Evaluation of Antibody Response in Horses After Vaccination With an Inactivated Getah Virus Vaccine Using an Accelerated Immunization Schedule.
Abstract: Antibody response in horses after accelerated-schedule Getah virus vaccination was evaluated for its potential adoption during outbreaks. One-year-old Thoroughbred horses received two doses of priming vaccinations following an accelerated schedule (accelerated group: 14-day interval, n = 30) or the conventional schedule (control group: 28-day interval, n = 30). At Day 14, both groups showed similar seropositive rates (66.7% in control group and 73.3% in accelerated group) and geometric mean (GM) virus-neutralizing titers (5.2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.0-8.8] in control group and 5.3 [95% CI, 3.1-8.9]). At Day 28, the controls showed a lower seropositive rate (40.0%) and GM titer (2.2 [95% CI, 1.5-3.3]), whereas these figures were significantly higher in the accelerated group, at 80.0% and 7.0 (95%CI, 4.2-11.6, P < .05). The control group's antibody response peaked on Day 42, with a seropositive rate of 80.0% and GM titer of 11.3 (95% CI, 5.6-24.0). From Day 42, the accelerated group showed a faster decline in seropositive rate and GM titer than the control group. Despite the relatively short persistence of antibodies after a second vaccination, the accelerated vaccination schedule proved effective in bridging the detrimental immunity gap that is observed in conventionally vaccinated horses, suggesting the potential usefulness of this accelerated vaccination schedule as an emergency control measure.
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2021-02-03 PubMed ID: 33781410DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103396Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The article explores how an accelerated vaccination schedule affects antibody response in horses exposed to Getah virus. Researchers find that this altered schedule shows promise for limiting the virus during outbreaks despite a faster decline in immunity.
Study Design
- The researchers studied the antibody response in one-year-old Thoroughbred horses after they were vaccinated against the Getah virus.
- Two groups of the horses were vaccinated with two doses of primer vaccinations. The first, the accelerated group (30 horses) received these vaccinations with a 14-day interval. The control group (30 horses) was vaccinated based on the regular schedule with a 28-day interval between doses.
Observations and Findings
- At Day 14, both groups demonstrated similar seropositive rates (the percentage of horses with positive antibody test results) and GM virus-neutralizing titers (a measure of the concentration of antibodies that neutralize the virus in the horse’s blood).
- By Day 28, the control group showed a decreased in seropositive rate and GM titer. In contrast, the accelerated group showed significantly higher figures in both compared to the control group.
Secondary Findings
- The control group’s antibody response peaked by Day 42, showing a seropositive rate equivalent to that in the accelerated group.
- However, from Day 42, the accelerated group showed a quicker decline in antibody positives and GM titer as compared to the control group.
- Despite this, the accelerated vaccination schedule was able to cover the immunity gap usually seen in horses getting vaccinations via the conventional way, indicating potential for this vaccination schedule as an emergency control measure during outbreaks.
Conclusions
- The research concludes that the accelerated vaccination schedule can prove to be an effective measure amidst an outbreak.
- Even though the longevity of antibodies post-second vaccination is shorter under this schedule, it aids in overcoming the detrimental immunity gap usually observed in conventionally vaccinated horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Bannai H, Tominari M, Kambayashi Y, Nemoto M, Tsujimura K, Ohta M.
(2021).
Evaluation of Antibody Response in Horses After Vaccination With an Inactivated Getah Virus Vaccine Using an Accelerated Immunization Schedule.
J Equine Vet Sci, 99, 103396.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103396 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. Electronic address: hiroshi_bannai@jra.go.jp.
- Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Urakawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Alphavirus
- Animals
- Antibody Formation
- Horses
- Immunization Schedule
- Vaccination / veterinary
- Vaccines, Inactivated
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Li B, Wang H, Liang G. Getah Virus (Alphavirus): An Emerging, Spreading Zoonotic Virus.. Pathogens 2022 Aug 20;11(8).
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