Genetic diversity of piroplasmids species in equids from island of São Luís, northeastern Brazil.
Abstract: Equine piroplasmosisis, a tick-borne disease caused by the intra-erythrocytic protozoans Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, has economic importance due to the international trade and the increased movement of horses all over the world. The goal of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of phylogenetic diversity of T. equi and B. caballi genotypes among infected equids from São Luís Island, state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Between December of 2011 and June of 2012, EDTA-blood and serum samples were collected from 139 equids (90 donkeys, 39 horses and 10 mules). From 139 serum samples submitted to ELISA assay, IgG antibodies to T. equi and B. caballi were detected in 19.4% (27/139) and 25.2% (35/139), respectively. Among sampled animals, 21.6% (30/139) and 55.4% (77/139) were positive for cPCR assays for T. equi and B. caballi, based on ema-1 and rap-1 genes, respectively. Overall, the T. equi sequences (n=7) submitted to Maximum Likelihood analysis (based on a 18S rRNA fragment of 1700 bp after alignment) grouped into three main groups, which were subdivided in eight clusters. The present work showed that different genotypes of T. equi and B. caballi circulate among equids in Brazil.
Publication Date: 2017-10-05 PubMed ID: 28977247DOI: 10.1590/S1984-29612017046Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This study investigates the genetic diversity of two parasite species, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, amongst horses, mules, and donkeys on São Luís Island in northeastern Brazil. The parasites cause equine piroplasmosis, a tick-borne disease impacting horse industry worldwide.
Objective of the Research
- The primary aim of this research was to evaluate the variety in the genetic types of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi parasites present in horses, mules, and donkeys from São Luís Island in northeastern Brazil.
Methodology
- The research took place between December 2011 and June 2012. Blood and serum samples were gathered from 139 equids, consisting of donkeys, horses, and mules.
- These samples were tested using an ELISA assay, looking for IgG antibodies to Theileria equi and Babesia caballi.
- The research methodology also involved cPCR assays for the parasites, based on the detection of ema-1 and rap-1 genes.
Findings
- Theiliaria equi antibodies were detected in 19.4% of the sample population, the Babesia caballi antibodies were found in 25.2% of the animals.
- cPCR assays revealed a higher percentage of positive results, with 21.6% and 55.4% equids being positive for T. equi and B. caballi, respectively.
- The T. equi sequences were divided into three main groups, which were further categorized into eight subsets.
Conclusion
- From this research, it was noted that various genotypes of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi circulate amongst equids in Brazil.
Cite This Article
APA
Braga MDSCO, Costa FN, Gomes DRM, Xavier DR, André MR, Gonçalves LR, Freschi CR, Machado RZ.
(2017).
Genetic diversity of piroplasmids species in equids from island of São Luís, northeastern Brazil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet, 26(3), 331-339.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612017046 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Babesia / genetics
- Babesia / isolation & purification
- Brazil
- Equidae / parasitology
- Female
- Genetic Variation
- Male
- Theileria / genetics
- Theileria / isolation & purification
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Ochi A, Kidaka T, Hakimi H, Asada M, Yamagishi J. Chromosome-level genome assembly of Babesia caballi reveals diversity of multigene families among Babesia species.. BMC Genomics 2023 Aug 24;24(1):483.
- Schnittger L, Ganzinelli S, Bhoora R, Omondi D, Nijhof AM, Florin-Christensen M. The Piroplasmida Babesia, Cytauxzoon, and Theileria in farm and companion animals: species compilation, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary insights.. Parasitol Res 2022 May;121(5):1207-1245.
- Elsawy BSM, Nassar AM, Alzan HF, Bhoora RV, Ozubek S, Mahmoud MS, Kandil OM, Mahdy OA. Rapid Detection of Equine Piroplasms Using Multiplex PCR and First Genetic Characterization of Theileria haneyi in Egypt.. Pathogens 2021 Oct 31;10(11).
- Torres R, Hurtado C, Pérez-Macchi S, Bittencourt P, Freschi C, de Mello VVC, Machado RZ, André MR, Müller A. Occurrence and Genetic Diversity of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in Chilean Thoroughbred Racing Horses.. Pathogens 2021 Jun 7;10(6).
- Tirosh-Levy S, Gottlieb Y, Fry LM, Knowles DP, Steinman A. Twenty Years of Equine Piroplasmosis Research: Global Distribution, Molecular Diagnosis, and Phylogeny.. Pathogens 2020 Nov 8;9(11).
- Onyiche TE, Suganuma K, Igarashi I, Yokoyama N, Xuan X, Thekisoe O. A Review on Equine Piroplasmosis: Epidemiology, Vector Ecology, Risk Factors, Host Immunity, Diagnosis and Control.. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 May 16;16(10).
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