Histologic and micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the osseointegration of a nonresorbable bone substitute in alveoli of ponies after tooth extraction.

The research looked into the effectiveness of a non-resorbable bone substitute (NRBS) in the healing process of pony tooth sockets after extraction as compared to the normal healing process. The researchers discovered the NRBS integrated well with the socket tissues after a year, although the bone density and volume were higher in naturally healing alveoli.

Methodology Used

• The research involved five clinically normal ponies. Their fourth premolars were surgically removed under anesthesia.
• In each pony, one alveolus (socket) was filled with the NRBS and isolated from the oral cavity using dental impression material and a spring-wire retention device.
• The other socket was filled in its occlusal third portion with dental impression material.
• One year post-surgery, biopsy specimens were collected from the apical, middle, and occlusal levels of each socket.
• The samples were tested for bone mineral density and volume using micro-computed tomography. Qualitative histological features were assessed using light microscopy.

Research Findings

• In terms of bone mineral density and volume, naturally healing sockets performed better than those treated with NRBS.
• Naturally healing sockets exhibited few mature bone trabeculae and wide spaces containing fat tissue and mesenchymal stroma.
• On the other hand, the treated sockets showed positive biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of the NRBS. They also displayed continuous bone formation and remodeling.

Conclusion

• The research concluded that the NRBS integrated well in calcified tissues in pony socket after a year of tooth extraction.
• However, further research is needed to thoroughly determine the potential benefits of this NRBS for the potential development of a dental implant surgical technique in equine animals.