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Ex Vivo Mechanical Evaluation of a Sternal ZipFix(®) Implant for Prosthetic Laryngoplasty in Horses.
Abstract: To evaluate the properties of a ZipFix(®) (ZipFix) implant in equine laryngeal cartilages. Methods: Ex vivo biomechanical study. Methods: Equine arytenoid (n=36) and cricoid cartilages (n=18). Methods: Suture bites were placed in arytenoid or cricoid cartilages using a ZipFix(®) implant or a single strand of USP 5 braided polyester (TiCron™), and arytenoid and cricoid cartilages were separately subjected to single load to failure (25 N preload) or cyclic loading for 1,000 cycles, followed by single load to failure. Load, distraction, and stiffness were recorded. Results: Four arytenoid-ZipFix cartilages fractured on implant placement. Under single load, arytenoid-ZipFix (n=9) failed at a greater mean load (359.01 ± 57.98 N) than arytenoid-Ticron (159.11 ± 22.98 N; n=12; P<.001). Arytenoid-ZipFix stiffness (31.32 ± 4.26 N/mm) was significantly greater than arytenoid-Ticron (13.18 ± 2.60 N/mm; P<.001). Cricoid-ZipFix stiffness (20.83 ± 3.37 N/mm) was significantly greater than cricoid-Ticron (13.6 ± 3.82 N/mm; n=6; P=.006). Under cyclic load, arytenoid-ZipFix distraction (2.53 ± 0.63 mm; n=5) was significantly less than arytenoid-Ticron (5.06 ± 1.37 mm; n=6, P=.006). After cyclic load, arytenoid-ZipFix failure load (295.16 ± 54.95 N) was significantly greater than arytenoid-Ticron (127.69 ± 32.67 N; P=.002). Arytenoid-ZipFix stiffness (35.59 ± 1.58 N/mm) was significantly greater than arytenoid-Ticron (24.10 ± 6.85 N/mm; P=.019). Conclusions: In arytenoid cartilages, the sternal ZipFix(®) implant was significantly stronger and stiffer compared to a single strand of Ticron. During placement of the ZipFix(®) implant, frequent arytenoid cartilage failure occurred before testing, suggesting the implant is not suitable for clinical application.
© Copyright 2016 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Publication Date: 2016-03-24 PubMed ID: 27010116DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12466Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study evaluated ZipFix(®) implant’s suitability for use in equine laryngeal cartilage surgeries by analyzing its strength and stiffness under different load conditions. Despite showing significant strength and stiffness, the implant often caused cartilage failure during placement, suggesting it might not be ideal for practical use.
Methods
- The researchers conducted an ex vivo biomechanical study using equine arytenoid (36 units) and cricoid cartilages (18 units).
- They placed suture bites in these cartilages using either a ZipFix(®) implant or a single strand of USP 5 braided polyester (known as Ticron™).
- These cartilages were then put under two tests: single load to failure with a 25 N preload and cyclic loading for 1,000 cycles followed by a single load to failure.
- The load, distraction, and stiffness were all recorded for each test.
Results
- During the placement of the ZipFix(®) implant, four of the arytenoid cartilages fractured before the test could begin.
- Under a single load, the ZipFix(®) implanted arytenoid cartilages demonstrated a significantly higher mean load capacity (359.01 ± 57.98 N) than the Ticron-implanted ones (159.11 ± 22.98 N).
- The stiffness of the arytenoid cartilages with ZipFix(®) was also significantly greater than those with Ticron.
- The cricoid cartilages with the ZipFix(®) demonstrated a significantly higher stiffness than the Ticron ones.
- Under cyclic load, the arytenoid cartilages with the ZipFix(®) had significantly lower distraction than the Ticron ones.
- After a cyclic load test, the failure load of ZipFix(®) implanted arytenoid cartilages was significantly higher than the Ticron ones, as was the stiffness.
Conclusion
- In terms of strength and stiffness, the ZipFix(®) implant outperformed the Ticron in the arytenoid cartilages.
- However, the frequent failure of arytenoid cartilages during the placement of the ZipFix(®) implant was a significant concern, indicating it may not be suitable for clinical applications in this context.
Cite This Article
APA
Markwell HJ, Mueller PO.
(2016).
Ex Vivo Mechanical Evaluation of a Sternal ZipFix(®) Implant for Prosthetic Laryngoplasty in Horses.
Vet Surg, 45(4), 450-455.
https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.12466 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arytenoid Cartilage / surgery
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Cricoid Cartilage / surgery
- Female
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Laryngeal Diseases / surgery
- Laryngeal Diseases / veterinary
- Laryngoplasty / veterinary
- Male
- Prostheses and Implants
- Sutures / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Gray SM, Gutierrez-Nibeyro SD, Horn GP, McCoy AM, Schaeffer DJ, Stewart M. The effect of repeated freezing and thawing on the suture pull-out strength in equine arytenoid and cricoid cartilages. Vet Surg 2022 Oct;51(7):1106-1110.
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