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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS One / Expression levels of LCORL are associated with body size in ...
PloS one2013; 8(2); e56497; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056497

Expression levels of LCORL are associated with body size in horses.

Abstract: Body size is an important characteristic for horses of various breeds and essential for the classification of ponies concerning the limit value of 148 cm (58.27 inches) height at the withers. Genome-wide association analyses revealed the highest associated quantitative trait locus for height at the withers on horse chromosome (ECA) 3 upstream of the candidate gene LCORL. Using 214 Hanoverian horses genotyped on the Illumina equine SNP50 BeadChip and 42 different horse breeds across all size ranges, we confirmed the highly associated single nucleotide polymorphism BIEC2-808543 (-log(10)P = 8.3) and the adjacent gene LCORL as the most promising candidate for body size. We investigated the relative expression levels of LCORL and its two neighbouring genes NCAPG and DCAF16 using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). We could demonstrate a significant association of the relative LCORL expression levels with the size of the horses and the BIEC2-808543 genotypes within and across horse breeds. In heterozygous C/T-horses expression levels of LCORL were significantly decreased by 40% and in homozygous C/C-horses by 56% relative to the smaller T/T-horses. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that this SNP T>C mutation is disrupting a putative binding site of the transcription factor TFIID which is important for the transcription process of genes involved in skeletal bone development. Thus, our findings suggest that expression levels of LCORL play a key role for body size within and across horse breeds and regulation of the expression of LCORL is associated with genetic variants of BIEC2-808543. This is the first functional study for a body size regulating polymorphism in horses and a further step to unravel the mechanisms for understanding the genetic regulation of body size in horses.
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Publication Date: 2013-02-13 PubMed ID: 23418579PubMed Central: PMC3572084DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056497Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigated how the expression levels of the LCORL gene are related to the body size in horses. The dominant gene locus controlling the height in horses was found upstream in the LCORL gene. The study verifies this fact by examining different horse breeds and the relationship between LCORL expression and body size.

Association between genetic coding and body size

  • The study focused on the strong correlation between LCORL gene expression and the size of horses. This was analyzed in a diverse set of 42 horse breeds. The size range of the horses in the study was extensive, thereby supporting the study’s conclusion on the influence of the LCORL gene on body size.
  • Analyses on the genome-wide scale pointed out the quantitative trait locus (the part of the genome which is associated with a particular phenotypic trait) responsible for height at withers (the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal) was located on horse chromosome 3 near the LCORL gene.

LCORL gene expression

  • The study measured and compared the expression levels of LCORL and two neighbouring genes (NCAPG and DCAF16) using RT-qPCR (Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR). This method is widely used for measuring gene expression levels.
  • The results showed significant association between the relative LCORL expression levels and the size of the horses. In particular, the study found that horses with different BIEC2-808543 genotypes (expressions of a particular polymorphism) had distinct LCORL expression levels. This further solidifies the role of the LCORL gene’s expression in determining a horse’s size.

Role of Specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

  • In the heterozygous (two different alleles of the same gene) C/T-horses, LCORL expression was found to be decreased by 40% and in homozygous (two identical alleles of the same gene) C/C-horses, it was decreased by 56% in comparison to smaller T/T-horses.
  • The research suggests that a SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism – a variation at a single site in DNA) T>C mutation disrupts a binding site of the transcription factor TFIID that plays a role in skeletal bone development.

Hence, the study wraps up suggesting that the LCORL gene’s expression levels play a pivotal role in regulating body size within and across different horse breeds. This study gives notable insights into understanding the genetic regulation of body size in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Metzger J, Schrimpf R, Philipp U, Distl O. (2013). Expression levels of LCORL are associated with body size in horses. PLoS One, 8(2), e56497. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056497

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Pages: e56497
PII: e56497

Researcher Affiliations

Metzger, Julia
  • Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Schrimpf, Rahel
    Philipp, Ute
      Distl, Ottmar

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Body Size / genetics
        • Breeding
        • Chromosome Mapping
        • Chromosomes, Mammalian / genetics
        • Female
        • Gene Expression Profiling / veterinary
        • Gene Frequency
        • Genotype
        • Horses / genetics
        • Male
        • Molecular Sequence Data
        • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
        • Protein Isoforms / genetics
        • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
        • Sequence Analysis, DNA
        • Trans-Activators / genetics

        Conflict of Interest Statement

        The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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