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Home / Equine Research Bank / BMC Vet Res / Extracellular vesicles in low volume uterine lavage and seru...
BMC veterinary research2022; 18(1); 42; doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03137-3

Extracellular vesicles in low volume uterine lavage and serum: novel and promising biomarker for endometritis in Arabian mares.

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising biomarker and play a vital role in cell-cell communication. This study aimed (I) to identify and characterize EVs from low volume uterine lavage (LVL) and serum in mares with endometritis, compared to healthy controls and (II) to measure serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and prostaglandins (PGF and PGE). Mares were divided into 30 sub-fertile (endometritis) and 20 fertile (controls). Serum and LVL was collected for EV isolation, and determination of serum levels of inflammatory mediators. Characterization and visualization of EVs were done by electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and flow cytometry. Results: Serial ultracentrifugation of LVL and use of a commercial kit for serum were strategies for EVs isolation. Mares with endometritis released higher amounts of larger size EVs. The EVs from mares with endometritis differentially expressed CD9 and CD63, compared to controls. Mares suffering from endometritis evoked higher levels of inflammatory mediators. Conclusions: Thus, EVs could be used for a better understanding the regulatory mechanisms associated with developing endometritis in mares.
© 2022. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2022-01-18 PubMed ID: 35042518PubMed Central: PMC8764842DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03137-3Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) found in low volume uterine lavage and serum as a novel biomarker for endometritis in Arabian mares. The researchers discovered that mares with endometritis released more EVs of a larger size, which differentially expressed CD9 and CD63, and evoked higher levels of inflammatory mediators.

Introduction

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are microscopic particles released by cells that play a critical role in cell-cell communication.
  • This study aimed to investigate the potential of EVs found in uterine lavage and blood serum as a novel biomarker for endometritis in mares.
  • Endometritis is an inflammation of the lining of the uterus, which can lead to infertility in female horses. Identifying effective biomarkers for this condition could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment methodologies.

Methodology

  • A total of 50 mares were studied, including 30 sub-fertile (those with endometritis) and 20 fertile (used as controls).
  • For each mare, a small amount of fluid (low volume lavage) was collected from the uterus, and blood serum samples were taken for EV isolation.
  • Additionally, serum levels of specific inflammatory mediators, including Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and prostaglandins were measured as these have associations with endometritis.
  • The morphology and characteristics of the EVs were then analyzed using electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and flow cytometry.

Results

  • It was observed that mares suffering from endometritis released a higher number of larger size EVs than the control group.
  • The EVs from mares with endometritis differentially expressed two proteins, CD9 and CD63, compared to the control group. This differential expression could potentially be used as an indicator of endometritis.
  • Mares with endometritis also triggered higher levels of pro-inflammatory mediators – IL-6, prostaglandins – which further validate the state of inflammation in the uterus.

Conclusion

  • The study concluded that EVs present in uterine lavage and serum could provide valuable insight into the regulatory mechanisms that drive the development of endometritis in mares.
  • The increased number and size of EVs, along with differential protein expression and elevated inflammatory mediators, could serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing endometritis.

Cite This Article

APA
Ibrahim S, Hedia M, Taqi MO, Derbala MK, Mahmoud KGM, Ahmed Y, Sosa AS, Saber YHA, Hasanain MH, Nawito MF, Seidel GE. (2022). Extracellular vesicles in low volume uterine lavage and serum: novel and promising biomarker for endometritis in Arabian mares. BMC Vet Res, 18(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-022-03137-3

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages: 42
PII: 42

Researcher Affiliations

Ibrahim, Sally
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt. sally_rashad2004@yahoo.com.
Hedia, Mohamed
  • Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Taqi, Mohamed O
  • Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
Derbala, Mohamed K
  • Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Diagnostic Imaging and Endoscopy Unit, Giza, Egypt.
Mahmoud, Karima Gh M
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Ahmed, Youssef
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Sosa, A S
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Saber, Yasser H A
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Hasanain, M H
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Nawito, M F
  • Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Seidel, George E
  • Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers
  • Dinoprostone
  • Endometritis / diagnosis
  • Endometritis / veterinary
  • Extracellular Vesicles
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horses
  • Therapeutic Irrigation / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they don’t have any conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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