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The Journal of reproduction and development2017; 64(1); 57-64; doi: 10.1262/jrd.2017-124

Identification and expression analysis of cDNA encoding insulin-like growth factor 2 in horses.

Abstract: Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is responsible for a broad range of physiological processes during fetal development and adulthood, but genomic analyses of IGF2 containing the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) in equines have been limited. In this study, we characterized the IGF2 mRNA containing the UTRs, and determined its expression pattern in the fetal tissues of horses. The complete equine IGF2 mRNA sequence harboring another exon approximately 2.8 kb upstream from the canonical transcription start site was identified as a new transcript variant. As this upstream exon did not contain the start codon, the amino acid sequence was identical to the canonical variant. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the protein possessed two major domains, IlGF and IGF2_C, and analysis of IGF2 sequence polymorphism in fetal tissues of Hokkaido native horse and Thoroughbreds revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (T to C transition) at position 398 in Thoroughbreds, which caused an amino acid substitution at position 133 in the IGF2 sequence. Furthermore, the expression pattern of the IGF2 mRNA in the fetal tissues of horses was determined for the first time, and was found to be consistent with those of other species. Taken together, these results suggested that the transcriptional and translational products of the IGF2 gene have conserved functions in the fetal development of mammals, including horses.
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Publication Date: 2017-11-17 PubMed ID: 29151450PubMed Central: PMC5830359DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-124Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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This research article investigates the genetics and expression of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in horses. It delivers new insights into the IGF2 mRNA sequence in horses, identifies a new transcript variant, and provides analysis of the protein’s structure and expression during fetal development.

IGF2 mRNA Identification and Characterization

  • The research team successfully identified the complete equine IGF2 mRNA sequence, including a new exon situated approximately 2.8 kilobases upstream of the typical transcription start site. This previously unknown transcript variant was not thought to alter the resulting amino acid sequence as the newly-discovered exon did not contain the start codon.

Deduced Amino Acid Sequence Analysis

  • The researchers analysed the deduced amino acid sequence and found that the protein harboured two major domains known as IlGF and IGF2_C.
  • They also noticed a sequence polymorphism in the IGF2 gene in fetal tissues taken from a Hokkaido native horse and Thoroughbreds. This polymorphism was a T to C transition occurring at position 398 in Thoroughbreds, which led to an amino acid substitution at position 133 in the IGF2 sequence.

IGF2 mRNA Expression in Fetal Tissues

  • The research team was able to establish for the first time, the expression pattern of the IGF2 mRNA in horse fetal tissues.
  • They found the pattern to be consistent with the expression in other species, which suggests that the transcriptional and translational products of the IGF2 gene have preserved functions during mammalian fetal development, including that of horses.

This research supports the understanding of horse genetics, particularly the IGF2 gene, and its significance in fetal development. The discovery of a new transcript variant enriches current scientific knowledge and could lay the groundwork for understanding IGF2 impact in equine health and breeding.

Cite This Article

APA
Kikuchi K, Sasaki K, Akizawa H, Tsukahara H, Bai H, Takahashi M, Nambo Y, Hata H, Kawahara M. (2017). Identification and expression analysis of cDNA encoding insulin-like growth factor 2 in horses. J Reprod Dev, 64(1), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2017-124

Publication

The Journal of reproduction and development
ISSN: 1348-4400
NlmUniqueID: 9438792
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 64
Issue: 1
Pages: 57-64

Researcher Affiliations

Kikuchi, Kohta
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Sasaki, Keisuke
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
  • Present: Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Akizawa, Hiroki
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Tsukahara, Hayato
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Bai, Hanako
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Takahashi, Masashi
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Nambo, Yasuo
  • Equine Science Division, Hidaka Training and Research Center, Japan Racing Association, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan.
  • Present: Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
Hata, Hiroshi
  • Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0811, Japan.
Kawahara, Manabu
  • Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.

MeSH Terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • DNA Methylation
  • DNA, Complementary
  • Exons
  • Horses
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / genetics
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / metabolism
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

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