Fc receptors in livestock species.
Abstract: Many of the receptors for the Fc domain of immunoglobulins in cattle, sheep, pigs and horses have been cloned and characterized recently. This review summarises recent developments and relates them to the current understanding of the primary structure, cellular specificity and binding properties of Fc receptors (FcRs). Although there is an obvious overall similarity to their human and mouse counterparts, some Fc receptors in domestic animals are unusual, perhaps most notably the bovine Fcgamma2R, which although related to other mammalian FcgammaRs, belongs to a novel gene family and the porcine FcgammaRIIIA, which associates with a molecule that contains significant homology to the cathelin family of antimicrobial proteins. Accumulating data suggest the possibility of a different role for the FcRn in ruminants, which may secrete IgG onto the mucosal surfaces, rather than absorbing it, as was suggested by mouse studies. These differences may be linked to the diversity of immunoglobulin classes in different mammalian species, and may contribute to different immune functions. The observations made so far emphasize the importance of elucidating and analyzing the roles of these molecules within the immune system of each host animal, rather than inferring roles from conclusions made in human and mouse studies. A better understanding of Fc receptor expression on immune effector cells should help in developing new immunization protocols, while knowledge of the Fc receptors involved in immunoglobulin transport, especially in the mammary gland, may help to develop new products which could be used not only for veterinary purposes but perhaps also for human therapy.
Publication Date: 2004-11-16 PubMed ID: 15541789DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.06.008Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research describes the discovery and analysis of Fc receptors, a component of the immune response, in several livestock species. The study reveals that while similar to those in humans and mice, some Fc receptors in these animals exhibit interesting differences, potentially indicating different roles in immune functions. This knowledge could be used to develop new immunization protocols and therapeutics for both animals and humans.
Introduction to Fc Receptors
- Fc receptors (FcRs) are proteins found on the surface of various immune cells like B cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, etc.
- They play an essential role in the immune response by binding to a part of an antibody called the Fc region.
- This binding can trigger a variety of responses, such as cell destruction, inflammation, or regulation of immune response.
Recent Discoveries in Livestock Fc Receptors
- The paper discusses recent advances in characterizing the Fc receptors of cattle, sheep, pigs and horses.
- The primary structure, cellular specificity, and binding properties of FcRs in these animals were examined.
- While there were overall similarities with human and mouse counterparts, there were some notable differences. For example, the bovine Fcgamma2R belongs to a new gene family, and the porcine FcgammaRIIIA associates with a molecule similar to the cathelin family of antimicrobial proteins.
Different Roles for FcRs
- These differences might suggest diverse roles for the FcRs in different mammalian species, contributing to variations in immune functions.
- In ruminants, for example, FcRn might play a role in secreting immunoglobulin G (IgG) onto mucosal surfaces rather than absorbing it, a notion contrary to what mouse studies suggest.
Implications for Immunization and Therapy
- Understanding Fc receptor expression on immune effector cells might aid in creating new immunization protocols.
- Knowledge about the Fc receptors involved in immunoglobulin transport, especially in the mammary gland, might assist in generating new products for veterinary and potentially human therapeutic purposes.
Importance of Species-Specific Study
- These studies emphasize the importance of understanding the roles of Fc receptors within the immune system of each species, rather than drawing inferences from human or mouse studies.
Cite This Article
APA
Kacskovics I.
(2004).
Fc receptors in livestock species.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 102(4), 351-362.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.06.008 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1400 Budapest, P. O. Box 2, Budapest, Hungary. kacskovics.imre@aotk.szie.hu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cattle / immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation / immunology
- Horses / immunology
- Immunoglobulins / immunology
- Immunoglobulins / metabolism
- Receptors, Fc / immunology
- Receptors, Fc / metabolism
- Sheep / immunology
- Signal Transduction
- Species Specificity
- Swine / immunology
Citations
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