FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Sci / Fetal Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Hydramnios in a Qu...
Veterinary sciences2021; 8(10); doi: 10.3390/vetsci8100201

Fetal Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Hydramnios in a Quarter Horse Mare.

Abstract: Hydramnios is an excessive accumulation of fluid within the amniotic compartment. It is a rare condition in mares, often associated with fetal anomalies. Hydrops of fetal membranes predisposes to the rupture of the prepubic tendon, and many authors suggest the induction of parturition to preserve mare's reproductive career. This report presents the case of a 15-year-old multiparous Quarter Horse mare, referred at 268 days of gestation for suspected hydrops. Repeated ultrasonographic exams confirmed an increase in the depth of the amniotic fluid and reduced fetal viability. During the hospitalization, the mare developed a partial rupture of the prepubic tendon. In this case, a conservative approach was elected, and the mare was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and an abdominal support bandage. At 327 days of gestation, the mare gave birth to a foal with APGAR score 1. The resuscitation attempt was unsuccessful, and the foal died immediately. A post-mortem examination diagnosed a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) with pleuroperitoneal diaphragmatic eventration.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2021-09-22 PubMed ID: 34679031PubMed Central: PMC8538503DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100201Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Case Reports
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research discusses a case of a 15-year-old Quarter Horse mare that developed hydramnios, a condition that results in an excess accumulation of fluid within the amniotic sac, and delivered a foal affected by a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. A non-aggressive approach was employed for this unusual case, the outcomes of which, were unfortunately adverse.

Background and Case Overview

  • The study investigates a rare case of hydramnios in a mature Quarter Horse mare.
  • This is a condition where there’s an excessive build-up of fluid in the amniotic compartment, usually associated with fetal anomalies. It is a rare occurence in horses.
  • In this case report, the mare was admitted into veterinary care at 268 days of gestation exhibiting signs suggestive of hydramnios.
  • Ultrasonographic examinations confirmed an enlarged depth of amniotic fluid and a reduction in fetal viability, upholding the initial suspicions.

Developments and Treatment

  • While under veterinary care, the mare developed a partial rupture of the prepubic tendon, a complication often associated with hydrops of the fetal membranes.
  • In this case, a careful and conservative approach was favored given the circumstances.
  • The mare was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and decked out with an abdominal support bandage to manage the condition and prevent further complications.

Outcomes and Post-mortem Findings

  • The mare successfully delivered a foal at 327 days of gestation, though the foal had a very weak APGAR score (a quick test performed on a newborn) of 1, which indicated severe distress.
  • Efforts to resuscitate the newborn were unsuccessful and it died soon after birth.
  • The post-mortem examination revealed that the foal had a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), a birth defect that affects the muscle which separates the chest and the abdomen.
  • This diagnosis corroborated the suspicion of a fetal anomaly as a likely cause of hydramnios in the mare.

Cite This Article

APA
Lanci A, Ingallinesi M, Morini M, Freccero F, Castagnetti C, Mariella J. (2021). Fetal Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Hydramnios in a Quarter Horse Mare. Vet Sci, 8(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8100201

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 10

Researcher Affiliations

Lanci, Aliai
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Ingallinesi, Martina
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Morini, Maria
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Freccero, Francesca
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Castagnetti, Carolina
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
  • Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Mariella, Jole
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

This article includes 28 references
  1. Honnas CM, Spensley MS, Laverty S, Blanchard PC. Hydramnios causing uterine rupture in a mare.. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1988;193:334–336.
    pubmed: 3053548
  2. Sertich PL, Reef VB, Oristaglio-Turner RM, Habecker PL, Maxson AD. Hydrops amnii in a mare.. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1994;204:1481–1482.
    pubmed: 8050976
  3. Bucca S, Romano G. Un caso di idramnios in una fattrice in gestazione avanzata.. Ippologia 2000;11:35–38.
  4. Christensen BW, Troedsson MHT, Murchie TA, Pozor MA, MacPherson ML, Estrada AH, Carrillo NA, Mackay RJ, Roberts GD, Langlois J. Management of hydrops amnion in a mare resulting in birth of a live foal.. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2006;228:1228–1233.
    doi: 10.2460/javma.228.8.1228pubmed: 16618227google scholar: lookup
  5. Arthur GH. The fetal fluids of domestic animals.. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 1969;9:45–52.
    pubmed: 4917717
  6. Vandeplassche M, Bouters R, Spincemaille J, Bonte P. Dropsy of the fetal sacs in mares: Induced and spontaneous abortion.. Vet. Rec. 1976;99:67–69.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.99.4.67pubmed: 986718google scholar: lookup
  7. Roberts SJ. Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital Diseases (Theriogenology) 3rd ed.. .
  8. Wintour E, Barnes A, Brown E, Hardy K, Horacek I, McDougall J, Scoggins B. The role of deglutition in the production of hydramnios.. Theriogenology 1977;8:160.
    doi: 10.1016/0093-691X(77)90122-4google scholar: lookup
  9. Jalim SL. Prepubic tendon rupture in the mare.. Equine Vet. Educ. 2020;32:39–45.
    doi: 10.1111/eve.12922google scholar: lookup
  10. Ross J, Palmer JE, Wilkins PA. Body wall tears during late pregnancy in mares: 13 cases (1995–2006). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2008;232:257–261.
    doi: 10.2460/javma.232.2.257pubmed: 18275394google scholar: lookup
  11. Diel de Amorim M, Montanholi Y, Morrison M, Rodriguez ML, Card C. Comparison of Foaling Prediction Technologies in Periparturient Standardbred Mares.. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 2019;77:86–92.
    doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.02.015pubmed: 31133324google scholar: lookup
  12. Renaudin CD, Troedsson MHT, Gillis CL. Transrectal ultrasonographic evaluation of the normal equine placenta.. Equine Vet. Educ. 1999;11:75–76.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.1999.tb00925.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  13. Reef VB, Vaala WE, Worth LT, Spencer PA, Hammett B. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Fetus and Intrauterine Environment in Healthy Mares during Late Gestation.. Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound. 1995;36:533–541.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.1995.tb00308.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  14. Bucca S, Fogarty U, Collins A, Small V. Assessment of feto-placental well-being in the mare from mid-gestation to term: Transrectal and transabdominal ultrasonographic features.. Theriogenology 2005;64:542–557.
    doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.05.011pubmed: 15993936google scholar: lookup
  15. Fogle C, Davis J, Yechuri B, Cordle K, Marshall J, Blikslager A. Ex vivo COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition in equine blood by phenylbutazone, flunixin meglumine, meloxicam and firocoxib: Informing clinical NSAID selection.. Equine Vet. Educ. 2021;33:198–207.
    doi: 10.1111/eve.13280google scholar: lookup
  16. Reef VB, Vaala WE, Worth LT, Sertich PL, Spencer PA. Ultrasonographic assessment of fetal well-being during late gestation: Development of an equine biophysical profile.. Equine Vet. J. 1996;28:200–208.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03773.xpubmed: 28976710google scholar: lookup
  17. Bauer JE, Harvey JW, Asquith RL, McNulty PK, Kivipelto J. Clinical chemistry reference values of foals during the first year of life.. Equine Vet. J. 1984;16:361–363.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01944.xpubmed: 6479134google scholar: lookup
  18. Schlafer DH. Postmortem examination of the equine placenta, fetus and neonate, methods and interpretation of findings.. Proc. Am. Ass. Equine Pract. 2004;50:144–161.
  19. Pozor M. Equine placenta–A clinician’s perspective. Part 2: Abnormalities.. Equine Vet. Educ. 2016;28:396–404.
    doi: 10.1111/eve.12514google scholar: lookup
  20. Ben-Chetrit A, Hochner-Celnikier D, Ron M, Yagel S. Hydramnios in the third trimester of pregnancy:A change in the distribution of accompanying fetal anomalies as a result of early ultrasonographic prenatal diagnosis.. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1990;162:1344–1345.
    doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90058-Fpubmed: 2187359google scholar: lookup
  21. McKelvey A, Stanwell J, Smeulders N, Nasr R, Curry J, Pandya P. Persistent non-visualisation of the fetal stomach: Diagnostic and prognostic implications.. Arch. Dis. Child Fetal Neonatal. 2010;95:F439–F442.
    doi: 10.1136/adc.2009.179341pubmed: 20538709google scholar: lookup
  22. Agnew ME, Slack J, Stefanovski D, Linton JK, Sertich PL. Sonographic appearance of the late gestation equine fetal intestine.. Theriogenology 2019;138:121–126.
    doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.07.006pubmed: 31326658google scholar: lookup
  23. Frazer G. Hydrops, ruptures and torsions.. Proc. Soc. Therio. 2000:33–38.
  24. Windsor P. Abnormalities of Development and Pregnancy in Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics.. 2019. pp. 168–194.
  25. Tăbăran AF, Nagy AL, Cătoi C, Morar I, Tăbăran A, Mihai M, Bolfa P. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia with concurrent aplasia of the pericardium in a foal.. BMC Vet. Res. 2015;11:309.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0623-2pmc: PMC4696192pubmed: 26715552google scholar: lookup
  26. Kelmer G, Kramer J, Wilson DA. Diaphragmatic Hernia: Etiology, Clinical Presentation, and Diagnosis.. Compend. Equine. 2008;3:28–35.
  27. Keijzer R, Liu J, Deimling J, Tibboel D, Post M. Dual-Hit Hypothesis Explains Pulmonary Hypoplasia in the Nitrofen Model of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.. Am. J. Pathol. 2000;156:1299–1306.
    doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65000-6pmc: PMC1876880pubmed: 10751355google scholar: lookup
  28. Babiuk RP, Greer JJ. Diaphragm defects occur in a CDH hernia model independently of myogenesis and lung formation.. Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2002;283:L1310–L1314.
    doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00257.2002pubmed: 12388344google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,075 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.