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Extensive mtDNA diversity in horses revealed by PCR-SSCP analysis.
Abstract: The hypervariable D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was amplified with the polymerase chain reaction using total horse DNA samples. Analysis of single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) of denatured amplification products was carried out by native polyacrylamide (8%) gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. As many as 15 distinct SSCP variants were revealed when screening a total of 78 maternally unrelated horses representing five different breeds. All breeds showed a high degree of polymorphism and the estimated probability (PImt) that two maternally unrelated individuals have, by chance, identical SSCP variants varied between 0.14 and 0.30. We detected no heteroplasmy or deviations from strict and stable maternal inheritance when examining four maternal lineages, each represented by six to eight horses, separated by up to five generations from a common ancestral mare. The study establishes a simple screening method for detecting equine mtDNA types, which can be applied for tracing maternal genealogies and for association studies.
Publication Date: 1995-06-01 PubMed ID: 7793689DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb03162.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research presents a new method for understanding the genetic diversity of horses through the analysis of their mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The researchers found a high degree of variation in the mtDNA across different horse breeds, which can be used to trace maternal lineages and perform other genetic studies.
Overview of the Study
- The researchers focused on a highly variable region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), often referred to as the D-loop region. Since mtDNA is inherited exclusively from the mother, it can be used to trace maternal lineages and understand genetic diversity across different breeds.
- This study made use of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify the D-loop region of the mtDNA from various horse DNA samples. The process of PCR allows for specific segments of DNA to be replicated multiple times, making them easier to analyze.
- To analyze these amplified DNA, the researchers used a technique known as Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP). This method separates DNA based on its single-strand shape, allowing researchers to detect even small variations in the DNA structure.
Findings of the Study
- This study analyzed a total of 78 horses from five different breeds. The researchers were able to identify as many as 15 distinct SSCP variants. This indicates a high level of diversity in the mtDNA of horses, even within specific breeds.
- The results varying probabilities suggest that the chance of two maternally unrelated horses having identical SSCP variants by accident ranged between 0.14 and 0.30, further emphasizing the high mtDNA polymorphism.
- In addition to the DNA variability, the researchers also confirmed that there were no instances of heteroplasmy, a condition where an individual contains more than one type of organelle genome, which could have caused variations in inheritance patterns.
- These findings reinforced the idea of stable and strict maternal inheritance of mtDNA, as evidenced through examining four maternal lineages, each represented by six to eight horses, separated by as many as five generations from a common ancestral mare.
Implications of the Research
- This study establishes a straightforward method for finding different variants of equine mtDNA, which can be applied for tracing maternal lineages in horses.
- The process can be used for association studies, with the ability to look at associations between certain mtDNA types and specific traits or disorders in horses.
- The research also contributes valuable insights into horse genetics and helps in documenting horse genetic diversity across different breeds, which can be useful in conservation efforts and managing breeding programs.
Cite This Article
APA
Marklund S, Chaudhary R, Marklund L, Sandberg K, Andersson L.
(1995).
Extensive mtDNA diversity in horses revealed by PCR-SSCP analysis.
Anim Genet, 26(3), 193-196.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb03162.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- DNA Primers
- DNA, Mitochondrial / genetics
- Female
- Genetic Variation
- Genomic Imprinting
- Horses / genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
- Species Specificity
Citations
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