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International journal of molecular sciences2019; 20(24); doi: 10.3390/ijms20246285

Expression Profile of the Chromosome 14 MicroRNA Cluster (C14MC) Ortholog in Equine Maternal Circulation throughout Pregnancy and Its Potential Implications.

Abstract: Equine chromosome 24 microRNA cluster (C24MC), the ortholog of human C14MC, is a pregnancy-related miRNA cluster. This cluster is believed to be implicated in embryonic, fetal, and placental development. The current study aimed to characterize the expression profile of this cluster in maternal circulation throughout equine gestation. The expression profile of miRNAs belonging to this cluster was analyzed in the serum of non-pregnant (diestrus), pregnant (25 d, 45 d, 4 mo, 6 mo, 10 mo), and postpartum mares. Among the miRNAs examined, 11 miRNAs were differentially expressed across the analyzed time-points. Four of these miRNAs (eca-miR-1247-3p, eca-miR-134-5p, eca-miR-382-5p, and eca-miR-433-3p) were found to be enriched in the serum of pregnant mares at Day 25 relative to non-pregnant mares. To further assess the accuracy of these miRNAs in differentiating pregnant (25 d) from non-pregnant mares, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for each of these miRNAs, revealing that eca-miR-1247-3p and eca-miR-134-5p had the highest accuracy (AUCROC = 0.92 and 0.91, respectively; p < 0.05). Moreover, eca-miR-1247-3p, eca-miR-134-5p, eca-miR-409-3p, and eca-miR-379-5p were enriched in the serum of Day 45 pregnant mares. Among those miRNAs, eca-miR-1247-3p and eca-miR-409-3p retained the highest accuracy as shown by ROC analysis. GO analysis revealed that these miRNAs are mainly implicated in nervous system development as well as organ development. Using in situ hybridization, we localized eca-miR-409-3p in the developing embryo (25 d) and extra-embryonic membranes (25 and 45 d). In conclusion, the present study is the first to elucidate the circulating maternal profile of C24MC-associated miRNAs throughout pregnancy and to suggest that serum eca-miR-1247-3p, eca-miR-134-5p, and eca-miR-409-3p could be used as pregnancy-specific markers during early gestation (25 and 45 d). Overall, the high abundance of these embryo-derived miRNAs in the maternal circulation suggests an embryo-maternal communication during the equine early pregnancy.
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Publication Date: 2019-12-13 PubMed ID: 31847075PubMed Central: PMC6941126DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246285Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research presents an examination of the behavior of a microRNA cluster in pregnant horses, investigating changes in its expression over the course of pregnancy, and looking into its possible role in the development of the embryo and placenta. Of the microRNAs in the group, four were noticeably higher during gestation, leading to the possibility they might serve as markers of early stages of pregnancy in horses.

Study Background and Aims

  • The study seeks to investigate a particular cluster of microRNAs (C24MC in horses, the equivalent of C14MC in humans) that are thought to be involved in the development of the embryo and placenta during pregnancy.
  • The goal is to profile their changes in expression over the course of gestation, using serum samples taken from mares at different stages of pregnancy and postpartum.
  • The microRNAs of interest are thought to hold potential as indicators of a horse’s gestation, with differential expression at different stages of the process.

Experimental Approach and Results

  • The researchers sampled serum from non-pregnant mares and those at various stages of pregnancy (25 days, 45 days, 4 months, 6 months, 10 months) and after pregnancy.
  • They found that four of the microRNAs (, , and ) were more abundant in the serum of pregnant mares on day 25 compared to non-pregnant mares.
  • ROC analysis was used to assess how well these microRNAs could distinguish between pregnant (25 days) and non-pregnant mares, revealing two of them as highly accurate indicators.
  • Further analysis showed a similar pattern for day 45 of pregnancy, with another pair of microRNAs showing greatest accuracy as markers according to ROC analysis.
  • In addition to this, GO analysis highlighted roles of these microRNAs in nervous system and organ development, and the researchers were able to locate one of the microRNAs in the embryo at day 25 and in extra-embryonic membranes at both day 25 and 45.

Conclusions and Implications

  • This work is the first to track the expression changes in this microRNA cluster over the course of gestation in horses.
  • It identifies a set of microRNAs that see a spike in expression in early pregnancy, suggesting they could be used as markers for this stage of gestation.
  • The association of this set with embryonic development hints at a communication mechanism between the embryo and the mother during these early stages.
  • The results of this study could therefore contribute to the understanding of developmental biology and assist in the field of veterinary medicine by providing new early pregnancy detection tools.

Cite This Article

APA
Dini P, El-Sheikh Ali H, Carossino M, C Loux S, Esteller-Vico A, E Scoggin K, Daels P, A Ball B. (2019). Expression Profile of the Chromosome 14 MicroRNA Cluster (C14MC) Ortholog in Equine Maternal Circulation throughout Pregnancy and Its Potential Implications. Int J Mol Sci, 20(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246285

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 20
Issue: 24

Researcher Affiliations

Dini, Pouya
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
El-Sheikh Ali, Hossam
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
  • Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Carossino, Mariano
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
  • Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
C Loux, Shavahn
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
Esteller-Vico, A
  • Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
E Scoggin, Kirsten
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
Daels, Peter
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
A Ball, Barry
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Chromosomes, Mammalian / metabolism
  • Circulating MicroRNA / blood
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
  • Horses
  • Multigene Family
  • Pregnancy / blood

Grant Funding

  • - / Universiteit Gent
  • - / University of Kentucky
  • - / Special Research Fund (BOF) at Ghent University, the Albert G. Clay Endowment and the Paul Mellon Postdoctoral fellowships at the University of Kentucky

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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