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Home / Equine Research Bank / Viruses / Genetic Characterization of a Novel Equus caballus Papilloma...
Viruses2023; 15(3); 650; doi: 10.3390/v15030650

Genetic Characterization of a Novel Equus caballus Papillomavirus Isolated from a Thoroughbred Mare.

Abstract: Papillomaviruses (PVs) are small, non-enveloped viruses, ubiquitous across the animal kingdom. PVs induce diverse forms of infection, such as cutaneous papillomas, genital papillomatosis, and carcinomas. During a survey on the fertility status of a mare, a novel PV (EcPV) has been identified using Next Generation Sequencing, and it was further confirmed with genome-walking PCR and Sanger sequencing. The complete circular genome 7607 bp long shares 67% average percentage of identity with EcPV9, EcPV2, EcPV1, and EcPV6, justifying a new classification as PV 10 (EcPV10). All EcPV genes are conserved in EcPV10, and phylogenetic analysis indicates that EcPV10 is closely related to EcPV9 and EcPV2, genus Dyoiota 1. A preliminary EcPV10 genoprevalence study, carried out on 216 horses using Real Time PCRs, suggested a low incidence of this isolate (3.7%) compared to EcPVs of the same genus such as EcPV2 and EcPV9 in the same horse population. We hypothesize a transmission mechanism different from the one observed in the closely related EcPV9 and EcPV2 that particularly infect Thoroughbreds. This horse breed is usually submitted to natural mating, thus indicating a possible sexual diffusion. No differences were detected for breeds in terms of susceptibility to EcPV10. Further studies are needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the host and EcPV10 infection to explain the reduced viral spread.
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Publication Date: 2023-02-28 PubMed ID: 36992359PubMed Central: PMC10059215DOI: 10.3390/v15030650Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research entails the discovery of a novel papillomavirus (PV) in horses. The gene of this PV, known as EcPV10, was identified during a fertility survey of a mare using Next Generation Sequencing; and the low incidence of this isolate in comparison to other similar PVs suggests a different mode of transmission.

Objectives and Process

  • The study was based on the identification of a novel papillomavirus (PV) in an individual mare, and further genomic examination and comparison with other known PVs.
  • The team used Next Generation Sequencing, along with genome-walking PCR and Sanger sequencing methods, to identify this development and confirm it as a new PV variant, EcPV10.
  • Additionally, the study found that the complete circular genome of EcPV10 was 7607 base pairs long and shared on average 67% identity with several known EcPVs, reinforcing its status as a new classification.

Results and Findings

  • All genes of EcPVs were preserved in EcPV10, and its close relationship to other EcPVs was indicated by phylogenetic analysis.
  • An initial study into the prevalence of EcPV10 on 216 horses showed a lower incidence compared to other PVs in the same genus, accounting for only 3.7% of cases.
  • The low incidence suggests that EcPV10 might have a different transmission method compared to EcPV9 and EcPV2, which are commonly present in Thoroughbreds.

Additional Hypotheses and Future Studies

  • The researchers suggest that the breed, which undergoes natural mating, could be a factor pointing to a sexual diffusion mechanism. However, no breed-specific susceptibility differences were detected for EcPV10.
  • As the study focuses on genetic identification and primary incidence checks, the authors underline the importance of further research to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the host and EcPV10 infection.
  • These future studies would be important to explain why the new PV variant has a reduced viral spread compared to other PVs in the same genus.

Cite This Article

APA
Turco S, Gabbianelli F, Mavian CN, Pietrucci D, De Paolis L, Gialletti R, Mechelli L, De Ciucis CG, Cappelli K, Dell'Anno F, Mecocci S, Donato GG, Nervo T, Fruscione F, Crescio MI, Ghelardi A, Chillemi G, Razzuoli E. (2023). Genetic Characterization of a Novel Equus caballus Papillomavirus Isolated from a Thoroughbred Mare. Viruses, 15(3), 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030650

Publication

Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
NlmUniqueID: 101509722
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
PII: 650

Researcher Affiliations

Turco, Silvia
  • Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Gabbianelli, Federica
  • Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Mavian, Carla N
  • Emerging Pathogen Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
  • Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Pietrucci, Daniele
  • Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
De Paolis, Livia
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Piazza Borgo Pila 29/34, 16129 Genova, Italy.
Gialletti, Rodolfo
  • Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Mechelli, Luca
  • Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
De Ciucis, Chiara Grazia
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Piazza Borgo Pila 29/34, 16129 Genova, Italy.
Cappelli, Katia
  • Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Dell'Anno, Filippo
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Piazza Borgo Pila 29/34, 16129 Genova, Italy.
Mecocci, Samanta
  • Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Donato, Gian Guido
  • Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
Nervo, Tiziana
  • Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
Fruscione, Floriana
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Piazza Borgo Pila 29/34, 16129 Genova, Italy.
Crescio, Maria Ines
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Piazza Borgo Pila 29/34, 16129 Genova, Italy.
Ghelardi, Alessandro
  • Azienda Usl Toscana Nord-Ovest, UOC Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Nuovo Ospedale Apuane, Via Enrico Mattei 21, 54100 Massa, Italy.
Chillemi, Giovanni
  • Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Razzuoli, Elisabetta
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Piazza Borgo Pila 29/34, 16129 Genova, Italy.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Female
  • Phylogeny
  • Horse Diseases
  • Papillomavirus Infections
  • Papillomaviridae
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Papilloma / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Maggi R, De Paolis L, De Santis D, Vellone VG, De Ciucis CG, Fruscione F, Mazzocco K, Ghelardi A, Marruchella G, Razzuoli E. Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1 Infection in an Equine Congenital Papilloma.. Pathogens 2023 Aug 18;12(8).
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