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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(11); 3093; doi: 10.3390/ani11113093

Evidence from a Series of 104 Equine Sarcoids Suggests That Most Sarcoids in New Zealand Are Caused by Bovine Papillomavirus Type 2, although Both BPV1 and BPV2 DNA Are Detectable in around 10% of Sarcoids.

Abstract: Equine sarcoids are common mesenchymal neoplasms of horses that are caused by cross-species infection by . While bovine papillomavirus (BPV) 1 and 2 are the most common causes, there are differences between countries regarding which of these BPV types cause the majority of sarcoids. Additionally, no causative PV can be detected in a subset of sarcoids, suggesting that other PV types could be rarer causes of these neoplasms. In the present study, consensus PCR primers and PCR primers specific for the five types currently known to cause mesenchymal neoplasia (BPV1, BPV2, BPV13, BPV14, and Ovis aries PV2 DNA) were used to investigate the presence of PV DNA in 104 sarcoids from three defined regions in New Zealand and from two distinct time periods separated by 15 years. PV DNA was detected in 94 (90.4%) sarcoids. Of the sarcoids containing PV DNA, 83 (88.3%) contained only BPV2 DNA, 9 (9.6%) BPV1 and BPV2 DNA, and 2 (2.1%) only BPV1 DNA. No other PV types were detected. The predominance of BPV2 is consistent with studies of sarcoids from North America but dissimilar to studies of sarcoids from Europe and Australia. Detection rates of BPV1 and BPV2 were similar in sarcoids from different regions of New Zealand and in sarcoids from different time periods. These results suggest that most equine sarcoids in New Zealand are caused by BPV2 and thus if vaccines are developed to prevent sarcoids, vaccines that provide good protection against BPV2 will be required in this country.
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Publication Date: 2021-10-29 PubMed ID: 34827825PubMed Central: PMC8614326DOI: 10.3390/ani11113093Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study aims to identify the types of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) that lead to equine sarcoids, common skin tumors in horses, in different regions of New Zealand. Results revealed that the majority of these neoplasms are caused by BPV type 2, with both BPV type 1 and 2 found in about 10% of the tested samples.

Introduction and Methodology

  • The research evaluates equine sarcoids, which are prevalent mesenchymal tumors in horses brought about by a contamination from BPV. BPV1 and BPV2 are usually the common causes, but it can vary depending on the country.
  • The investigation looked into the existence of PV DNA in 104 sarcoids from three distinct regions in New Zealand over two different timeframes separated by 15 years.
  • Researchers employed consensus PCR primers and PCR primers specifically designed for five currently-known PV types causing mesenchymal neoplasia (BPV1, BPV2, BPV13, BPV14, and Ovis aries PV2 DNA).

Findings

  • PV DNA was found in 94 or 90.4% of the sarcoids, revealing firm evidence that PV is associated with the majority of equine sarcoids in New Zealand.
  • Among the sarcoids carrying PV DNA, 83 or 88.3% contained only BPV2 DNA, while 9 or 9.6% contained BPV1 and BPV2 DNA. Only 2 (2.1%) had BPV1 DNA alone.
  • No other types of PV were detected within the examined samples.

Conclusion and Implications

  • The prevalence of BPV2 is consistent with studies of sarcoids from North America but is not similar to researches from Europe and Australia.
  • The research findings didn’t indicate a significant difference relating to BPV1 and BPV2 detection rates in sarcoids from various New Zealand locations and across different time periods.
  • The research implies that most equine sarcoids in New Zealand are caused by BPV2. Therefore, if vaccines are to be developed to prevent sarcoids, they should be designed to provide robust protection against BPV2 specifically in this region.

Cite This Article

APA
Munday JS, Orbell G, Fairley RA, Hardcastle M, Vaatstra B. (2021). Evidence from a Series of 104 Equine Sarcoids Suggests That Most Sarcoids in New Zealand Are Caused by Bovine Papillomavirus Type 2, although Both BPV1 and BPV2 DNA Are Detectable in around 10% of Sarcoids. Animals (Basel), 11(11), 3093. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113093

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 11
PII: 3093

Researcher Affiliations

Munday, John S
  • School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand.
Orbell, Geoff
  • Gribbles Veterinary Ltd., Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand.
Fairley, Rob A
  • Gribbles Veterinary Ltd., Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
Hardcastle, Michael
  • Gribbles Veterinary Ltd., Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
Vaatstra, Bernie
  • Gribbles Veterinary Ltd., Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand.

Grant Funding

  • ET5.2020 / New Zealand Equine Trust

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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