First application of axial speed of sound to follow up injured equine tendons.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
The study presents a novel method for assessing healing progress in tendon injuries in horses, using the ‘axial speed of sound’ (SOS). This could provide supplementary data to the traditional ultrasonography, as SOS measurements show good correlation with tendon stiffness, a crucial factor in injury recovery.
Research Purpose and Methodology
The primary aim of this research was to test the effectiveness of the axial speed of sound (SOS) as a tool for tracking the healing progression of equine tendon injuries. This was motivated by the need to overcome the limitations of ultrasonography, the established method for such purpose. Ultrasonography, the study notes, tends to present the lesions as ecologically normal before the tendons are ready to fully bear the stress of exercise.
- The research involved 11 horses with superficial digital flexor tendon injuries, whose healing was monitored over a period of 15 weeks.
- The axial SOS was measured in the injured tendons at intervals over this period, and these measurements were compared with an ultrasonographic grading system.
Findings and Interpretations
The study found that the axial SOS of the injured tendons fell significantly two weeks after the induction of a core lesion surgically. The smallest SOS values occurred between the seventh and tenth week, showing that the tendons were most vulnerable at this time.
- In comparison, the ultrasonographic grade was lowest in the third week, implying that according to this technique, the tendons were weakest at this period, and then increased beyond this point.
- The ultrasonographic grading and the axial SOS of the tendons showed a correlation at the end of the 15 week period, indicating that SOS provides information similar to ultrasonography at this stage.
Conclusions and Implications
The results from this study suggest that axial SOS can supplement the information provided by ultrasonography in monitoring the healing of equine tendon injuries. Specifically, SOS measurements can furnish additional information on the stiffness of the tendon, which is an essential aspect of its recovery and readiness to take up the normal loads of exercise. Therefore, an axial SOS could potentially be a clinically useful tool for veterinarians and those involved in animal care.
Cite This Article
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, USC 957 BPLC, Maisons-Alfort, France. c.vergari@gmail.com
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Follow-Up Studies
- Horses
- Prognosis
- Reproducibility of Results
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Tendon Injuries / diagnostic imaging
- Tendons / diagnostic imaging
- Ultrasonography / methods
- Ultrasonography / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Wearing SC, Hooper SL, Langton CM, Keiner M, Horstmann T, Crevier-Denoix N, Pourcelot P. The Biomechanics of Musculoskeletal Tissues during Activities of Daily Living: Dynamic Assessment Using Quantitative Transmission-Mode Ultrasound Techniques. Healthcare (Basel) 2024 Jun 24;12(13).
- Wulf M, Shanker M, Schuetz M, Lutz M, Langton CM, Hooper SL, Smeathers JE, Brauner T, Wearing SC. Lower material stiffness in rupture-repaired Achilles tendon during walking: transmission-mode ultrasound for post-surgical tendon evaluation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Jul;26(7):2030-2037.
- Spinella G, Britti D, Loprete G, Musella V, Romagnoli N, Vilar JM, Valentini S. Relative Echogenicity of Tendons and Ligaments of the Palmar Metacarpal Region in Foals from Birth to 4 Months of Age: A Longitudinal Study. PLoS One 2016;11(7):e0159953.
- Ellison M, Kobayashi H, Delaney F, Danielson K, Vanderby R Jr, Muir P, Forrest LJ. Feasibility and repeatability for in vivo measurements of stiffness gradients in the canine gastrocnemius tendon using an acoustoelastic strain gauge. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2013 Sep-Oct;54(5):548-54.
