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Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)2009; 186(2); 180-187; doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.007

Experimental infection with neuropathogenic equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in adult horses.

Abstract: Equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1)-associated myeloencephalopathy (EHM) may follow an infection with the virus in horses. This study tested three hypotheses: (1) a large inhaled dose of a neuropathogenic EHV-1 strain would induce a cell-associated viraemia in all infected horses; (2) neurological disease will only occur in viraemic horses, and (3) the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition following EHV-1 viraemia will be an indicator for EHM. Four EHV-1 seronegative horses were inoculated with EHV-1 by inhalation. Three developed clinical signs of neurological disease, which were mild in two horses and lacking typical EHM histopathological findings, but moderately severe in the third horse. This latter animal was the only one found to be viraemic, with xanthochromic CSF and spinal cord histopathology findings characteristic of EHM. This study showed that cell-associated viraemia was not guaranteed, despite a large-dose inoculation with EHV-1, yet viraemia was probably a pre-requisite for subsequent development of EHM. The histopathological changes used to confirm EHM may be predicted from CSF analysis.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2009-09-01 PubMed ID: 19726209DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.007Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses an experiment conducted to investigate three hypotheses regarding the impact of a neuropathogenic strain of Equid Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) on adult horses. The main findings show that a large dosed inhalation does not ensure viraemia – a condition where the virus enters the bloodstream and hence spreads – in all horses, though viraemia likely prerequisites for developing myeloencephalopathy (brain and spinal cord disease). Also, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition could predict histopathological changes confirming myeloencephalopathy.

Experiment Methodology

  • The researchers conducted an experimental infection with a neuropathogenic strain of Equid Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1) on four EHV-1 seronegative horses.
  • The horses were inoculated with the EHV-1 virus through inhalation.

Hypotheses Tested

  • The large inhaled dose of the neuropathogenic EHV-1 strain was hypothesized to induce a cell-associated viraemia in all infected horses.
  • It was postulated that neurological disease would only occur in viraemic horses.
  • The researchers also hypothesized that the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following EHV-1 viraemia would provide an indication for the development of Equid Herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM).

Key Findings

  • Three out of the four horses developed signs of neurological disease after being inoculated with the virus.
  • However, clinical symptoms varied in severity among the horses and were mild in two of them. The two horses with mild symptoms did not present typical EHM histopathological findings.
  • The horse with moderate symptoms was the only one found to be viraemic and presented with xanthochromic CSF and spinal cord histopathology findings characteristic of EHM.
  • The cell-associated viraemia was not guaranteed, despite a large-dose inoculation with EHV-1, showing that the relationship between dosage and viraemia is not necessarily direct.
  • Viraemia was probably a pre-requisite for subsequent development of EHM, indicating a potential correlation between the incidence of viraemia and the occurrence of EHM.
  • The study also suggested that the changes used to confirm EHM could be predicted from CSF analysis, which could be used as a potential diagnostic tool for early detection of EHM.

Cite This Article

APA
Goehring LS, van Maanen C, Berendsen M, Cullinane A, de Groot RJ, Rottier PJ, Wesselingh JJ, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM. (2009). Experimental infection with neuropathogenic equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in adult horses. Vet J, 186(2), 180-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.007

Publication

Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
ISSN: 1532-2971
NlmUniqueID: 9706281
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 186
Issue: 2
Pages: 180-187

Researcher Affiliations

Goehring, Lutz S
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA. lutz.goehring@colostate.edu
van Maanen, C
    Berendsen, Marcel
      Cullinane, Ann
        de Groot, Raoul J
          Rottier, Peter J M
            Wesselingh, Jeroen J C M
              Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, Marianne M

                MeSH Terms

                • Administration, Inhalation
                • Albumins / cerebrospinal fluid
                • Animals
                • Cerebrospinal Fluid / chemistry
                • Cerebrospinal Fluid / cytology
                • Encephalomyelitis / veterinary
                • Encephalomyelitis / virology
                • Erythrocyte Count / veterinary
                • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
                • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
                • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / pathogenicity
                • Horse Diseases / virology
                • Horses
                • Leukocyte Count / veterinary
                • Pilot Projects
                • Viremia / veterinary
                • Viremia / virology

                Citations

                This article has been cited 19 times.
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