Identification of allergens in Artocarpus heterophyllus, Moringa oleifera, Trianthema portulacastrum and Syzygium samarangense.
Abstract: It is clinically important to identify allergens in Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit), Moringa oleifera (moringa), Trianthema portulacastrum (horse purslane) and Syzygium samarangense (rose apple). This study included 7 patients who developed anaphylaxis to jackfruit (1), moringa (2), horse purslane (3) and rose apple (1). We sought to determine allergens in the edible ripening stages of jackfruit (tender, mature, and ripened jackfruit) and seeds, edible parts of moringa (seeds, seedpod, flesh inside seedpod, and leaves), horse purslane leaves and ripened rose apple fruit. The persistence of the allergens after cooking was also investigated. Methods: Allergens were identified by clinical history followed by a skin prick test. Protein profiles of plant/fruit crude protein extracts were determined by SDS-PAGE. Molecular weights of the allergens were determined by immunoblotting with patient sera. Results: A heat-stable allergen of 114 kDa in A. heterophyllus which is shared among different ripening stages and seeds was identified. Additionally, 101 kDa allergen in boiled tender jackfruit, 86 kDa allergen in boiled seeds and 80 kDa allergen in boiled mature jackfruit were identified. Five heat-stable allergens of 14, 23, 35, 43, and 48 kDa in M. oleifera, 1 heat-stable allergen of 97 kDa in T. portulacastrum, and 4 allergens of 26, 31. 60, and 82 kDa in S. samarangense were identified. Conclusions: Novel IgE-sensitive proteins of A. heterophyllus, M. oleifera, T. portulacastrum and S. samarangense were identified which would be especially useful in the diagnosis of food allergies. The identified allergens can be used in Component Resolved Diagnostics (CRD).
© 2023. Italian Society of Allergology, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (SIAAIC) and BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
Publication Date: 2023-08-11 PubMed ID: 37568224PubMed Central: PMC10416484DOI: 10.1186/s12948-023-00187-2Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study was aimed at identifying allergens present in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), moringa (Moringa oleifera), horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) and rose apple (Syzygium samarangense), and their persistence post-cooking. Findings pointed towards the presence of numerous, mainly heat-stable allergens in these foods, which could be useful in diagnosing food allergies using Component Resolved Diagnostics.
Methodology
- The research team started this study with seven patients – one allergic to jackfruit, two to moringa, three to horse purslane, and one to rose apple. They used these patients’ clinical histories and focused on the edible parts of these plants and fruits at various stages of ripeness.
- Skin prick tests were conducted to identify allergens. Afterward, crude protein extracts from these plants and fruits were subjected to SDS-PAGE for protein profiling.
- The molecular weights of the identified allergens were determined through immunoblotting using patients’ sera. The objective was not to just identify these allergens but also examine their stability after cooking.
Findings
- A 114kDa allergen, heat-stable and consistent across ripening stages and seeds, was found in jackfruit. Three other allergens of 101kDa, 86kDa, and 80kDa were also identified in boiled tender jackfruit, boiled seeds, and boiled mature jackfruit respectively.
- Moringa showed five heat-stable allergens with varying kDa – 14, 23, 35, 43, and 48.
- Horse purslane had a single heat-stable allergen of 97kDa.
- Lastly, rose apple also contained four allergens – 26, 31, 60, and 82kDa.
Conclusions
- The study discovered and documented new IgE-sensitive proteins in jackfruit, moringa, horse purslane, and rose apple, broadening the understanding of food allergens.
- The identification of these allergens is beneficial for Component Resolved Diagnostics (CRD), an advanced allergy diagnostic technique, and can help in customizing allergen-specific immunotherapies.
- This investigation also highlighted the need for determining the stability of allergens post-cooking, an often overlooked but crucial aspect of allergen interaction research.
Cite This Article
APA
Iddagoda J, Gunasekara P, Handunnetti S, Jeewandara C, Karunatilake C, Malavige GN, de Silva R, Dasanayake D.
(2023).
Identification of allergens in Artocarpus heterophyllus, Moringa oleifera, Trianthema portulacastrum and Syzygium samarangense.
Clin Mol Allergy, 21(1), 6.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-023-00187-2 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. janithaiddagoda35@gmail.com.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
- Allergy, Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
- Allergy, Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Grant Funding
- 11/2019 / Medical Research Institute Sri Lanka
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
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