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Home / Equine Research Bank / FEMS Microbiol Lett / Glanders: off to the races with Burkholderia mallei.
FEMS microbiology letters2007; 277(2); 115-122; doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00949.x

Glanders: off to the races with Burkholderia mallei.

Abstract: Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agent of the disease known as glanders, is primarily a disease affecting horses and is transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals. The use of B. mallei as a biological weapon has been reported and currently, there is no vaccine available for either humans or animals. Despite the history and highly infective nature of B. mallei, as well as its potential use as a bio-weapon, B. mallei research to understand the pathogenesis and the host responses to infection remains limited. Therefore, this minireview will focus on current efforts to elucidate B. mallei virulence, the associated host immune responses elicited during infection and discuss the feasibility of vaccine development.
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Publication Date: 2007-11-23 PubMed ID: 18031330DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00949.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article explores the virulence of Burkholderia mallei, the bacteria causing the disease known as glanders, its effect on the host’s immune response, and the potential for producing a vaccine to counter it.

Overview of Glanders and Burkholderia mallei

  • Glanders is a disease primarily affecting horses, but it can also infect humans who are in direct contact with infected animals. It is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei.
  • The disease is known for its highly infective nature and its potential use as a biological weapon. Indeed, there were reports of B. mallei being used in this way in the past.

Lack of Research on Burkholderia mallei and Glanders

  • Despite its dangerous nature, research on B. mallei and hence the disease glanders is notably minimal. This limits our understanding of the bacteria’s pathogenesis, meaning how it causes and develops the disease.
  • The lack of research likewise limits understanding of the host immune responses during infection. This information is vital for developing effective treatments or preventive measures against the disease.
  • Currently, there is no vaccine available for glanders, either for humans or animals. This issue poses a considerable health and safety risk, especially considering the bacterium’s potential use as a bio-weapon.

Current Research Focus and Future Directions

  • The mini-review highlights current efforts to study B. mallei’s virulence, which refers to its disease-causing capabilities. Understanding virulence would help in developing strategies to impede the bacterium’s pathological effects.
  • The study will also dwell on the immune responses evoked in the host organism during infection. Comprehensive knowledge of these responses could provide clues for improving the host’s immunity against the bacteria.
  • The review ultimately aims to discuss the viability of developing a vaccine against glanders. Given the lack of an available vaccine to date, this direction of research holds significant relevance and urgent imperative, particularly considering the potential threat of bioterrorism involving the bacterium.

Cite This Article

APA
Whitlock GC, Estes DM, Torres AG. (2007). Glanders: off to the races with Burkholderia mallei. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 277(2), 115-122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00949.x

Publication

FEMS microbiology letters
ISSN: 0378-1097
NlmUniqueID: 7705721
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 277
Issue: 2
Pages: 115-122

Researcher Affiliations

Whitlock, Gregory C
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, USA.
Estes, D Mark
    Torres, Alfredo G

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Biological Warfare Agents
      • Burkholderia mallei / immunology
      • Burkholderia mallei / physiology
      • Glanders / immunology
      • Glanders / microbiology
      • Horses
      • Humans
      • Virulence

      Grant Funding

      • N01-AI-30065 / NIAID NIH HHS
      • U54 AI057156 / NIAID NIH HHS

      References

      This article includes 47 references

      Citations

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