Topic:Equine Wounds

In Vitro Effect of Eucalyptus Essential Oils and Antiseptics (Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine) against Bacterial Isolates from Equine Wounds.
Veterinary sciences    December 26, 2023   Volume 11, Issue 1 12 doi: 10.3390/vetsci11010012
Pimenta J, Dias C, Cotovio M, Saavedra MJ.Considering the increasing antibiotics resistance, there has been a propensity to replace them with antiseptics when it comes to wound management and treatment. Nevertheless, in recent years, there have been reports regarding resistance to antiseptics by some bacterial strains. There is also concern about the environmental impact of these substances. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptics and eucalyptus essential oils on bacterial strains from horse's wounds. We used twelve , eight , two , one and one strains from equine wounds. The effect of essentia...
Wound healing of experimental equine skin wounds and concurrent microbiota in wound dressings following topical propylene glycol gel treatment.
Frontiers in veterinary science    December 14, 2023   Volume 10 1294021 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1294021
Labens R, Raidal S, Borgen-Nielsen C, Pyecroft S, Pant SD, De Ridder T.Topical wound treatments rely on carrier formulations with little to no biological impact. The potential for a common vehicle, a propylene glycol (PG) gel, to affect wound healing measures including microbiota is not known. Microbiome characterization, based on next generation sequencing methods is typically performed on tissue or directly obtained wound fluid samples. The utility for primary wound dressings to characterize equine wound microbiota in the context of topical treatments is currently unknown. This investigation reports the topical effect of an 80% PG based gel on wound healing and...
A novel tension relief technique to aid the primary closure of traumatic equine wounds under excessive tension.
Equine veterinary journal    August 9, 2023   doi: 10.1111/evj.13987
Comino F, Pollock PJ, Fulton I, Hewitt-Dedman C, Handel I, Gorvy DA.To achieve an excellent functional and cosmetic result, primary closure is preferred over leaving wounds to heal by secondary intention. However, traumatic wounds are often under excessive tension during wound closure and incorrect suture technique can compromise microcirculation, leading to skin necrosis and impaired wound healing. Objective: To describe an inexpensive and effective tension relief technique that helps the successful primary closure of a variety of equine wounds at high risk of dehiscence. Methods: Retrospective case series. Methods: All wounds that were managed with the Tensi...
Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) in Horses: A Scoping Review.
Veterinary sciences    August 6, 2023   Volume 10, Issue 8 507 doi: 10.3390/vetsci10080507
Cantatore F, Pagliara E, Marcatili M, Bertuglia A.Obtaining a healthy wound environment that is conductive to healing in horses can be challenging. Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been employed in humans to enhance wound healing for decades. The existing evidence for the effectiveness of NPWT remains uncertain in equine medicine. The aim of this review is to investigate NPWT applications and benefits in horses. A scoping review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for scoping reviews on three databases (PubMed, Web of Science-Thompson Reuters, and Wiley...
Use of an equine compression suit to manage a deep axillary wound in a horse.
Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)    July 12, 2023   Volume 33, Issue 4 467-471 doi: 10.1111/vec.13311
Tallon RE, Gough RL, McGovern KF.To describe the use of an equine compression suit to manage a deep axillary wound in a Thoroughbred filly with bilateral pneumothorax. Methods: A 2-year-old Thoroughbred filly was referred for management of a deep wound to the left axilla. Packing and bandaging of the area were initially attempted, but this became repeatedly dislodged, and bandaging was discontinued. The filly subsequently developed widespread subcutaneous emphysema, and the wound was slow to granulate. Acute onset respiratory distress occurred 11 days after admission, secondary to bilateral worsening pneumothorax, and requir...
Use of Biologics and Stem Cells for Wound Healing in the Horse.
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice    July 11, 2023   doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2023.06.003
Harman RM, Rajesh A, Van de Walle GR.Treatment of skin wounds is a high priority in veterinary medicine because healthy uncompromised skin is essential for the well-being of horses. Stem cells and other biologic therapies offer benefits by reducing the need for surgical procedures and conventional antibiotics. Evidence from in vitro studies and small in vivo trials supports the use of equine stem cells and biologics for the treatment of acute and chronic cutaneous wounds. Larger clinical trials are warranted to better evaluate the regenerative and immunological responses to these treatments. Additionally, delivery methods and t...
Amorphous silicate technology produces good results in equine distal limb wound healing.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    April 21, 2023   Volume 261, Issue 6 1-5 doi: 10.2460/javma.22.11.0490
Chevalier JM, Pearson GB.The objective of this study was to report clinical outcomes of horses with naturally occurring full-thickness skin lacerations treated with an amorphous silicate dressing. We hypothesized that wounds treated with an amorphous silicate dressing would have minimal complications and lesion resolution without formation of exuberant granulation tissue. 11 client-owned horses. Clinical records of 11 horses with distal limb wounds treated with an amorphous silicate dressing were collected from participating veterinarians across the US. Wound healing progression was monitored by the veterinarian and o...
Biofilm Production by Critical Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens from an Equine Wound.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    April 13, 2023   Volume 13, Issue 8 1342 doi: 10.3390/ani13081342
Afonso AC, Sousa M, Pinto AR, Cotovio M, Simu00f5es M, Saavedra MJ.As in human medicine, in veterinary medicine, chronic wounds are often related to polymicrobial infections and the presence of a biofilm, which compromises the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches. In this study, a Lusitano mare presented a 21-day-old chronic wound that was only being treated with an antiseptic. A swab sample was collected, and three isolates of and one of were isolated. did not show resistance to a panel of antibiotics. However, the isolate showed a resistance profile to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones, which may suggest a cross-resistance between antiseptic and antib...
Corynebacteria of the diphtheriae Species Complex in Companion Animals: Clinical and Microbiological Characterization of 64 Cases from France.
Microbiology spectrum    April 6, 2023   Volume 11, Issue 3 e0000623 doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00006-23
Museux K, Arcari G, Rodrigo G, Hennart M, Badell E, Toubiana J, Brisse S.Corynebacteria of the species complex (CdSC) can cause diphtheria in humans and have been reported from companion animals. We aimed to describe animal infection cases caused by CdSC isolates. A total of 18,308 animals (dogs, cats, horses, and small mammals) with rhinitis, dermatitis, nonhealing wounds, and otitis were sampled in metropolitan France (August 2019 to August 2021). Data on symptoms, age, breed, and the administrative region of origin were collected. Cultured bacteria were analyzed for gene presence, production of the diphtheria toxin, and antimicrobial susceptibility and were ge...
A Systematic Literature Review of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine: Laser Therapy.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    February 14, 2023   Volume 13, Issue 4 667 doi: 10.3390/ani13040667
Millis DL, Bergh A.Light therapy, or photobiomodulation, is a collective name for methods where tissue is irradiated with different types of light, with the aim of stimulating healing. Despite being frequently used, there is no consensus regarding the optimal treatment protocols for light therapy, nor its clinical efficacy. A systematic literature review was conducted, searching the relevant literature regarding light therapy in three databases, published between 1980-2020. The risk of bias in each article was evaluated. Forty-five articles met the inclusion criteria; 24 articles were regarding dogs, 1 was regar...
Cryopreserved equine amniotic membrane and its use in cutaneous wounds of horses.
Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine    December 14, 2022   Volume 44 e003122 doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003122
Rosa MVD, Rosa M, Botteon PTL.This study aimed to evaluate the use of equine amniotic membrane (EAM), frozen indirectly using liquid nitrogen and stored between -10° and -24°C, in the treatment of equine skin lesions. Six healthy female horses, aged 3-10 years, were included in this study. EAM was collected from previously evaluated healthy parturient mares. Wounds were surgically created at the distal ends of the forelimbs. One limb was chosen for treatment, and the contralateral limb was chosen as the control. Pain sensitivity, presence of granulation tissue, secretions, and bleeding after debridement during cleaning w...
A pilot study to demonstrate the paracrine effect of equine, adult allogenic mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, with a potential for healing of experimentally-created, equine thoracic wounds in vivo.
Frontiers in veterinary science    November 14, 2022   Volume 9 1011905 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1011905
Caruso M, Shuttle S, Amelse L, Elkhenany H, Schumacher J, Dhar MS.Regenerative biological therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being studied and used extensively in equine veterinary medicine. One of the important properties of MSCs is the cells' reparative effect, which is brought about by paracrine signaling, which results in the release of biologically active molecules, which in turn, can affect cellular migration and proliferation, thus a huge potential in wound healing. The objective of the current study was to demonstrate the and potentials of equine allogenic bone marrow-derived MSCs for wound healing. Equine bone marrow-derived MSCs fr...
Enhancement of chronic wound healing with maltodextrin/ascorbic acid gel: a clinical evaluation of distal limb wounds in horses.
Journal of animal science and technology    September 30, 2022   Volume 64, Issue 5 997-1007 doi: 10.5187/jast.2022.e52
Helal IE, Al-Abbadi HA, El-Daharawy MH, Ahmed MF.Delayed healing associated with distal limb wounds is highly challenging in equine clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate healing rates between chronic non-granulating wounds of horse distal limbs that were treated with maltodextrin/ascorbic acid gel alone or in combination with povidone-iodine 1% solution and those treated with povidone-iodine 1% only throughout the study period (35 days) in clinical settings. The study was conducted on 18 adult horses (3-15 years old). Based on the treatment regimen utilized, the horses were divided into three groups (n = 6), with each group having ...
Wound swabs versus biopsies to detect methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in experimental equine wounds.
Veterinary surgery : VS    September 14, 2022   Volume 51, Issue 8 1196-1205 doi: 10.1111/vsu.13872
Brock AK, Chamoun-Emanuelli AM, Howard EA, Huntzinger KD, Lawhon SD, Bryan LK, Cosgriff-Hernandez EM, Cohen ND, Whitfield-Cargile CM.To compare: (1) the load and diversity of cultivatable bacterial species isolated from tissue biopsies with cultures from surface swabs, and (2) the ability of each technique to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a model of MRSA-infected equine wounds. Methods: Experimental in vivo study. Methods: Three light-breed adult horses. Methods: Four 2.5 × 2.5 cm full-thickness skin wounds were created on the dorsolateral aspect of each forelimb. Five days later, each wound was inoculated with a pure culture of MRSA (ATCC 43300). One hundred microlitres of 0, 5 × 1...
Case report: Use of penicillin G potassium in poloxamer 407 gel to aid in healing of an equine sublingual abscess.
Frontiers in veterinary science    July 29, 2022   Volume 9 783753 doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.783753
Larsen EA, Lack AC, Wassack E.The use of poloxamer 407 gels have been reported in several studies to prolong the release of drugs at the injection site. Oral lesions unrelated to dental disease are rare but may result in ulceration and sequestration of bone. To date, there have been no reports on the use of penicillin G potassium poloxamer 407 gel and its effect on wound healing. The present case report describes the use of a penicillin G potassium poloxamer 407 gel for the treatment of a sublingual abscess involving the mandible in a 20 year old Arabian mare who initially presented with acute onset of dysphagia, hypersali...
Equine heel bulb lacerations: 62 cases (2004-2018).
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    July 20, 2022   Volume 260, Issue 12 1541-1546 doi: 10.2460/javma.22.03.0105
Sloan PB, Self KA, Kang Q, Lutter JD.To characterize clinical findings and outcomes for horses with heel bulb lacerations. Medical records of a teaching hospital were reviewed to identify horses treated for heel bulb lacerations between February 2004 and October 2018. Long-term outcome was assessed by telephone communication with owners. Results were analyzed to determine association with clinical outcome. 31 mares and 31 geldings of various ages, breeds, and uses were evaluated. Thirty-six horses had a wound of 0 to 2 days' duration, and 17 horses had a wound of > 2 days' duration. Horses with a wound duration of < 2 days had a ...
Healing time of experimentally induced distal limb wounds in horses is not reduced by local injection of equine-origin liquid amnion allograft.
American journal of veterinary research    July 13, 2022   Volume 83, Issue 8 ajvr.21.10.0169 doi: 10.2460/ajvr.21.10.0169
Duddy HR, Schoonover MJ, Williams MR, Rudra P.To assess the efficacy of an equine-origin liquid amnion allograft (ELAA) derived from both amniotic fluid and amniotic membrane on the healing time of experimentally induced distal limb wounds in horses. Methods: 8 adult horses. Methods: On day 0, horses were anesthetized and a 2.5 X 2.5-cm, full-thickness skin wound was created on the dorsal aspect of each metacarpus and bandaged. On day 9, wound margins were injected with ELAA (treatment) or 0.9% NaCl (control). Bandages were changed at specific intervals through day 91 and, on each occasion, wounds were photographed to allow calculation of...
AK-2011 strain for the development of a vaccine against equine rhinopneumonitis.
Transboundary and emerging diseases    April 5, 2022   Volume 69, Issue 5 e1972-e1981 doi: 10.1111/tbed.14531
Abisheva A, Abishov A, Khairullaeva K, Shynybayev K, Kalissynov B, Maikhin K, Kydyrmanov A, Karamendin K, Valdovska A, Syrym N.Equine rhinopneumonitis is an acute, highly contagious disease found virtually worldwide. The purpose of the studies presented in this paper is to develop a technology for the manufacture of a cell-derived equine rhinopneumonitis vaccine, as well as to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the newly developed vaccine in laboratory animals model. The object of the studies was the AK-2011 strain isolated from the horses suffering from rhinopneumonitis during an outbreak of abortions. The viability of the AK-2011 strain was assessed using a continuous line of calf trachea cells, a continuous li...
Comparison of the zip skin closure system with conventional suture for skin closure of ventral midline incisions in horses.
American journal of veterinary research    February 2, 2022   Volume 83, Issue 5 455-464 doi: 10.2460/ajvr.21.08.0135
Klein CE, Engiles JB, Roessner HA, Hopster K, Hurcombe SD.To compare the application and healing of the zip skin closure system (ZSCS) with sutured closure by use of a split-scar model of ventral midline incisions in horses in a prospective, randomized experimental study. Methods: 8 adult horses. Methods: All horses underwent an exploratory ventral midline celiotomy with a standardized 30-cm skin incision. Each horse was randomized to have either the cranial 15 cm closed with suture and caudal 15 cm with the ZSCS or vice versa (split-scar model). Skin closure time was recorded and compared. Photography and skin biopsies were taken preoperatively and ...
The granulation (t)issue: A narrative and scoping review of basic and clinical research of the equine distal limb exuberant wound healing disorder.
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)    January 31, 2022   Volume 280 105790 doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105790
Anantama NA, Du Cheyne C, Martens A, Roth SP, Burk J, De Spiegelaere W, Michler JK.Exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) is often observed during second intention wound healing in horses. Despite its impact on wound care, the basic mechanisms leading to EGT are still unclear and effective strategies to prevent and/or treat EGT are lacking. The development of EGT is a poorly understood, multifactorial process involving hyperproliferating fibroblasts and malfunctional differentiation of keratinocytes, suboptimal wound contraction, dysfunctional vascularisation, and chronic inflammation. To consolidate and describe basic and clinical research literature on EGT and to identify know...
Effect of Allogeneic Oral Mucosa Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Equine Wound Repair.
Veterinary medicine international    December 14, 2021   Volume 2021 5024905 doi: 10.1155/2021/5024905
Di Francesco P, Cajon P, Desterke C, Perron Lepage MF, Lataillade JJ, Kadri T, Lepage OM.To assess the clinical value and safety of the application of allogeneic equine oral mucosa mesenchymal stromal cells (OM-MSCs) to wounds. . 8 healthy adult horses without front limb skin lesions or musculoskeletal disease. . Stem cells were isolated from the oral mucosa of a donor horse. Horses were subjected to the creation of eight full-thickness cutaneous wounds, two on each distal forelimb (FL) and two on both sides of the thorax (TH). Each wound was subjected to one out of four treatments: no medication (T1), hyaluronic acid- (HA-) gel containing OM-MSC (T2), HA-gel containing OM-MSC sec...
Therapeutic effects of equine amniotic membrane suspension on corneal re-epithelialization and haze in a modified lagomorph ex vivo wound healing model.
Veterinary ophthalmology    November 17, 2021   Volume 25, Issue 2 153-164 doi: 10.1111/vop.12953
Boss CK, Gibson DJ, Schultz G, Whitley RD, Hernandez JA, Abbott JR, Plummer CE.To investigate the therapeutic effects of topical equine amniotic membrane (eAM) suspension following corneal wounding in a controlled experimental setting. Methods: Equine amniotic membrane was collected, gamma irradiated, homogenized for topical suspension preparation, and cryopreserved. Corneoscleral rims harvested from fresh rabbit globes were wounded via keratectomy and were maintained in an air-liquid interface ex vivo corneal culture model. Treatment groups included topical gamma irradiated eAM suspension (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). Re-epithelialization of the wound was a...
An ethnoveterinary study of wild medicinal plants used by the Kyrgyz farmers.
Journal of ethnopharmacology    November 17, 2021   Volume 285 114842 doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114842
Aldayarov N, Tulobaev A, Salykov R, Jumabekova J, Kydyralieva B, Omurzakova N, Kurmanbekova G, Imanberdieva N, Usubaliev B, Borkoev B, Salieva K....In their centuries-old nomadic life, since their livestock was the backbone of their lives, the Kyrgyz people used a variety of wild medicinal plants for ethnoveterinary practices. However, the plants used for the treatment of livestock ailments never have been recorded, except rarely in local publications. In this study, we present the HSHR (homemade single species herbal remedy reports), their methods of preparation and application, and the livestock ailments for which these remedies were used. Objective: The collect data from the five different high-altitude valleys of the Kyrgyz Republic o...
Macroscopic, Histologic, and Immunomodulatory Response of Limb Wounds Following Intravenous Allogeneic Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Horses.
Cells    November 1, 2021   Volume 10, Issue 11 2972 doi: 10.3390/cells10112972
Mund SJK, MacPhee DJ, Campbell J, Honaramooz A, Wobeser B, Barber SM.Limb wounds are common in horses and often develop complications. Intravenous multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy is promising but has risks associated with intravenous administration and unknown potential to improve cutaneous wound healing. The objectives were to determine the clinical safety of administering large numbers of allogeneic cord blood-derived MSCs intravenously, and if therapy causes clinically adverse reactions, accelerates wound closure, improves histologic healing, and alters mRNA expression of common wound cytokines. Wounds were created on the metacarpus of 12 ...
Biofilm and Equine Limb Wounds.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    September 27, 2021   Volume 11, Issue 10 2825 doi: 10.3390/ani11102825
Ju00f8rgensen E, Bjarnsholt T, Jacobsen S.In chronic wounds in humans, biofilm formation and wound chronicity are linked, as biofilms contribute to chronic inflammation and delayed healing. Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, and living as biofilms is the default mode of bacterial life; within these aggregates, the bacteria are protected from both antimicrobial substances and the immune response of the host. In horses, delayed healing is more commonly seen in limb wounds than body wounds. Chronic inflammation and hypoxia are the main characteristics of delayed wound healing in equine limbs, and biofilms might also contribute to this ...
Interleukin-6 and lactate dehydrogenase expression in a novel ex vivo rocking model of equine corneal epithelial wound healing.
Veterinary ophthalmology    September 23, 2021   Volume 24, Issue 5 509-519 doi: 10.1111/vop.12935
Wehrman RF, Genschel U, Charli A, Kanthasamy AG, Allbaugh RA, Ben-Shlomo G.To establish a physiologically relevant ex vivo model of equine corneal epithelial wound healing. Methods: Fourteen equine corneas were randomly assigned to one of two groups: wounded (n = 8) or unwounded (n = 6) controls. In the wounded group, the axial corneal epithelium was removed by applying a 6 mm filter paper disk soaked in 1N-NaOH for 60 s. Corneas were subsequently cultured using an air-liquid interface model. Evaluation of corneal healing was performed daily, and culture medium was collected. Corneas were randomly assigned to undergo processing via histopathology and RNAscope i...
High Numbers of CD163-Positive Macrophages in the Fibrotic Region of Exuberant Granulation Tissue in Horses.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI    September 18, 2021   Volume 11, Issue 9 2728 doi: 10.3390/ani11092728
Du Cheyne C, Martens A, De Spiegelaere W.Exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) is a frequently encountered complication during second intention healing in equine distal limb wounds. Although it is still unknown what exactly triggers the formation of this tissue, previous research has revealed a persistent inflammatory response in these wounds. In this preliminary study we examined this inflammatory response in EGT-developing wounds as well as in experimental induced wounds. Immunohistological stainings were performed to detect primary inflammatory immune cells (MAC387 staining) as well as pro-resolution immune cells (CD163 staining). Ou...
Use of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in the Treatment of Limb Wounds: A Case Series of 42 Horses.
Journal of equine veterinary science    July 31, 2021   Volume 106 103725 doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103725
Launois T, Moor PL, Berthier A, Merlin N, Rieu F, Schlotterer C, Siegel A, Fruit G, Dugdale A, Vandeweerd JM.Traumatic limb injuries are common in horses. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been proven to promote wound healing in human medicine. It has also been described for the treatment of wounds in horses. In this retrospective study, clinical records of 42 (n = 42) animals were assessed. Categories of wounds, duration of NPWT application, frequency of resetting the NPWT device, technical complications, and tolerance to the procedure were recorded. 42 wounds were classified as bony (n = 15; 36 %), articular (n = 14; 33 %), tenosynovial (n = 9; 21%), muscular (n = 2; 5%) and cuta...
Limited added value of negative pressure wound therapy compared with calcium alginate dressings for second intention healing in a noncontaminated and contaminated equine distal limb wound model.
Equine veterinary journal    July 29, 2021   Volume 54, Issue 3 592-600 doi: 10.1111/evj.13487
Haspeslagh M, Van Hecke LL, Hermans K, Chiers K, Pint E, Wilmink JM, Martens AM.Distal limb wounds in horses often show aberrant healing due to a slow inflammatory response. In human medicine, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is used for the treatment of chronic wounds with a similar inflammatory response. Objective: To compare the effect of NPWT to calcium alginate dressings on the healing of (non) contaminated equine distal limb wounds. Methods: Controlled experiment. Methods: Circular wounds were created on the left and right dorsomedial metacarpus of 10 horses. In five horses, the wounds were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In...
Antibacterial effect of acidic ionized water on horse wounds bacterial isolates.
Veterinary world    May 10, 2021   Volume 14, Issue 5 1128-1132 doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1128-1132
Rahman AZA, Adzahan NM, Zakaria Z, Mayaki AM.Horse wounds can be easily infected with bacteria depending on the nature of its cause such as laceration, abrasion, or puncture as well as the nature of its environment. Various treatments are available in managing open wounds, including the usage of topical antibiotics and antiseptics. However, antibiotic resistance has been a major concern attributed with chronic wound infection. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of ionized water at different pH against the growth of common bacteria from horse wounds. Methods: Ten swab samples from equine infected wounds were collected and bact...
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