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Equine veterinary journal2024; doi: 10.1111/evj.14414

Heart rate variability in horses with and without severe equine asthma.

Abstract: Equine asthma in severe form (severe equine asthma [sEA]) shares remarkable similarities with human asthma. Human studies detected changes in the autonomic nervous system function in asthmatic patients based on heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Methods: Observational study. Objective: To investigate the relationship between sEA and HRV in horses. Methods: Twenty horses diagnosed with sEA and 20 asymptomatic (non-sEA) horses were investigated. SEA horses showed clinical signs. The RR intervals of the ECG were recorded for 1 h at rest between 9 AM and 11 AM using a heart rate (HR) monitor. HRV data were calculated using Kubios software. Parameters recorded for the sEA and non-sEA groups were compared using one-way MANOVA model. The significance level was set at α = 0.05. Results: SD2 (mean 99.6 ± SD 25.3 vs. 42.5 ± 17.1), SDNN (82.7 ± 20.7 vs. 41.3 ± 14.3), TINN (398.1 ± 104.9 vs. 209.3 ± 71.9), SD2/SD1 ratio (1.7 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3), Total power (4740.2 ± 1977.9 vs. 1503.0 ± 1179.3), LF (2415.3 ± 1072.4 vs. 707.4 ± 649.9), SD1 (60.9 ± 15.9 vs. 39.2 ± 14.1), RMSSD (86.0 ± 22.6 vs. 55.3 ± 19.8) and HF (1575.8 ± 902.5 vs. 578.1 ± 491.1) were lower in sEA horses compared with the non-sEA horses (p < 0.01 for each variable). SD2, SDNN, TNN, the SD2/SD1 ratio and Total power showed the greatest discriminatory power in differentiating the sEA and non-sEA groups. Conclusions: Small sample size. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that like humans, asthmatic horses show an overall reduction in autonomic control. A relative increase of the parasympathetic modulation of the heart was also observed. After further investigations, HRV measurement might be a non-invasive approach to monitor autonomic nervous system responses of sEA horses. 背景: 马哮喘(EA)严重影响约10%‐15%的马匹。马哮喘EA与人类哮喘非常相似。人类研究通过心率变异性(HRV)分析检测到哮喘患者自主神经系统功能的变化。 研究设计: 观察性研究。 研究目标: 本研究旨在探讨休闲骑乘温血马中，严重马哮喘(sEA)与心率变异性(HRV)之间的关系。 方法: 对20匹被诊断为sEA的马匹和20匹无症状(非sEA)马匹进行调研。调研期间，sEA马匹表现出临床症状且未接受治疗。使用心率(HR)监测仪ECG，在上午9点至11点之间，记录1小时的RR间歇期。使用Kubios软件计算心率变异性数据。根据单因素多元方差分析模型，比较sEA组和非sEA组的记录参数。显著性水平设为α=0.05。 结果: 方差分析显示，sEA马的SD2(mean 99.6±s.d. 25.3 vs. 42.5±17.1)、SDNN(82.7±20.7 vs. 41.3±14.3)、TINN(398.1±104.9 vs. 209.3±71.9)、SD2/SD1比值(1.7±0.2 vs. 1.1±0.3)、TF(4740.2±1977.9 vs. 1503.0±1179.3)、LF(2415.3±1072.4 vs. 707.4±649.9)、SD1(60.9±15.9 vs. 39.2±14.1)、RMSSD(86.0±22.6 vs. 55.3±19.8)和HF(1575.8±902.5 vs. 578.1±491.1)均低于非sEA马(各变量p<0.01)。其中SD2、SDNN、TNN、SD2/SD1比值和TF，在区分sEA和非sEA群体方面，显示出最大的鉴别能力。 主要局限性: 样本量较小。 结论: 本研究结果表明，与人类相似，哮喘马匹的自主神经系统功能整体下降。我们还观察到心脏的副交感调节相对增加。进一步研究后，心率变异性测量可能成为一种无创的监测方法，用于监测sEA马对不同疗法的自主神经系统反应。.
© 2024 The Author(s). Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2024-09-14 PubMed ID: 39275917DOI: 10.1111/evj.14414Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the relationship between severe equine asthma (sEA) and heart rate variability (HRV) in horses. The study suggests that horses with asthma exhibit a reduction in autonomic control, similar to human patients with asthma.

Introduction and Objective

  • The research seeks to investigate the link between severe equine asthma and heart rate variability in horses. This investigation is prompted by similarities observed between asthma in horses and humans.
  • Given that human studies have detected changes in the autonomic nervous system function in asthmatic patients based on heart rate variability analysis, the study aims to see if similar patterns occur in horses.

Methods

  • The study was an observational one where 20 horses diagnosed with severe equine asthma and 20 horses without any disease symptoms were selected for the experiment.
  • The heart rates of these horses were recorded for one hour at rest using a heart rate monitor. This recording was done between 9 a.m and 11 a.m.
  • The recorded ECG’s RR intervals were then computed using Kubios software to get the heart rate variability data.
  • Statistical analysis of data was done using a one-way MANOVA model and the alpha level was set at 0.05 for significance testing.

Results

  • Measured HRV parameters including SD2, SDNN, TINN, the SD2/SD1 ratio, Total power, LF, SD1, RMSSD, and HF were found to be lower in asthmatic horses compared to the controls.
  • The parameters of SD2, SDNN, TNN, the SD2/SD1 ratio, and Total power exhibited the highest distinguishing ability between the asthmatic and non-asthmatic horses.

Conclusions

  • Despite the small sample size which the study acknowledges as a limitation, the research concludes that like human patients, asthmatic horses also show a reduction in autonomic control based on the HRV data obtained.
  • Moreover, the research also reveals a relative increase in the parasympathetic modulation of the heart in case of asthmatic horses.
  • The study proposes that heart rate variability measurement could be an innovative, non-invasive way to monitor the autonomic nervous system responses in horses suffering from severe equine asthma in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Nyerges-Bohák Z, Kovács L, Povázsai Á, Hamar E, Póti P, Ladányi M. (2024). Heart rate variability in horses with and without severe equine asthma. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14414

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Nyerges-Bohák, Zsófia
  • Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary.
Kovács, Levente
  • Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary.
Povázsai, Ágnes
  • Sportlógyógyász Kft, Csengele, Hungary.
Hamar, Enikő
  • Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary.
Póti, Péter
  • Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary.
Ladányi, Márta
  • Institute of Mathematics and Basis Science, Department of Applied Statistics, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary.

Grant Funding

  • u00daNKP-22-4-II New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund
  • 2020-1.1.2-PIACI-KFI-2021-00284 / National Research, Development, and Innovation Office Budapest, Hungary

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
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