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Historical and clinical features of 200 cases of equine sinus disease.
Abstract: The historical and clinical findings in 200 referred cases of equine sinus disease were reviewed retrospectively. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to detect significant differences in historical or clinical features between various categories of sinus disease. The causes of sinus disease were classified as subacute primary (less than two months duration) (n=52), chronic primary (more than two months duration) (n=37), dental (n=40), sinus cyst (n=26), traumatic (n=13) or mycotic sinusitis (n=7), sinus neoplasia (n=10), dental-related oromaxillary fistula (n=8) and intrasinus progressive ethmoid haematoma (n=7). The majority of sinus disorders were of chronic duration at the time of referral and most (including 97 per cent of chronic primary sinusitis cases) had not responded to previous antibiotic therapy and/or sinus lavage in some cases. Clinical signs included unilateral nasal discharge in most cases, including purulent or mucopurulent discharge in all horses with primary, dental and mycotic sinusitis. Haemorrhagic nasal discharge was a feature of traumatic sinusitis and intrasinus progressive ethmoid haematomas. Firm facial swellings and nasal airflow obstruction were features of sinus cysts and neoplasms. Ipsilateral lymphadenitis was a more prominent feature of sinus disease with active infections such as primary, dental or mycotic sinusitis.
Publication Date: 2011-08-25 PubMed ID: 21868434DOI: 10.1136/vr.d4844Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Antibiotics
- Case Reports
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Signs
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Management
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Infection
- Retrospective Study
- Veterinary Care
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Procedure
- Veterinary Research
- Veterinary Science
Summary
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The research evaluated and categorized the clinical and historical aspects in 200 instances of sinus disease in horses, discovering the majority of these ailments are of a chronic nature, mostly non-responsive to antibiotics or sinus lavage. Key symptoms incorporated unilateral nasal discharge, particularly observed in dental, primary, and mycotic sinusitis cases.
Objective of the Research
- The main aim of this research was to analyze 200 cases of equine sinus disease in retrospect to detect any significant differences in their historical or clinical features.
- This analysis allowed the researchers to categorize these diseases into subtypes including subacute primary, chronic primary, dental, sinus cysts, traumatic, mycotic sinusitis, sinus neoplasia, dental-related oromaxillary fistula, and intrasinus progressive ethmoid haematoma.
Findings of the Study
- The majority of these sinus disorders were chronic at the time of referral, meaning they had been ongoing for more than two months.
- Most of the conditions in this category did not respond to antibiotic treatments or sinus lavage, a procedure for clearing out the sinus cavities. This included 97% of chronic primary sinusitis cases.
- The main clinical symptom observed was unilateral nasal discharge, with all cases of primary, dental, and mycotic sinusitis producing a purulent or mucous-filled discharge.
Additional Observations
- Equine patients suffering from traumatic sinusitis or intrasinus progressive ethmoid haematomas tended to show signs of a hemorrhagic nasal discharge.
- Horses with sinus cysts and neoplasms often exhibited firm facial swellings and nasal airflow obstruction.
- Ipsilateral lymphadenitis, a condition which involves an inflammation of the lymph nodes on the same side of the body, was also identified. It was observed to be a prominent feature in sinus diseases that were accompanied by active infections, for example, in cases of primary, dental, or mycotic sinusitis.
Cite This Article
APA
Dixon PM, Parkin TD, Collins N, Hawkes C, Townsend NB, Fisher G, Ealey R, Barakzai SZ.
(2011).
Historical and clinical features of 200 cases of equine sinus disease.
Vet Rec, 169(17), 439.
https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.d4844 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, UK. P.M.Dixon@ed.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cysts / epidemiology
- Cysts / pathology
- Cysts / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Male
- Nose Diseases / epidemiology
- Nose Diseases / pathology
- Nose Diseases / veterinary
- Nose Neoplasms / epidemiology
- Nose Neoplasms / pathology
- Nose Neoplasms / veterinary
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / epidemiology
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / pathology
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / veterinary
- Retrospective Studies
- Sinusitis / epidemiology
- Sinusitis / pathology
- Sinusitis / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Pezzanite LM, Hackett ES, McCready E, Easley JT. Outcomes following single, caudally based bilateral versus unilateral frontonasal sinusotomy for treatment of equine paranasal sinus disease. Vet Med Sci 2021 Nov;7(6):2209-2218.
- Vlaminck L, Pollaris E, Vanderperren K, Tremaine WH, Raes E. Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Primary Sino-Nasal Obstruction in Miniature Horse Breeds: Long-Term Follow-Up of Seven Cases. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:680150.
- Dixon PM, Barnett TP, Morgan RE, Reardon RJM. Computed Tomographic Assessment of Individual Paranasal Sinus Compartment and Nasal Conchal Bulla Involvement in 300 Cases of Equine Sinonasal Disease. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:580356.
- Dixon PM, Puidupin C, Borkent D, Liuti T, Reardon RJM. A Computed Tomographic Assessment of Osteitis of Sinus Bony Structures in Horses With Sinonasal Disorders. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:627.
- Schwieder A, Pfarrer C, Ohnesorge B, Staszyk C, Bienert-Zeit A. Comparative studies on the histological characteristics of equine nasomaxillary aperture and paranasal sinus mucosa considering topographic and age-related differences. Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jun 23;62(1):34.
- Robert MP, Stemmet GP, Smit Y. A bilateral sinus cyst treated via a bilateral frontonasal bone flap in a standing horse. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2019 Mar 28;90(0):e1-e6.
- Warren A. Equine sinonasal anaplastic sarcoma infected with multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli. Can Vet J 2019 Feb;60(2):199-202.
- Gergeleit H, Verspohl J, Rohde J, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. A prospective study on the microbiological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses in horses in health and disease. Acta Vet Scand 2018 Jul 5;60(1):43.
- Nieto JE, Yamout S, Dechant JE. Sinusitis associated with nasogastric intubation in 3 horses. Can Vet J 2014 Jun;55(6):554-8.
- Holz N, Suárez J, Hetzel U, Rampazzo A, Stoppini R. Mycotic Sphenopalatine Sinusitis With Concurrent Compression of the Optic Nerves and Chiasm and Severe Visual Impairment in A Horse. Vet Ophthalmol 2026 Jan;29(1):e70003.
- Borowska M, Lipowicz P, Daunoravičienė K, Turek B, Jasiński T, Pauk J, Domino M. Three-Dimensional Segmentation of Equine Paranasal Sinuses in Multidetector Computed Tomography Datasets: Preliminary Morphometric Assessment Assisted with Clustering Analysis. Sensors (Basel) 2024 May 30;24(11).
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