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The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2021; 62(3); 266-272;

Hemagglutinin inhibition antibody responses to commercial equine influenza vaccines in vaccinated horses.

Abstract: The use of a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay to assess humoral immune response to equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccines from various manufacturers administered to previously immunized adult horses was investigated. Subjects were allocated into one of 3 groups and vaccinated with various commercially available vaccines. Groups were subdivided into subjects that received 1 dose of a particular vaccine and those that received a second dose, 30 d later. Serum was collected at various times to assess antibody responses to contemporary EIV Florida sub-lineage strains. Statistical significance was set at < 0.05 and all groups had a significant increase in antibody titers pre- and post-administration of the first dose. In contrast, there was no significant difference between day 30 titers and titers at subsequent time points, regardless of protocol. We concluded that administration of various commercial influenza vaccines containing a different sub-lineage clade stimulated equivalent HI antibody titers after 1 booster vaccination. On a étudié l’utilisation d’un test d’inhibition de l’hémagglutination (HI) pour évaluer la réponse immunitaire humorale aux vaccins contre le virus de la grippe équine (EIV) de différents fabricants administrés à des chevaux adultes préalablement immunisés. Les sujets ont été divisés en trois groupes et vaccinés avec différents vaccins disponibles dans le commerce. Les groupes ont été subdivisés en sujets qui ont reçu une dose d’un vaccin particulier et ceux qui ont reçu une deuxième dose 30 jours plus tard. Du sérum a été prélevé à divers moments pour évaluer les réponses en anticorps aux souches contemporaines de la sous-lignée EIV Floride. La signification statistique a été fixée à < 0,05 et tous les groupes ont montré une différence significative entre les titres d’anticorps mesurés avant et après l’administration de la première dose. En revanche, il n’y avait pas de différence significative entre les titres au jour 30 et les titres à des moments ultérieurs, quel que soit le protocole. Les résultats ont montré que l’administration d’un vaccin antigrippal commercial différent contenant un clade de sous-lignée différent stimule des titres d’anticorps HI équivalents après une vaccination de rappel.(Traduit par D Serge Messier).
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Publication Date: 2021-03-12 PubMed ID: 33692582PubMed Central: PMC7877680
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study examines how the use of a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay can test the humoral immune response in horses previously immunized and given various commercially available equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccines. The investigation shows a significant increase in antibody titers after the first vaccine dose but no significant difference with further doses.

Research design

  • The researchers divided the subjects, which were previously immunized adult horses, into three groups, each getting different commercially available EIV vaccines.
  • Each group was further divided into two subgroups. One subgroup received one dose of the assigned vaccine, and the other received a second dose 30 days later.
  • The researchers collected serum from the horses at different times to assess the antibody responses to contemporary EIV Florida sub-lineage strains.

Data analysis

  • The researchers set the bar for statistical significance at < 0.05.
  • All groups displayed a significant increase in antibody titers measured before and after administrating the first dose.
  • However, there were no statistically significant differences between the antibody titers on day 30 and the titers at subsequent time points, regardless of the actual protocol followed.

Conclusions

  • From the data analyzed, the researchers concluded that the administration of various commercial influenza vaccines containing a different sub-lineage clade (a group of viruses with a common descent) stimulates similar HI antibody titers after a single booster vaccination.

Implications

  • This research suggests that one dose of a boosted vaccine can effectively increase horses’ antibody response against EIV, irrespective of the vaccine’s manufacturer.
  • However, the following doses don’t seem to lend any additional significant increase in the antibody titers.
  • This study could guide veterinarians and horse owners when choosing vaccines and deciding on vaccination plans, possibly contributing to more efficient equine influenza management and prevention.

Cite This Article

APA
Karam B, Wilson WD, Chambers TM, Reedy S, Pusterla N. (2021). Hemagglutinin inhibition antibody responses to commercial equine influenza vaccines in vaccinated horses. Can Vet J, 62(3), 266-272.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 62
Issue: 3
Pages: 266-272

Researcher Affiliations

Karam, Bruno
  • William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (Karam), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology (Wilson, Pusterla), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (Chambers, Reedy).
Wilson, William D
  • William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (Karam), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology (Wilson, Pusterla), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (Chambers, Reedy).
Chambers, Thomas M
  • William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (Karam), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology (Wilson, Pusterla), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (Chambers, Reedy).
Reedy, Stephanie
  • William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (Karam), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology (Wilson, Pusterla), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (Chambers, Reedy).
Pusterla, Nicola
  • William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (Karam), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology (Wilson, Pusterla), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (Chambers, Reedy).

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibody Formation
  • Hemagglutinins
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horses
  • Influenza Vaccines
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Vaccination / veterinary

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