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Home / Equine Research Bank / Parasitol Res / First molecular evidence of Babesia caballi and Theileria eq...
Parasitology research2018; 117(10); 3109-3118; doi: 10.1007/s00436-018-6005-5

First molecular evidence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi infections in horses in Cuba.

Abstract: Equine piroplasmosis is a disease of Equidae, including horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras, caused by either Theileria equi or Babesia caballi. This disease represents a serious problem for the horse industry and its control is critical for the international trade of horses. The objective of the present study was to detect B. caballi and T. equi infections in horses reared in western Cuba. Blood samples from 100 horses were tested for the presence of piroplasms by using Giemsa-stained blood smears and nested PCR (nPCR) assays targeting merozoite antigen genes of B. caballi (bc48) and T. equi (ema-1). All animals were inspected for the detection of tick infestation and tick specimens were collected for species identification. Erythrocyte inclusions were observed in 13 (13%) of the analyzed samples. nPCR analysis showed that 25 (25%) samples were positive for B. caballi, 73 (73%) for T. equi, and 20 (20%) showed dual infections. Only one tick species was found infesting horses, Dermacentor nitens. In addition, three nearly full-length sequences of T. equi 18S rRNA gene were obtained and subjected to phylogenetic analyses. This study reports a high prevalence of T. equi and B. caballi single and coinfections in horses in western Cuba. Molecular analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of T. equi suggested that different genotypes of this hemoparasite circulate in Cuba. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the molecular detection of B. caballi and T. equi in horses in Cuba.
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Publication Date: 2018-07-23 PubMed ID: 30033488DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6005-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article presents the first molecular detection of pathogens, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, causing equine piroplasmosis in horses in western Cuba.

Study Objective and Methodology

  • The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of equine piroplasmosis, a disease detrimental to the horse industry – caused by parasites Theileria equi or Babesia caballi – in horses in western Cuba.
  • To achieve this, 100 horses were sampled and their blood tested for piroplasms using Giemsa-stained blood smears and nested PCR (nPCR) assays that targeted the merozoite antigen genes of Babesia caballi (bc48) and Theileria equi (ema-1).
  • Each horse was also examined for the presence of ticks, any found were collected and further identified by species.

Findings

  • Erythrocyte inclusions, a typical sign of piroplasm infection, were present in about 13% of the blood samples analyzed.
  • The nPCR assays found out that 25% of the samples tested positive for Babesia caballi, 73% for Theileria equi, while in 20%, both parasites were detected evidencing dual infections.
  • Only one tick species, Dermacentor nitens, was found on the horses. This suggests a possible vector for the transmission of these types of infections.
  • Three nearly full-length sequences of Theileria equi 18S rRNA gene were obtained, and phylogenetic analyses indicated the circulation of various genotypes of the parasite in Cuba.

Conclusion and Significance

  • The study concluded with the report of a high prevalence of equine piroplasmosis, both single and co-infections of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses in the western part of Cuba. This implies the common occurrence of these parasitic diseases in the region.
  • Additionally, the molecular investigation of the 18S rRNA gene of Theileria equi indicates the existence of different genotypes of this haemoparasite in Cuba.
  • Of high significance is that, this is the first report portraying molecular detection of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses in Cuba, underpinning the importance of proactive disease surveillance and the need for effective control measures to limit the spread of equine piroplasmosis.

Cite This Article

APA
Díaz-Sánchez AA, Pires MS, Estrada CY, Cañizares EV, Del Castillo Domínguez SL, Cabezas-Cruz A, Rivero EL, da Fonseca AH, Massard CL, Corona-González B. (2018). First molecular evidence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi infections in horses in Cuba. Parasitol Res, 117(10), 3109-3118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-6005-5

Publication

Parasitology research
ISSN: 1432-1955
NlmUniqueID: 8703571
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 117
Issue: 10
Pages: 3109-3118

Researcher Affiliations

Díaz-Sánchez, Adrian Alberto
  • National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 22 1/2, 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
Pires, Marcus Sandes
  • Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR 465, km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000, Brazil.
Estrada, Carlos Yrurzun
  • Department of Animal Prevention, Veterinary Medicine College, Agrarian University of Habana (UNAH), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 23 1/2, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
Cañizares, Ernesto Vega
  • National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 22 1/2, 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
Del Castillo Domínguez, Sergio Luis
  • National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 22 1/2, 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro
  • UMR BIPAR, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Rivero, Evelyn Lobo
  • National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 22 1/2, 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
da Fonseca, Adivaldo Henrique
  • Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR 465, km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000, Brazil.
Massard, Carlos Luiz
  • Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR 465, km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000, Brazil.
Corona-González, Belkis
  • National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 22 1/2, 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba. bcorona@censa.edu.cu.
  • Animal Health Division, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), Carretera de Tapaste y Autopista Nacional, km 22 1/2, 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba. bcorona@censa.edu.cu.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Babesia / genetics
  • Babesia / isolation & purification
  • Babesiosis / epidemiology
  • Cattle
  • Coinfection
  • Cuba / epidemiology
  • Equidae / parasitology
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses / parasitology
  • Male
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Prevalence
  • Theileria / genetics
  • Theileria / isolation & purification
  • Theileriasis / epidemiology
  • Tick Infestations / veterinary
  • Ticks / parasitology

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Citations

This article has been cited 9 times.
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