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International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance2025; 28; 100600; doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2025.100600

Global equine parasite control guidelines: Consensus or confusion?

Abstract: Equine parasite control has historically been characterized by confusing and conflicting information, posing significant challenges for veterinarians and horse owners to make evidence-based decisions. Since 2012, equine parasite control guidelines have been developed and published for different parts of the world to address this situation and provide trusted sources of current guidance. At the 2024 International Equine Infectious Disease Conference in Deauville, Normandy, France, lead authors of equine parasite control guideline documents published in the USA, UK, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, Australia, and Europe convened and presented their guidelines. This led to a discussion of differences and similarities between the guidelines and an effort to identify current research needs in this area. In general, all guidelines recommend a surveillance-based approach for equine parasite control, emphasizing the importance of anthelmintic resistance testing. Some guidelines have a focus on controlling Strongylus vulgaris, while others primarily focus on cyathostomins, ascarids and tapeworms. Although the same four anthelmintic drug classes are marketed in most countries, there are some differences between product portfolios available, most notably between Australia and other countries. European countries have various degrees of prescription-only restrictions on anthelmintic products, whereas products are available over the counter in Australia and the USA. Commercially available diagnostic portfolios differed somewhat between countries and affected recommendations made as well. In conclusion, the guidelines are in general agreement and are based on the same general principles. One major challenge is communicating the recommendations effectively to end-users, which should be made a priority going forward.
Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2025-06-03 PubMed ID: 40472642PubMed Central: PMC12171568DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2025.100600Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This is a study about the worldwide guidelines for equine parasite control. The research focuses on the similarities and differences of these guidelines from various countries and their effectiveness in combating equine parasites.

Introduction

  • The study explores the global guidelines for equine parasite control. This subject has been historically characterised by conflicting information which has created challenges for veterinarians and horse owners in making evidence-based decisions.
  • In order to address this issue, guidelines have been developed since 2012 in different parts of the world to provide a reliable source of current guidance.
  • During the International Equine Infectious Disease Conference in 2024, various authors from USA, UK, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Australia, and Europe presented their guidelines leading to a discussion identifying similarities, differences, and current research needs.

Recommendations from Different Countries

  • All guidelines recommend a surveillance-based approach for equine parasite control and highlight the significance of anthelmintic resistance testing.
  • Some countries like Denmark place their focus on controlling Strongylus vulgaris while others primarily focus on cyathostomins, ascarids, and tapeworms.
  • Notably, the four anthelmintic drug classes are marketed in most countries. Some differences exist, especially between Australia and other countries, in the portfolios of those products available.
  • The European countries enforce certain prescription-based restrictions on anthelmintic products. However, such products are readily available over the counter in Australia and the USA.
  • Commercially available diagnostic portfolios also differed among countries, but influenced the recommendations given.

Conclusion

  • The research concludes that generally, the guidelines are in agreement and derive from the same foundational principles.
  • However, there are challenges in effectively communicating these recommendations to the end-users. This has been identified as a priority in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Nielsen MK, Pyatt A, Perrett J, Tydén E, van Doorn D, Pihl TH, Schmidt JS, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Beasley A, Abbas G, Jabbar A. (2025). Global equine parasite control guidelines: Consensus or confusion? Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist, 28, 100600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpddr.2025.100600

Publication

International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance
ISSN: 2211-3207
NlmUniqueID: 101576715
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 28
Pages: 100600

Researcher Affiliations

Nielsen, Martin K
  • Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark. Electronic address: martin.nielsen@anivet.au.dk.
Pyatt, Alison
  • International Office, Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Surrey, United Kingdom.
Perrett, Jodie
  • Authorisations Division, Veterinary Medicines Directorate, Surrey, United Kingdom.
Tydén, Eva
  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
van Doorn, Deborah
  • Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Royal GD, Deventer, the Netherlands.
Pihl, Tina H
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark.
Schmidt, Jennifer S
  • Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany; Veterinary Center for Resistance Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg
  • Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany; Veterinary Center for Resistance Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
Beasley, Anne
  • School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
Abbas, Ghazanfar
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia.
Jabbar, Abdul
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
  • Consensus
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Drug Resistance
  • Parasitic Diseases, Animal / prevention & control
  • Parasitic Diseases, Animal / drug therapy

Conflict of Interest Statement

Declaration of competing interests The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Gentilini F, Ogundipe TG, Turba ME, Romagnoli N, Lambertini C, Pollera C, Cremonesi P, Stancampiano L. Beyond the host: Unveiling the independent microbiome of equine gastrointestinal nematodes. PLoS One 2026;21(2):e0339596.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0339596pubmed: 41666179google scholar: lookup
  2. Abbas G, Nielsen MK, E-Hage C, Ghafar A, Beveridge I, Bauquier J, Beasley A, Wilkes EJA, Carrigan P, Cudmore L, Jacobson C, Hughes KJ, Jabbar A. Recent advances in intestinal helminth parasites of horses in the Asia-Pacific region: Current trends, challenges and future directions. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2025 Dec;29:100622.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2025.100622pubmed: 41135277google scholar: lookup
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