure, was performed on the right metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of each horse on the first day.
- Following the surgery, the horses were given a week of rest and then subjected to daily treadmill training.
Evaluation Methods
- Lameness in the horses was visually assessed and measured using an inertial sensor-based system on a weekly basis.
- Radiographic exams of the MCP joints were carried out on specified days: before the surgery and on days 1, 35, and 77 after the surgery.
- Samples of synovial fluid from the right MCP joint were collected several times for cytologic and biomarker analyses.
- On the last day (day 77) of the study, the horses were euthanized, and post-mortem examination of the MCP joints were conducted both macroscopically and histologically.
Study Results
- The horses showed obvious signs of lameness in the right forelimb, as assessed both visually and through the sensor system.
- Compared to pre-surgical measurements, concentrations of certain biomarkers in the synovial fluid, namely interleukin-6, prostaglandin E2, hyaluronic acid, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein, increased at multiple points.
- Conversely, concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 decreased.
- A macroscopic examination revealed signs of synovitis and wear lines, which were also confirmed histologically.
Conclusion
- The study concluded indicating that an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure could be effectively used to induce early signs of MCP joint osteoarthritis in horses over a period of 11 weeks.
Cite This Article
APA
Broeckx SY, Pille F, Buntinx S, Van Brantegem L, Duchateau L, Oosterlinck M, Chiers K, Bertone AL, Spaas JH, Martens AM.
(2019).
Evaluation of an osteochondral fragment-groove procedure for induction of metacarpophalangeal joint osteoarthritis in horses.
Am J Vet Res, 80(3), 246-258.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.80.3.246 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular / metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gait
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses / surgery
- Hyaluronic Acid / pharmacology
- Lameness, Animal / pathology
- Male
- Metacarpophalangeal Joint / surgery
- Osteoarthritis / veterinary
- Synovial Fluid / metabolism
- Synovial Membrane / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Mercer MA, Davis JL, McKenzie HC. The Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Evaluation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Adult Horses. Animals (Basel) 2023 May 10;13(10).
- Yamada ALM, do Prado Vendruscolo C, Marsiglia MF, Sotelo EDP, Agreste FR, Seidel SRT, Fülber J, Baccarin RYA, da Silva LCLC. Effects of oral treatment with chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine in an experimental model of metacarpophalangeal osteoarthritis in horses. BMC Vet Res 2022 Jun 9;18(1):215.
- McCoy AM, Secor EJ, Roady PJ, Gray SM, Klein J, Gutierrez-Nibeyro SD. Plantar osteochondral fragments in young Standardbreds are associated with minimal joint inflammation at the time of surgical removal. Equine Vet J 2023 Jan;55(1):33-41.
- Chakrabarti S, Ai M, Henson FMD, Smith ESJ. Peripheral mechanisms of arthritic pain: A proposal to leverage large animals for in vitro studies. Neurobiol Pain 2020 Aug-Dec;8:100051.
- Bertoni L, Jacquet-Guibon S, Branly T, Legendre F, Desancé M, Mespoulhes C, Melin M, Hartmann DJ, Schmutz A, Denoix JM, Galéra P, Demoor M, Audigié F. An experimentally induced osteoarthritis model in horses performed on both metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints: Technical, clinical, imaging, biochemical, macroscopic and microscopic characterization. PLoS One 2020;15(6):e0235251.
- Broeckx SY, Martens AM, Bertone AL, Van Brantegem L, Duchateau L, Van Hecke L, Dumoulin M, Oosterlinck M, Chiers K, Hussein H, Pille F, Spaas JH. The use of equine chondrogenic-induced mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment for osteoarthritis: A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study. Equine Vet J 2019 Nov;51(6):787-794.
- O'Brien TJ, Hollinshead F, Goodrich LR. Extracellular vesicles in the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis: can horses help us translate this therapy to humans?. Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids 2023 Jun;4(2):151-169.
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