History of Lipizzan horse maternal lines as revealed by mtDNA analysis.
Abstract: Sequencing of the mtDNA control region (385 or 695 bp) of 212 Lipizzans from eight studs revealed 37 haplotypes. Distribution of haplotypes among studs was biased, including many private haplotypes but only one haplotype was present in all the studs. According to historical data, numerous Lipizzan maternal lines originating from founder mares of different breeds have been established during the breed's history, so the broad genetic base of the Lipizzan maternal lines was expected. A comparison of Lipizzan sequences with 136 sequences of domestic- and wild-horses from GenBank showed a clustering of Lipizzan haplotypes in the majority of haplotype subgroups present in other domestic horses. We assume that haplotypes identical to haplotypes of early domesticated horses can be found in several Lipizzan maternal lines as well as in other breeds. Therefore, domestic horses could arise either from a single large population or from several populations provided there were strong migrations during the early phase after domestication. A comparison of Lipizzan haplotypes with 56 maternal lines (according to the pedigrees) showed a disagreement of biological parentage with pedigree data for at least 11% of the Lipizzans. A distribution of haplotype-frequencies was unequal (0.2%-26%), mainly due to pedigree errors and haplotype sharing among founder mares.
Publication Date: 2002-11-13 PubMed ID: 12427390PubMed Central: PMC2705438DOI: 10.1186/1297-9686-34-5-635Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research study examines the maternal lineage of the Lipizzan horse breed through mtDNA analysis, identifying different haplotypes and comparing them with other domestic and wild horses. The study also found discrepancies between biological parentage and pedigree data in the Lipizzan breed.
Study Approach and Findings
- This study involved the sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of 212 Lipizzan horses from eight different studs. The researchers identified 37 different haplotypes, which are groups of genes that are inherited together.
- The distribution of these haplotypes was not equal among the studs, with many having private haplotypes, but only one haplotype was present across all the studs.
- Historical data show that the Lipizzan breed has originated from a number of different horse breeds, suggesting a broad genetic base for Lipizzan horses.
Comparison with Other Horses
- The researchers then compared the Lipizzan sequences with 136 sequences of domestic and wild horses from GenBank. They found that Lipizzan haplotypes clustered in the majority of haplotype subgroups present in other domestic horses.
- Interestingly, the team suggests that several Lipizzan maternal lines share haplotypes with early domesticated horses. This supports the theory that domestic horses originated from either a single large population or multiple populations, given that there were significant migrations in the early phase after domestication.
Discrepancy in Pedigree
- The team compared the Lipizzan haplotypes with 56 maternal lines according to pedigree data and found biological parentage disagreement for at least 11% of the Lipizzans, indicating possible errors in pedigree records.
- The distribution of haplotype frequencies varied greatly (0.2%-26%), which the researchers attribute mainly to pedigree errors and shared haplotypes among the breed’s founder mares. This could be dues to mistakes in record keeping or intermixing of different maternal lines over the breed’s history.
Cite This Article
APA
Kavar T, Brem G, Habe F, Sölkner J, Dovc P.
(2002).
History of Lipizzan horse maternal lines as revealed by mtDNA analysis.
Genet Sel Evol, 34(5), 635-648.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-34-5-635 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, 1230 Domzale, Slovenia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Breeding
- DNA, Mitochondrial / genetics
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Haplotypes / genetics
- Horses / genetics
- Pedigree
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Capomaccio S, Ablondi M, Colombi D, Sartori C, Giontella A, Cappelli K, Mancin E, Asti V, Mantovani R, Sabbioni A, Silvestrelli M. Exploring the Italian equine gene pool via high-throughput genotyping.. Front Genet 2023;14:1099896.
- Engel L, Becker D, Nissen T, Russ I, Thaller G, Krattenmacher N. Exploring the Origin and Relatedness of Maternal Lineages Through Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA in the Holstein Horse.. Front Genet 2021;12:632500.
- Giontella A, Cardinali I, Lancioni H, Giovannini S, Pieramati C, Silvestrelli M, Sarti FM. Mitochondrial DNA Survey Reveals the Lack of Accuracy in Maremmano Horse Studbook Records.. Animals (Basel) 2020 May 12;10(5).
- Ning T, Ling Y, Hu S, Ardalan A, Li J, Mitra B, Chaudhuri TK, Guan W, Zhao Q, Ma Y, Savolainen P, Zhang Y. Local origin or external input: modern horse origin in East Asia.. BMC Evol Biol 2019 Nov 27;19(1):217.
- Grilz-Seger G, Druml T, Neuditschko M, Dobretsberger M, Horna M, Brem G. High-resolution population structure and runs of homozygosity reveal the genetic architecture of complex traits in the Lipizzan horse.. BMC Genomics 2019 Mar 5;20(1):174.
- Almarzook S, Reissmann M, Brockmann GA. Diversity of mitochondrial DNA in three Arabian horse strains.. J Appl Genet 2017 May;58(2):273-276.
- Sziszkosz N, Mihók S, Jávor A, Kusza S. Genetic diversity of the Hungarian Gidran horse in two mitochondrial DNA markers.. PeerJ 2016;4:e1894.
- Cardinali I, Lancioni H, Giontella A, Capodiferro MR, Capomaccio S, Buttazzoni L, Biggio GP, Cherchi R, Albertini E, Olivieri A, Cappelli K, Achilli A, Silvestrelli M. An Overview of Ten Italian Horse Breeds through Mitochondrial DNA.. PLoS One 2016;11(4):e0153004.
- Takasu M, Ishihara N, Tozaki T, Kakoi H, Maeda M, Mukoyama H. Genetic diversity of maternal lineage in the endangered Kiso horse based on polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region.. J Vet Med Sci 2014 Nov;76(11):1451-6.
- Wallner B, Vogl C, Shukla P, Burgstaller JP, Druml T, Brem G. Identification of genetic variation on the horse y chromosome and the tracing of male founder lineages in modern breeds.. PLoS One 2013;8(4):e60015.
- Jiang Q, Wei Y, Huang Y, Jiang H, Guo Y, Lan G, Liao J. The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of the Debao pony (Equus caballus).. Mol Biol Rep 2011 Jan;38(1):593-9.
- Oliehoek PA, Bijma P. Effects of pedigree errors on the efficiency of conservation decisions.. Genet Sel Evol 2009 Jan 14;41(1):9.
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