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Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics2019; 42(5); 541-547; doi: 10.1111/jvp.12793

Glucose and insulin response after intravenous and subcutaneous somatostatin administration in healthy horses.

Abstract: Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is prevalent in the equine population, and somatostatin analogs might be useful for diagnosis and/or treatment of EMS in horses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the glucose and insulin responses to subcutaneous and intravenous administration of somatostatin. Six healthy research horses were included in this prospective study. An initial pilot study was performed to assess several different doses (10-22 µg/kg [4.5-10 µg/lb]) in two horses, then a final dosage of 22 µg/kg (10 µg/lb) was administered to six horses IV and SQ in a two-period randomized cross-over study performed over a 3-month study period. Blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma insulin and glucose concentrations during a 24-hr study period. Both IV and SQ somatostatin resulted in decreased insulin and increased glucose concentrations. SQ somatostatin resulted in a longer clinical effect, with return to baseline insulin occurring at 1.5 hr postadministration, versus 45 min for IV. Both IV and SQ administration of somatostatin to normal horses resulted in decreased insulin and increased glucose concentrations, likely due to suppression of insulin secretion by somatostatin. A more prolonged effect was seen following SQ administration as compared to IV administration, and no adverse effects were noted at varying doses. This study provides additional information regarding the effect of somatostatin administration on insulin and glucose concentrations in clinically healthy horses.
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2019-07-20 PubMed ID: 31325161DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12793Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Veterinary

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) in horses and the potential use of somatostatin analogs to diagnose or treat it. The study evaluates glucose and insulin responses in horses to both intravenous and subcutaneous administration of somatostatin.

Background of the Study

  • The research centers on an ailment common to equines—Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS). Somatostatin analogs are under consideration as possible diagnostic and therapeutic tools for addressing this syndrome in horses.
  • As a hormone, somatostatin has an inhibitory effect on the release of various other hormones including insulin. The study, therefore, wished to evaluate the changes in insulin and glucose levels in the bloodstream of horses when given somatostatin in different manners.

Design and Execution of the Study

  • Six healthy horses were involved in the prospective study which was conducted over three months.
  • In the initial phase, a pilot study was done on two horses to assess responses to various dosages of somatostatin (from 10-22 µg/kg or 4.5-10 µg/lb). This phase helped determine the final dosage to be used in the main study.
  • For the main study, a dosage of 22 µg/kg or 10 µg/lb was chosen based on the pilot study. This dosage was then administered to the horses, either intravenously (IV) or under their skin (subcutaneously or SQ), in a randomized cross-over design. Each horse therefore received the treatment both IV and SQ over the period of study.
  • Blood samples were collected over a 24-hour period for each horse after the administration of the somatostatin. These samples were used to measure plasma insulin and glucose levels in order to evaluate changes in response to the treatment.

Results of the Study

  • Both IV and SQ administration of somatostatin led to a decrease in insulin levels and an increase in glucose levels, indicating that somatostatin suppressed insulin secretion as expected.
  • However, there were differences between IV and SQ administration. The SQ method resulted in a longer clinical effect, with insulin levels returning to baseline after about 1.5 hours, while it took only 45 minutes for insulin levels to return to baseline after IV administration.
  • The study found no adverse effects from the varying doses of somatostatin used, whether administered IV or SQ.

Conclusion

  • This study adds valuable information to the existing understanding of how somatostatin affects insulin and glucose levels in horses. Such information could aid in future diagnostic and treatment strategies for diseases like EMS in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Luethy D, Johnson AL, Stefanovski D, Boston RC, Orsini JA. (2019). Glucose and insulin response after intravenous and subcutaneous somatostatin administration in healthy horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 42(5), 541-547. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12793

Publication

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
ISSN: 1365-2885
NlmUniqueID: 7910920
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 42
Issue: 5
Pages: 541-547

Researcher Affiliations

Luethy, Daniela
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
Johnson, Amy L
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
Stefanovski, Darko
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
Boston, Raymond C
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.
Orsini, James Anthony
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.

MeSH Terms

  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Hormones / administration & dosage
  • Hormones / pharmacology
  • Horses / blood
  • Injections, Subcutaneous
  • Insulin / blood
  • Somatostatin / administration & dosage
  • Somatostatin / pharmacology

Grant Funding

  • Spot Castle Memorial Fund
  • Roemer Foundation

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Shao Y, Gui Y, Cheng Y, Xu J, Chang X, Lv K. Case report: Peritumoral hepatic steatosis in a patient with a metastatic somatostatin-producing oligosymptomatic neuroendocrine neoplasm. Front Oncol 2022;12:1013017.
    doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1013017pubmed: 36531064google scholar: lookup
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