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BMC veterinary research2011; 7; 65; doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-7-65

Expression patterns of intestinal calcium transport factors and ex-vivo absorption of calcium in horses.

Abstract: In many species, the small intestine is the major site of calcium (Ca(2+)) absorption. The horse differs considerably from most other species with regard to the physiology of its Ca(2+) metabolism and digestion. Thus, this study was performed to get more information about the transcellular Ca(2+) absorption in the horse.Two mechanisms of intestinal Ca(2+) absorption are described: the passive paracellular pathway and the active, vitamin D-dependent transcellular pathway. The latter involves the following elements: vitamin D receptors (VDR), transient receptor potential vanilloid channel members 5 and 6 (TRPV5/6), calbindin-D9k (CB), the Na/Ca exchanger (NCX1) and the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase (PMCA). The aim of the present study was to investigate the protein and mRNA expression patterns of VDR, CB and TRPV6 and the ex-vivo Ca(2+) absorption in horses, assessed by qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and the Ussing chamber technique. Results: Highest CB and TRPV6 mRNA levels were detected in the duodenum as compared to the middle parts of the jejunum and ileum and several sites of the large intestine. VDR mRNA levels did not change significantly throughout the intestine. TRPV5 mRNA was not detectable in the horse intestine. The highest VDR and CB protein levels were measured in the duodenum. Ussing chamber studies revealed ex-vivo Ca(2+) absorption only in the duodenum, but not in cecum and specific sites of the colon. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that TRPV6, CB and VDR may be involved in active intestinal Ca(2+) absorption in horses, as described for other mammals. TRPV5 may not play a major role in this process. Furthermore, the expression patterns of these Ca(2+) transport elements and the results of the Ussing chamber procedure indicate that a significant part of active intestinal Ca(2+) absorption occurs in the duodenum in this species.
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Publication Date: 2011-10-22 PubMed ID: 22017756PubMed Central: PMC3221622DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-7-65Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article looks into the intestinal calcium absorption in horses, studying how key elements related to this process such as vitamin D receptors (VDR), Calbindin-D9k (CB), and TRPV6 channel factor, are expressed in the horse’s body. The main finding suggests the majority of active calcium absorption occurs in the duodenum.

Study Approach and Elements

  • The research was aimed at understanding how calcium (Ca(2+)) is absorbed in the intestines of horses. It’s important to note that compared to many other species, horse physiology pertaining to calcium metabolism and digestion significantly varies.
  • Two primary mechanisms of calcium absorption are identified: the passive paracellular pathway and the active, vitamin D-dependent transcellular pathway. The latter involves multiple elements such as vitamin D receptors (VDR), transient receptor potential vanilloid channel members 5 and 6 (TRPV5/6), calbindin-D9k (CB), the Na/Ca exchanger (NCX1) and the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase (PMCA).
  • The research aimed to investigate the protein and mRNA expression patterns of VDR, CB and TRPV6 as they are the key players in the active, vitamin D-dependent transcellular pathway of calcium absorption.

Research Method and Results

  • The expression of these factors was scrutinized using various investigative techniques including qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and the Ussing chamber technique for assessing ex-vivo calcium absorption.
  • The results revealed that the highest levels of CB and TRPV6 mRNA were found in the duodenum, compared to the middle parts of the jejunum and ileum and several sites of the large intestine, indicating that duodenum primarily absorbs calcium in the horse’s body.
  • It was noted that VDR mRNA levels were almost consistent throughout the intestine. And TRPV5 mRNA was not detectable in the horse intestine indicating that it may not play a major role in calcium absorption.
  • Further, Ussing chamber studies have shown that ex-vivo calcium absorption took place only in the duodenum, not in other parts like the cecum and specific sites of the colon.

Conclusions of the Study

  • The study concluded that TRPV6, CB, and VDR could be integral in facilitating active intestinal calcium absorption as seen in other mammals, with TRPV5 possibly not playing a substantial role. Additionally, the expression patterns of these calcium transport elements and the results from the Ussing chamber technique suggest that the duodenum is a major site for active intestinal calcium absorption in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Sprekeler N, Müller T, Kowalewski MP, Liesegang A, Boos A. (2011). Expression patterns of intestinal calcium transport factors and ex-vivo absorption of calcium in horses. BMC Vet Res, 7, 65. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-7-65

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 7
Pages: 65

Researcher Affiliations

Sprekeler, Nele
  • Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. nelesprekeler@gmx.de
Müller, Tobias
    Kowalewski, Mariusz P
      Liesegang, Annette
        Boos, Alois

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Blotting, Western / veterinary
          • Calbindins
          • Calcium / metabolism
          • Female
          • Horses / metabolism
          • Ileum / metabolism
          • Intestinal Absorption
          • Intestine, Large / metabolism
          • Jejunum / metabolism
          • Male
          • Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases / metabolism
          • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
          • Receptors, Calcitriol / metabolism
          • S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / metabolism
          • TRPV Cation Channels / metabolism

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 2 times.
          1. Azarpeykan S, Dittmer KE, Marshall JC, Perera KC, Gee EK, Acke E, Thompson KG. Evaluation and Comparison of Vitamin D Responsive Gene Expression in Ovine, Canine and Equine Kidney. PLoS One 2016;11(9):e0162598.
            doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162598pubmed: 27632366google scholar: lookup
          2. Sprekeler N, Kowalewski MP, Boos A. TRPV6 and Calbindin-D9k-expression and localization in the bovine uterus and placenta during pregnancy. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012 Aug 29;10:66.
            doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-66pubmed: 22931437google scholar: lookup
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