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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / High Numbers of CD163-Positive Macrophages in the Fibrotic R...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(9); doi: 10.3390/ani11092728

High Numbers of CD163-Positive Macrophages in the Fibrotic Region of Exuberant Granulation Tissue in Horses.

Abstract: Exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) is a frequently encountered complication during second intention healing in equine distal limb wounds. Although it is still unknown what exactly triggers the formation of this tissue, previous research has revealed a persistent inflammatory response in these wounds. In this preliminary study we examined this inflammatory response in EGT-developing wounds as well as in experimental induced wounds. Immunohistological stainings were performed to detect primary inflammatory immune cells (MAC387 staining) as well as pro-resolution immune cells (CD163 staining). Our results show a significantly higher amount of MAC387+ and CD163+ cells in the fibrotic regions of EGT compared with the 19-day-old experimental wounds. This persistent high amount of fibrosis-promoting CD163+ cells in EGT suggests that the wound healing processes in EGT-developing wounds are arrested at the level of the proliferation phase.
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Publication Date: 2021-09-18 PubMed ID: 34573694PubMed Central: PMC8464979DOI: 10.3390/ani11092728Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the complication of exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) during wound healing in horses and identifies a persistent inflammation marked by an unusually high presence of certain immune cells.

Introduction to the Research

  • In this study, the researchers aim at understanding a healing complication called Exuberant Granulation Tissue (EGT) which usually occurs in the healing of distal limb wounds in horses.
  • The cause for the formation of this tissue is not yet fully understood, but previous research suggests that it may be due to a persistent inflammatory response during healing.

Methodology

  • To clarify the nature of this inflammation, the researchers investigated both wounds that were developing EGT and wounds that had been experimentally induced.
  • Their main method of investigation was immunohistological staining, a technique used to visualize particular proteins or types of cells in tissue samples. They used this to detect both primary inflammatory immune cells, stained with MAC387, and pro-resolution immune cells, stained with CD163.

Results and Conclusions

  • The results of their research showed that the fibrotic regions of EGT had a significantly higher number of both MAC387+ and CD163+ cells compared to 19-day-old experimental wounds.
  • Fibrosis is the process of forming abnormal amounts of connective tissue during healing, leading to scars. The presence of more CD163+ cells in these areas suggests that these cells promote fibrosis and that their high numbers in EGT could be linked to the formation of this tissue.
  • The researchers conclude that the higher amount of these cells suggests that the wound healing process in EGT wounds is arrested at the level of the proliferation phase, the stage of healing where new tissue and blood vessels start to form.

Cite This Article

APA
Du Cheyne C, Martens A, De Spiegelaere W. (2021). High Numbers of CD163-Positive Macrophages in the Fibrotic Region of Exuberant Granulation Tissue in Horses. Animals (Basel), 11(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11092728

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 9

Researcher Affiliations

Du Cheyne, Charis
  • Department of Morphology, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Martens, Ann
  • Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
De Spiegelaere, Ward
  • Department of Morphology, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.

Grant Funding

  • 1S22820N / Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • 1508419N / Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • 01N02818 / Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UGent

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Partusch L, Rutland CS, Martens A, Du Cheyne C, De Spiegelaere W, Michler JK. Collagen composition in equine exuberant granulation tissue reflects tissue immaturity. PLoS One 2025;20(11):e0335179.
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  2. Ribeiro G, Carvalho L, Borges J, Prazeres J. The Best Protocol to Treat Equine Skin Wounds by Second Intention Healing: A Scoping Review of the Literature. Animals (Basel) 2024 May 18;14(10).
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  3. Bayat M, Sarojini H, Chien S. The role of cluster of differentiation 163-positive macrophages in wound healing: a preliminary study and a systematic review. Arch Dermatol Res 2023 Apr;315(3):359-370.
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