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Fetal tissue transplantation for immunotherapy of combined immunodeficiency in horses.
Abstract: Six young horses with combined immunodeficiency were given liver cells intravenously or intraperitoneally and thymuses subcutaneously from equine fetuses ranging from 68 to 110 days of gestational age. Three of four horses given cells from fetuses over 90 days of age developed lesions compatible with graft versus host reactions. One horse given cells from an 80-day fetus developed mitogen-responsive lymphocytes, synthesized immunoglobulins of the four major equine classes, and survived to 11.5 months of age. The sixth foal receiving cells from a 68-day fetus showed no discernable effects from the transplant. Parallel in vitro studies were performed to determine the fetal age at which phytolectin-responsive and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)-responsive cells appear in fetal tissues. Phytolectin-responsive cells were present in the thymus from 80 days of age, in peripheral blood from 120 days of age, in mesenteric lymph nodes from 180 days, and in the spleen at 200 days of age. Erratic responses were observed with liver cells and no detectable stimulation was observed with bone marrow cells. MLC-responsive cells were present in the thymus as early as 100 days of gestation. The results of these in vivo and in vitro studies indicate equine fetal liver and thymus cells can be used in combination to partially restore immunological function in a genetically based combined immunodeficiency disorder of horses. Furthermore, cells and tissues from equine fetuses around 80 days of age may be effective in achieving reconstitution without inducing severe graft versus host reactions.
Publication Date: 1979-02-01 PubMed ID: 33778DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(79)90012-6Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The research article explains a study conducted on young horses suffering from combined immunodeficiency, where they were treated with fetal liver cells and thymus transplanted from equine fetuses of varying gestational ages. The study discovered the potential of this method in partially restoring the horses’ immune function, particularly when cells were derived from fetuses around 80 days old.
Research Methodology
- The study was conducted on six young horses diagnosed with combined immunodeficiency.
- These horses were subjected to transplantation using liver cells and thymuses from equine fetuses. These fetuses ranged from 68 to 110 days of gestational age. The liver cells were given either intravenously or intraperitoneally, while the thymuses were administered subcutaneously.
Key Findings
- Out of the four horses given cells from fetuses older than 90 days, three developed graft vs. host reactions, showing lesions post-transplant.
- A horse that was given cells from an 80-day old fetus responded positively, developing mitogen-responsive lymphocytes and synthesizing immunoglobulins of the four major equine classes. This horse survived up to 11.5 months of age post-transplant.
- The foal given cells from a 68-day old fetus did not show any discernable effects.
In Vitro Studies
- In addition to the in vivo studies, parallel in vitro studies were conducted to ascertain the fetal age at which phytolectin-responsive and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)-responsive cells appear in fetal tissues.
- The in vitro results showed that phytolectin-responsive cells were present in the thymus from 80 days of age, in peripheral blood from 120 days of age, in mesenteric lymph nodes from 180 days, and in the spleen at 200 days of age.
- MLC-responsive cells were present in the thymus as early as 100 days of gestation.
- The liver cell responses were inconsistent and no detectable stimulation was observed with bone marrow cells.
Conclusions
- The results suggest that equine fetal liver and thymus cells can be used in combination to partially restore immunological function in horses with a genetically based combined immunodeficiency disorder.
- This method of transplantation is particularly effective when cells are sourced from fetuses around 80 days old as it may avert severe graft vs. host reactions.
Cite This Article
APA
Perryman LE, Buening GM, McGuire TC, Torbeck RL, Poppie MJ, Sale GE.
(1979).
Fetal tissue transplantation for immunotherapy of combined immunodeficiency in horses.
Clin Immunol Immunopathol, 12(2), 238-251.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-1229(79)90012-6 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Fetus / immunology
- Graft vs Host Reaction
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin A / biosynthesis
- Immunoglobulins
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / therapy
- Lectins / pharmacology
- Leukocyte Count
- Liver Transplantation
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Lymphocytes
- Skin Tests
- Thymus Gland / transplantation
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Thomas HC, Epstein O. Pathogenic mechanisms in primary biliary cirrhosis. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1980 Dec;3(3):375-84.
- Magnuson NS, Perryman LE. In vitro of adenosine on lymphocytes and erythrocytes from horses with combined immunodeficiency. J Clin Invest 1979 Jul;64(1):89-101.
- Kolb H, Sale GE, Lerner KG, Storb R, Thomas ED. Pathology of acute graft-versus-host disease in the dog. An autopsy study of ninety-five dogs. Am J Pathol 1979 Aug;96(2):581-94.
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