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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis / High seroprevelance of West Nile virus antibodies observed i...
Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)2015; 15(3); 218-220; doi: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1706

High seroprevelance of West Nile virus antibodies observed in horses from southwestern Nigeria.

Abstract: To investigate exposure of Nigerian horses to West Nile virus (WNV), we determined the seroprevalence rate of anti-WNV antibody in a cohort of 145 horses. Serum samples were collected from three locations in southwestern Nigeria between October, 2011, and July, 2012. The horses were asymptomatic and unvaccinated against WNV at the time of sampling. All sera were tested using a competition enzyme-linked immmunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by an immunoglobulin M (IgM)-specific ELISA. High rates of anti-WNV antibody prevalence were observed in all locations with a mean level of 90.3% (95% confidence interval 84.3-94.6%). None of the horses had detectable anti-WNV IgM. This is the first ELISA-based report of WNV seroprevalence in Nigerian horses and suggests that WNV is enzootic in the study areas, indicating a potential risk of infection in humans and animals.
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Publication Date: 2015-03-21 PubMed ID: 25793479PubMed Central: PMC4369928DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1706Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article reports on a study conducted to determine the presence of West Nile Virus (WNV) antibodies in horses in southwestern Nigeria. The study found high levels of WNV exposure, suggesting that the virus is endemic in the region, which indicates a potential infection risk in humans and other animals.

Objective and Method of the study

  • The main objective of the study was to investigate the exposure of Nigerian horses to the West Nile Virus (WNV).
  • The researchers aimed to determine the seroprevalence rate, which is the percentage of the population that test positive for a particular disease based on blood serum specimens, of anti-WNV antibodies in these horses.
  • The scientists collected serum samples from a group of 145 horses across three locations in southwestern Nigeria within a time frame of October 2011 to July 2012.
  • At the time of sampling, all the horses were asymptomatic (showed no symptoms of WNV) and were not vaccinated against it.
  • The testing of the samples was done using a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by an immunoglobulin M (IgM)-specific ELISA. ELISA is a common scientific technique used to measure antibodies, antigens, proteins, and glycoproteins in biological samples.

Results and Conclusion of the study

  • The study found high rates of anti-WNV antibody prevalance across all the locations tested with an average level of 90.3% (within a confidence interval of 84.3%-94.6%). The confidence interval is a statistical measure that estimates the range within which the real value lies with a certain level of confidence.
  • Interestingly, despite the high antibody prevalence, none of the horses tested had detectable levels of anti-WNV IgM, a type of antibody our bodies usually produce as a first line of defense after infection.
  • This study marks the first ELISA-based report of WNV seroprevalence in Nigerian horses, thus shedding light on the disease spread amongst these animals.
  • The findings strongly suggest that the virus is enzootic (habitually present in an animal population) in the southwestern Nigerian study areas, pointing to potential risks of infection in humans and other animals within these locales.

Cite This Article

APA
Sule WF, Oluwayelu DO, Adedokun RA, Rufai N, McCracken F, Mansfield KL, Johnson N. (2015). High seroprevelance of West Nile virus antibodies observed in horses from southwestern Nigeria. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis, 15(3), 218-220. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2014.1706

Publication

Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1557-7759
NlmUniqueID: 100965525
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Pages: 218-220

Researcher Affiliations

Sule, Waidi Folorunso
  • 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University , Oke-Baale, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria .
Oluwayelu, Daniel Oladimeji
    Adedokun, Rahamon Akinyele Moshood
      Rufai, Nurudeen
        McCracken, Fiona
          Mansfield, Karen L
            Johnson, Nicholas

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Antibodies, Viral / blood
              • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / veterinary
              • Female
              • Horse Diseases / blood
              • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
              • Horses
              • Humans
              • Immunoglobulin M / blood
              • Male
              • Nigeria / epidemiology
              • Seroepidemiologic Studies
              • Zoonoses

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