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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can J Vet Res / Hematological and serum biochemical profile values in pregna...
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire2018; 82(4); 287-293;

Hematological and serum biochemical profile values in pregnant and non-pregnant mares.

Abstract: Pregnancy in many mammals, including mares, is associated with physiological changes that are reflected in hematological and biochemical profiles. Understanding those physiological changes and differentiating them from pathological changes is imperative for providing care and medical therapy in pregnant mares. Our objective was to compare normal hematological and biochemical profiles in healthy non-pregnant as well as healthy pregnant mares during the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy. Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and serum tubes. Whole blood was analyzed using an ADVIA 120 hematologic analyzer and serum was analyzed using a Beckman Coulter AU5400. Statistical differences were detected using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent Student's -test; < 0.05 was considered significant. Results demonstrated higher red blood cell counts and hemoglobin concentrations and lower eosinophil counts ( < 0.001) in non-pregnant mares ( = 32) compared with pregnant mares at both 1st ( = 25) and 2nd ( = 17) trimesters. Biochemical analysis showed a significant decrease ( < 0.001) in albumin and blood urea nitrogen ( < 0.001) in the 2nd trimester and higher potassium levels ( = 0.03) in pregnant mares. Understanding such physiological changes is imperative to providing optimum care and medical treatment in mares. These data will assist clinicians to better evaluate and treat pregnant mares. La gestation chez plusieurs mammifères, incluant les juments, est associée avec des changements physiologiques qui se reflètent dans les profils hématologiques et biochimiques. Comprendre ces changements physiologiques et les différencier des changements pathologiques est impératif afin de fournir les soins et thérapies médicales chez les juments gestantes. Notre objectif était de comparer les profils hématologiques et biochimiques chez des juments non-gestantes en santé ainsi que chez des juments gestantes en santé durant les 1 et 2 trimestres de gestation. Du sang fut prélevé par ponction de la veine jugulaire dans un tube avec anticoagulant (EDTA) ainsi que dans un tube pour sérum. Le sang entier fut analysé à l’aide d’un analyseur hématologiques ADVIA 120 et le sérum analysé avec un Beckman Coulter AU5400. Des différences statistiques furent détectées par analyse de variance (ANOVA) et par test de indépendant de Student; une valeur de < 0,05 était considérée significative. Les résultats montraient une augmentation du comptage d’érythrocytes et des concentrations d’hémoglobine plus élevées ainsi qu’un dénombrement d’éosinophiles plus bas ( < 0,001) chez les juments non-gestantes ( = 32) comparativement aux juments gestantes autant au 1 ( = 25) qu’au 2 ( = 17) trimestre. Les analyses biochimiques ont montré une diminution significative ( < 0,001) de l’albumine et de l’urée sanguine ( < 0,001) dans le 2 trimestre et des niveaux plus élevés de potassium chez les juments gestantes ( = 0,03). La compréhension de ces changements physiologiques est impérative afin de fournir les soins et traitements médicaux optimums chez les juments. Ces résultats aideront les cliniciens à mieux évaluer et traiter les juments gestantes.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
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Publication Date: 2018-10-27 PubMed ID: 30363350PubMed Central: PMC6168017
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Summary

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This research investigates the physiological changes in blood and biochemistry profiles of pregnant mares compared to non-pregnant mares, highlighting the importance of recognizing these changes to ensure optimal health care for pregnant mares.

Objective of the Study

  • The main goal of the research was to identify and compare the normal hematological (related to blood) and biochemical profiles of healthy pregnant mares and non-pregnant mares during the first two trimesters of pregnancy. This comparison is necessary to understand the physiological changes in mares during pregnancy, which would in turn help veterinaries provide better care and medical treatment for pregnant mares.

Collection and Analysis of Data

  • Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of the mares into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (an anticoagulant commonly used in laboratory tests) and serum tubes.
  • The blood and serum samples were analyzed using an ADVIA 120 hematologic analyzer and a Beckman Coulter AU5400 respectively, both being standard methods of medical research.
  • The statistical differences were calculated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and an independent Student’s t-test. Differences were considered statistically significant if the p-value was less than 0.05.

Findings of the Study

  • The study found that non-pregnant mares had higher red blood cell counts and hemoglobin concentrations and lower quantities of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) compared with pregnant mares in both the first and second trimesters.
  • On the biochemical spectrum, a significant decrease was noticed in the albumin and blood urea nitrogen levels—vital indicators of the body’s metabolism and kidney functions—among mares in their second trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, these pregnant mares had higher levels of potassium.

Significance of the Findings

  • Understanding these physiological changes in a mare’s blood during pregnancy is crucial to provide optimum medical care. By recognizing these changes, clinicians can differentiate between normal pregnancy-related changes and potential health issues and accordingly devise proper treatment strategies.
  • The results of the research can provide valuable insights for veterinary clinicians, helping them to better understand, evaluate, and treat pregnant mares.

Cite This Article

APA
Faramarzi B, Rich LJ, Wu J. (2018). Hematological and serum biochemical profile values in pregnant and non-pregnant mares. Can J Vet Res, 82(4), 287-293.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 1928-9022
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 82
Issue: 4
Pages: 287-293

Researcher Affiliations

Faramarzi, Babak
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (Faramarzi); Antech Diagnostics, Irvine, California (Rich); Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington (Wu).
Rich, Lon J
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (Faramarzi); Antech Diagnostics, Irvine, California (Rich); Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington (Wu).
Wu, Jolan
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (Faramarzi); Antech Diagnostics, Irvine, California (Rich); Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington (Wu).

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Cell Count / veterinary
  • Blood Chemical Analysis / veterinary
  • Female
  • Hematocrit / veterinary
  • Hemoglobins / analysis
  • Horses / blood
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy, Animal / blood

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
  1. Satué K, Fazio E, La Fauci D, Medica P. Hematological indexes and iron status in pregnant mares. Arch Anim Breed 2023;66(3):197-205.
    doi: 10.5194/aab-66-197-2023pubmed: 37560356google scholar: lookup
  2. Alamaary M, Ali A. Abortion and uterine prolapse in a Thoroughbred mare with twin pregnancy: Clinical and laboratory findings and treatment approach. J Equine Sci 2020;31(4):95-99.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.31.95pubmed: 33376446google scholar: lookup
  3. Suwannarueang S, Pongkan W, Pontaema T, Kenchaiwong W, Pongthaisong P, Chompoosan C, Lerdweeraphon W. Cardiac adaptations in early equine pregnancy: heart rate elevation without heart rate variability alteration in Thai native crossbred mares. Vet World 2025 Sep;18(9):2590-2597.
    doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.2590-2597pubmed: 41113216google scholar: lookup
  4. Epstein KL, Hart KA, Chakravarty EJ, Giguère S. Comparison of Fibrinolysis in Peripartum and Non-Pregnant Mares Using Modified Thromboelastography. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jun 20;15(13).
    doi: 10.3390/ani15131822pubmed: 40646721google scholar: lookup
  5. Oddsdóttir C, Jónsdóttir HK, Sturludóttir E. Haematological reference intervals for pregnant Icelandic mares on pasture. Acta Vet Scand 2023 Dec 15;65(1):57.
    doi: 10.1186/s13028-023-00721-xpubmed: 38102616google scholar: lookup
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