Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Musculoskeletal and Neuromuscular Control Abnormalities in Horses – Selected Case Studies.
Abstract: When diagnosing neuromuscular injury and pain, the use of biomechanical evaluations to assess the mechanics of movement patterns has been useful in the human population. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a technology that can create action potentials to produce musculoskeletal movement that is almost indistinguishable from the voluntary kinematics produced by the nervous system. To create controlled and precise musculoskeletal movements in humans and in horses, FES has been shown to be effective. In humans, the kinematic information obtained from FES data has been utilized to direct further diagnostics, and/or to assist in the development of specific treatment protocols. In addition, since FES creates dynamic movement while in a static position, the ability to isolate the regions of dysfunction improves without the confounding factors of over-the-ground movement and other artifacts caused by environmental stimuli. This paper explores the transfer of the use of FES in human diagnostics to clinical use in horses. Three equine case studies discuss how FES was employed as a tool in the diagnosis and treatment of equine musculoskeletal and neuromuscular control disorders.
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2022-07-10 PubMed ID: 35830906DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104078Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article explores the application of a technology called Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in diagnosing and treating horse neuromuscular disorders. The technology, which has been successfully used in humans, helps to simulate natural movements, allowing for a more precise pinpointing of problematic regions.
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)
- Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is a sophisticated technology emulating action potentials to generate muscle movements closely resembling those directed by the nervous system.
- This mechanism assists in generating specific musculoskeletal movements in both humans and animals, particularly horses.
Advantages of FES
- The information derived from FES helps direct diagnostic procedures and treatment protocols in human patients.
- FES simulates dynamic movement while the subject is static, improving the isolation of dysfunctional regions without outside environmental stimuli.
Transfer of FES Application from Human to Horses
- The research focusses on the transference of FES application from humans to horses, which is particularly beneficial in veterinary diagnostics.
- By replicating voluntary kinematics in a controlled setting, FES provides a refined way of diagnosing and treating horses.
Case Studies of FES Use in Equine Treatment
- Three separate equine case studies are detailed, elucidating how FES was used as a diagnostic and treatment tool for musculoskeletal and neuromuscular control disorders.
- The analysis of these cases provides insights on the practical utilization and efficacy of FES in equine clinical treatment.
Cite This Article
APA
Schils S, Ober T.
(2022).
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Musculoskeletal and Neuromuscular Control Abnormalities in Horses – Selected Case Studies.
J Equine Vet Sci, 117, 104078.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104078 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- EquiNew Therapy LLC, River Falls, WI. Electronic address: sbschils@EquiNew.com.
- Steele and Associates, Vernon, NY.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Electric Stimulation / methods
- Horses
- Humans
- Locomotion
- Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
- Stroke Rehabilitation
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Domańska-Kruppa N, Wierzbicka M, Stefanik E. Advances in the Clinical Diagnostics to Equine Back Pain: A Review of Imaging and Functional Modalities. Animals (Basel) 2024 Feb 23;14(5).
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